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{{Bengali-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Bengali|Bengali]]  → [[Language/Bengali/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Nouns → Plurals</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Bengali Grammar - Plurals</div>
__TOC__


Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/bengali Bengali] learners! 😊<br>
== Introduction ==
In this lesson, we will be learning about plurals in Bengali. Knowing how to form plurals is important when communicating with native speakers. We will also learn some cultural information along the way. So, let's get started!


__TOC__
In the Bengali language, nouns play a crucial role in sentence construction. They are used to identify people, places, things, and ideas. Understanding how to form plurals in Bengali is essential for effective communication and proper sentence structure. In this lesson, we will explore the rules and patterns for creating plural nouns in Bengali, as well as their usage in sentences.
 
== Formation of Plural Nouns ==


== Introduction ==
The formation of plural nouns in Bengali follows certain rules and patterns. Let's take a look at the different ways to form plurals in the language.


Plurals are an important aspect of any language. The rules for plurals vary from language to language, and Bengali is no different. In Bengali, forming plurals is relatively easy once you understand the rules. Plurals are used to refer to more than one of something and are important when making requests or stating preferences.
=== Regular Plurals ===


In Bengali, most nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix "-গুলি" ("-guli") or "-রা" ("-ra") to the singular form of the noun. The choice of suffix depends on the pronunciation and ending of the singular noun.


<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]], [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Question-Formation|Question Formation]] & [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Temporal-Prepositions|Temporal Prepositions]].</span>
Here are some examples:
== Regular Plurals ==


Most Bengali nouns form their plurals simply by adding the suffix -গুলি (-guli) to the singular form of the noun. For example the word পতাকা (pôtaka, 'book') becomes পতাকাগুলি (pôtakaguli, 'books') in plural form.
{| class="wikitable"
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| মেয়ে (meye) || meye || girl
|-
| মেয়েগুলি (meyeguli) || meye-guli || girls
|-
| বই (boi) || boi || book
|-
| বইরা (boira) || boi-ra || books
|-
| মানুষ (manush) || manush || person
|-
| মানুষরা (manushra) || manush-ra || people
|}


<table class="wikitable">
=== Irregular Plurals ===
  <tr>
    <th>Bengali</th>
    <th>Pronunciation</th>
    <th>English</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>সেবা</td>
    <td>sheba</td>
    <td>service</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>সেবাগুলি</td>
    <td>shebaguli</td>
    <td>services</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ফুল</td>
    <td>phul</td>
    <td>flower</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ফুলগুলি</td>
    <td>phulguli</td>
    <td>flowers</td>
  </tr>
</table>


== Irregular Plurals ==
Some nouns in Bengali form their plurals irregularly, deviating from the regular patterns. These irregular plurals are formed by changing specific vowels or consonants in the singular noun.


There are some irregular plurals in Bengali that do not follow the rule of adding -গুলি (-guli) to the singular form of the noun. Here are some examples:
Here are some examples of irregular plurals:


<table class="wikitable">
{| class="wikitable"
  <tr>
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
    <th>Bengali</th>
|-
    <th>Pronunciation</th>
| বাচ্চা (bachcha) || bachcha || child
    <th>English</th>
|-
  </tr>
| বাচ্চাদের (bachchader) || bachcha-der || children
  <tr>
|-
    <td>লোক</td>
| কুকুর (kukur) || kuku-r || dog
    <td>lok</td>
|-
    <td>person/people</td>
| কুকুররা (kukurra) || kuku-rra || dogs
  </tr>
|-
  <tr>
| পাখি (paki) || paki || bird
    <td>ভাই</td>
|-
    <td>bhai</td>
| পাখিরা (pakira) || paki-ra || birds
    <td>brother/brothers</td>
|}
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>বোন</td>
    <td>bon</td>
    <td>sister/sisters</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>শিশু</td>
    <td>shishu</td>
    <td>child/children</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>গরু</td>
    <td>goru</td>
    <td>cow/cattle</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ঘোড়া</td>
    <td>ghora</td>
    <td>horse/horses</td>
  </tr>
</table>


== Counting in Bengali ==
=== Borrowed Words ===


Before we dive into the more complex grammar rules related to plurals, let's take a moment to look at counting in Bengali. Knowing how to count in Bengali will be very useful when we start forming plurals.  
Bengali, like many other languages, has borrowed words from other languages. These borrowed words often retain their original plural forms, especially if they are nouns that have become part of the common vocabulary.


<table class="wikitable">
Here are some examples of borrowed words with their plural forms:
  <tr>
    <th>Bengali</th>
    <th>Transliteration</th>
    <th>English</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>শুন্য</td>
    <td>shunno</td>
    <td>zero</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>এক</td>
    <td>ek</td>
    <td>one</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>দুই</td>
    <td>dui</td>
    <td>two</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>তিন</td>
    <td>tin</td>
    <td>three</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>চার</td>
    <td>char</td>
    <td>four</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>পাঁচ</td>
    <td>pach</td>
    <td>five</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ছয়</td>
    <td>shoy</td>
    <td>six</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>সাত</td>
    <td>shat</td>
    <td>seven</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>আট</td>
    <td>at</td>
    <td>eight</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>নয়</td>
    <td>nôy</td>
    <td>nine</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>দশ</td>
    <td>dosh</td>
    <td>ten</td>
  </tr>
</table>


== Changing Vowels and Consonants ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| টেলিভিশন (television) || television || television
|-
| টেলিভিশন (television) || television || televisions
|-
| রেডিও (radio) || radio || radio
|-
| রেডিও (radio) || radio || radios
|-
| ট্যাক্সি (taxi) || taxi || taxi
|-
| ট্যাক্সি (taxi) || taxi || taxis
|}


Not all Bengali nouns form their plurals by simply adding -গুলি (-guli) at the end. Some require a change in the vowels of the noun, while others require a change in consonants. Here are some examples:
It is important to note that borrowed words may also adopt regular plural forms based on the rules and patterns of the Bengali language.


=== Changing Vowels ===
== Usage of Plural Nouns ==


When the vowel of the noun changes, the plural form is formed by adding -গুলো (-gulo) at the end of the plural word. This is similar to adding -গুলি (-guli) but with a different vowel sound.
Plural nouns in Bengali are used in various contexts to convey the presence of more than one person, object, or concept. They are an integral part of everyday conversation and written communication.


Person 1: আমি একটি হলুদ ফল খাই। (ami ekṭi holud fol khai, "I eat a yellow fruit.")
Here are some examples of how plural nouns are used in sentences:
Person 2: আপনি কতগুলো হলুদ ফল খাইছেন? (apni kotgulo holud fol khaichen?, "How many yellow fruits do you eat?")


<table class="wikitable">
1. মেয়েগুলি বই পড়ছে। (Meyeguli boi porchhe.) - The girls are reading books.
  <tr>
2. মানুষরা সবাই খেলছে। (Manushra sobai khelche.) - The people are playing.
    <th>Bengali</th>
3. বাচ্চাদের ছোটবেলা সুখে কাটছে। (Bachchader chotbela sukh-e katchhe.) - The children are enjoying their childhood.
    <th>Pronunciation</th>
4. পাখিরা আকাশে উড়ছে। (Pakira akashe uṛche.) - The birds are flying in the sky.
    <th>English</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>গর্ত (gôrt)</td>
    <td>garte</td>
    <td>pit</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>গর্তগুলো (gôrtgulo)</td>
    <td>gartegulo</td>
    <td>pits</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>কুকুর (kukur)</td>
    <td>kukur</td>
    <td>dog</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>কুকুরগুলো (kukurgulo)</td>
    <td>kukurgulo</td>
    <td>dogs</td>
  </tr>
</table>


=== Changing Consonants ===
Plural nouns can also be used with adjectives and other modifiers to provide more information about the group or category they represent.


In some cases, the consonant in the noun changes in the plural form. This is often the case with words that end in -টি (-ṭi), -ডি (-ḍi), -দি (-di), -পি (-pi) -ং (-ng), -শ (sh), -ষ (sh), -ক (k), and -ত (t).
== Cultural Insight ==


Person 1: আমি একটি কলম লিখছি। (ami ekṭi kolom likhchi, "I am writing a pen.")
The usage of plural nouns in Bengali reflects the cultural diversity and richness of the language. Bengali society places great importance on community and collective identity, which is often reflected in the language itself. The plural form of nouns allows for the representation of groups, communities, and shared experiences.
Person 2: আপনি কতটি কলম লিখছেন? (apni kotṭi kolom likhchen?, "How many pens are you writing?")


<table class="wikitable">
Historically, Bengali has been influenced by various cultures and languages, leading to the adoption of borrowed words. These borrowed words, with their original plural forms, contribute to the linguistic diversity of Bengali.
  <tr>
    <th>Bengali</th>
    <th>Pronunciation</th>
    <th>English</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>গাছ (gachh)</td>
    <td>gachh</td>
    <td>tree</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>গাছগুলো (gachhgulo)</td>
    <td>gachhgulo</td>
    <td>trees</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>হাত (hat)</td>
    <td>hat</td>
    <td>hand</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>হাতগুলো (hatgulo)</td>
    <td>hatgulo</td>
    <td>hands</td>
  </tr>
</table>


== Cultural Tips ==
Interesting Fact: The concept of pluralism is deeply ingrained in Bengali culture, as seen in the celebration of various festivals and the collective spirit of the people.


Bengali is a language that is very rich in culture and tradition. In Bengali culture, using the plural form of a word can sometimes be seen as a sign of respect. For example, when speaking with elders or addressing a group of people, it is common to use the plural form of a noun instead of the singular.
== Exercises ==


== Practice Dialogue ==
1. Form the plural of the following nouns:
* ছাত্র (chhatro) - student
* মাইক্রোফোন (microphone) - microphone
* দেশ (desh) - country
* সময় (shomoy) - time


Person 1: আমি দুটি কলম কিনতে চাই। (ami duiti kolom kinote chai, "I want to buy two pens.")
Solution:
Person 2: হ্যাঁ, কলমগুলো কোথায়? (hyan, kolomgulo kothay?, "Yes, where are the pens?")
* ছাত্ররা (chhatrora)
Person 1: ওদের বাম পাশে আছে। (oder bam pase ache, "They are on their left.")
* মাইক্রোফোনগুলি (microphoneguli)
Person 2: মুহূর্ত, আমি দেখে আসি। (muhurt, ami dekhe asi, "One moment, let me check.")
* দেশগুলি (deshguli)
Person 2: হ্যাঁ, দুটি কলম আছে। (hyan, duiti kolom ache, "Yes, there are two pens.")
* সময়গুলি (shomoyguli)


== Conclusion ==
2. Translate the following sentences into Bengali:
* The students are studying.
* The books are on the table.
* The dogs are barking.
* The birds are singing.


Forming plurals in Bengali is relatively easy. Most Bengali nouns form their plurals by adding -গুলি (-guli) to the singular form of the noun. There are some irregular plurals that are exceptions to this rule. Counting in Bengali is also important when forming plurals. Remember that in Bengali culture, using the plural form of a word can sometimes show respect. Keep practicing with native speakers to improve your skills!
Solution:
* ছাত্ররা অধ্যয়ন করছে।
* বইরা টেবিলে আছে।
* কুকুররা গলায় বারকরছে।
* পাখিরা গান গায়।


➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>
== Conclusion ==
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


<span class='maj'></span>
Mastering the formation and usage of plural nouns in Bengali is essential for effective communication and sentence construction. By understanding the rules and patterns for forming plurals, you will be able to express the presence of multiple people, objects, or concepts accurately. The cultural insight provided in this lesson highlights the significance of plural nouns in Bengali and reflects the collective spirit of the language.
==Sources==
* [https://www.pinterest.com/pin/153474299779649620/ English Grammar with Bengali: Number | Plural words, Plurals ...]


Continue practicing and applying your knowledge of plural nouns in Bengali to enhance your language skills. With time and practice, you will gain confidence and fluency in using plural nouns in everyday conversations and written communication.


<span link>Now that you've completed this lesson, don't stop learning! Check out these related topics: [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Adverbial-Phrases|Bengali Grammar → Adverbs → Adverbial Phrases]], [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]] & [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Bengali Grammar - Plurals
|title=Bengali Grammar → Nouns → Plurals
|keywords=Bengali grammar, plurals, counting in Bengali, Bengali culture
|keywords=Bengali nouns, Bengali grammar, Bengali plurals, forming plural nouns in Bengali
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about forming plurals in Bengali, along with cultural information and examples. Learn how to change vowels and consonants for irregular plurals too!
|description=Learn how to form plural Bengali nouns and their usage in sentences. Understand the rules and patterns for creating plural nouns in Bengali, as well as their cultural significance.
}}
}}
{{Bengali-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
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==Videos==
==Videos==
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===Basic English Grammar in Bengali | Plurals - YouTube===
===Basic English Grammar in Bengali | Plurals - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJUaCM_4Tgs</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJUaCM_4Tgs</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://www.pinterest.com/pin/153474299779649620/ English Grammar with Bengali: Number | Plural words, Plurals ...]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]


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{{Bengali-Page-Bottom}}


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Revision as of 06:24, 19 June 2023

◀️ Gender — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Types of Adjectives ▶️

Bengali-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Bengali → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Nouns → Plurals

Introduction

In the Bengali language, nouns play a crucial role in sentence construction. They are used to identify people, places, things, and ideas. Understanding how to form plurals in Bengali is essential for effective communication and proper sentence structure. In this lesson, we will explore the rules and patterns for creating plural nouns in Bengali, as well as their usage in sentences.

Formation of Plural Nouns

The formation of plural nouns in Bengali follows certain rules and patterns. Let's take a look at the different ways to form plurals in the language.

Regular Plurals

In Bengali, most nouns form their plurals by adding the suffix "-গুলি" ("-guli") or "-রা" ("-ra") to the singular form of the noun. The choice of suffix depends on the pronunciation and ending of the singular noun.

Here are some examples:

Bengali Pronunciation English
মেয়ে (meye) meye girl
মেয়েগুলি (meyeguli) meye-guli girls
বই (boi) boi book
বইরা (boira) boi-ra books
মানুষ (manush) manush person
মানুষরা (manushra) manush-ra people

Irregular Plurals

Some nouns in Bengali form their plurals irregularly, deviating from the regular patterns. These irregular plurals are formed by changing specific vowels or consonants in the singular noun.

Here are some examples of irregular plurals:

Bengali Pronunciation English
বাচ্চা (bachcha) bachcha child
বাচ্চাদের (bachchader) bachcha-der children
কুকুর (kukur) kuku-r dog
কুকুররা (kukurra) kuku-rra dogs
পাখি (paki) paki bird
পাখিরা (pakira) paki-ra birds

Borrowed Words

Bengali, like many other languages, has borrowed words from other languages. These borrowed words often retain their original plural forms, especially if they are nouns that have become part of the common vocabulary.

Here are some examples of borrowed words with their plural forms:

Bengali Pronunciation English
টেলিভিশন (television) television television
টেলিভিশন (television) television televisions
রেডিও (radio) radio radio
রেডিও (radio) radio radios
ট্যাক্সি (taxi) taxi taxi
ট্যাক্সি (taxi) taxi taxis

It is important to note that borrowed words may also adopt regular plural forms based on the rules and patterns of the Bengali language.

Usage of Plural Nouns

Plural nouns in Bengali are used in various contexts to convey the presence of more than one person, object, or concept. They are an integral part of everyday conversation and written communication.

Here are some examples of how plural nouns are used in sentences:

1. মেয়েগুলি বই পড়ছে। (Meyeguli boi porchhe.) - The girls are reading books. 2. মানুষরা সবাই খেলছে। (Manushra sobai khelche.) - The people are playing. 3. বাচ্চাদের ছোটবেলা সুখে কাটছে। (Bachchader chotbela sukh-e katchhe.) - The children are enjoying their childhood. 4. পাখিরা আকাশে উড়ছে। (Pakira akashe uṛche.) - The birds are flying in the sky.

Plural nouns can also be used with adjectives and other modifiers to provide more information about the group or category they represent.

Cultural Insight

The usage of plural nouns in Bengali reflects the cultural diversity and richness of the language. Bengali society places great importance on community and collective identity, which is often reflected in the language itself. The plural form of nouns allows for the representation of groups, communities, and shared experiences.

Historically, Bengali has been influenced by various cultures and languages, leading to the adoption of borrowed words. These borrowed words, with their original plural forms, contribute to the linguistic diversity of Bengali.

Interesting Fact: The concept of pluralism is deeply ingrained in Bengali culture, as seen in the celebration of various festivals and the collective spirit of the people.

Exercises

1. Form the plural of the following nouns:

  • ছাত্র (chhatro) - student
  • মাইক্রোফোন (microphone) - microphone
  • দেশ (desh) - country
  • সময় (shomoy) - time

Solution:

  • ছাত্ররা (chhatrora)
  • মাইক্রোফোনগুলি (microphoneguli)
  • দেশগুলি (deshguli)
  • সময়গুলি (shomoyguli)

2. Translate the following sentences into Bengali:

  • The students are studying.
  • The books are on the table.
  • The dogs are barking.
  • The birds are singing.

Solution:

  • ছাত্ররা অধ্যয়ন করছে।
  • বইরা টেবিলে আছে।
  • কুকুররা গলায় বারকরছে।
  • পাখিরা গান গায়।

Conclusion

Mastering the formation and usage of plural nouns in Bengali is essential for effective communication and sentence construction. By understanding the rules and patterns for forming plurals, you will be able to express the presence of multiple people, objects, or concepts accurately. The cultural insight provided in this lesson highlights the significance of plural nouns in Bengali and reflects the collective spirit of the language.

Continue practicing and applying your knowledge of plural nouns in Bengali to enhance your language skills. With time and practice, you will gain confidence and fluency in using plural nouns in everyday conversations and written communication.

Table of Contents - Bengali Course - 0 to A1


Basics


Numbers


Sentence Construction


Nouns


Adjectives


Culture and Society


History and Literature


Arts and Music


Family and Relationships


Everyday Life


Prepositions


Conjunctions


Adverbs


Geography


Work and Employment


Interrogative Sentences


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Basic English Grammar in Bengali | Plurals - YouTube


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