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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Serbian|Serbian]]  → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs: Infinitives</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Serbian Grammar → Verbs: Conditional → Verbs: Infinitives</div>
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As a Serbian language teacher, I believe that understanding Serbian grammar is crucial to learning the language. In this lesson, we will explore the concept of infinitives in Serbian verbs. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand how to use infinitives in your Serbian conversations and express your ideas more accurately.
== Introduction ==
 
In this lesson, we will explore the concept of infinitives in Serbian. Infinitives are the base form of verbs, often referred to as the "to" form in English. Understanding infinitives is crucial for building sentences and expressing various actions in Serbian.
 
We will begin by discussing the importance of infinitives in the context of the Serbian language and outline the structure of this lesson. Then, we will delve into the details of infinitives, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. Additionally, we will include a cultural section to explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of infinitives and share interesting cultural facts related to the topic. Finally, we will provide exercises and practice scenarios for you to apply what you have learned.


Let's dive into the world of Serbian infinitives!


<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] & [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Be-Polite|Be Polite]].</span>
== The Concept of Infinitives ==
== Infinitives in Serbian ==


In Serbian, an infinitive is an unconjugated form of the verb, similar to the English "to" + verb construction (e.g. "to go"). Infinitives can act as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs, depending on the context.  
Infinitives are the unconjugated form of verbs in Serbian. They express the action or state in its most basic form, without indicating the subject or tense of the verb. In English, infinitives are typically preceded by the word "to," such as "to eat," "to sleep," or "to study."


For example:
In Serbian, infinitives are formed by removing the infinitive suffix -ti from the verb stem. For example, the infinitive form of the verb "jesti" (to eat) is "jesti," and the infinitive form of the verb "spavati" (to sleep) is "spavati."
* Infinitive acting as a noun: <i>Ići</i> je zabavno. (Going is fun.)
* Infinitive acting as an adjective: Moja omiljena knjiga je <i>čitati</i>. (My favorite book is the one to read.)
* Infinitive acting as an adverb: Dođi da <i>gledamo</i> film. (Come to watch a movie.)


In Serbian, infinitives are formed by removing the ending of the present tense verb and adding one of the following endings: <i>-ti</i>, <i>-ći</i>, <i>-ati</i>, or <i>-jeti</i>. For example:
Let's take a look at some examples of Serbian infinitives:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Infinitive
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Radiš || rad<i>iti</i>
| jesti || /jɛsti/ || to eat
|-
|-
| Plivaš || pliv<i>ati</i>
| spavati || /spavati/ || to sleep
|-
|-
| Pečeš || peč<i>enje</i>
| učiti || /uːtʃiti/ || to study
|-
| pisati || /pisati/ || to write
|}
|}


The last example shows that some verbs form their infinitives by adding <i>-enje</i> to the stem. These verbs usually end in <i>-et</i>.
As you can see, the infinitive form of each verb remains unchanged regardless of the subject or tense of the sentence. This allows us to focus on the action or state itself.


== Uses of Infinitives ==  
== Usage of Infinitives ==


Infinitives in Serbian can be used in many ways. Here are some of the most common uses:
Infinitives in Serbian can be used in various ways, including as the main verb in a sentence, as a complement to another verb, or as a noun.


=== As a subject ===
When used as the main verb, infinitives can express actions or states. Here are some examples:


In Serbian, infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence. For example:
* Želim jesti. (I want to eat.)
* Volim spavati. (I love to sleep.)
* Moram učiti. (I have to study.)
* Želiš pisati? (Do you want to write?)


* <i>Raditi</i> je zdravo. (Working is healthy.)
In these sentences, the infinitives "jesti," "spavati," "učiti," and "pisati" serve as the main verbs, indicating the action or state being expressed.


=== As a direct object ===
Infinitives can also function as complements to other verbs, providing additional information about the action. Here are some examples:


Infinitives can also act as a direct object of a verb:
* Mogu plivati. (I can swim.)
* Želim plesati. (I want to dance.)
* Naučio sam voziti. (I learned how to drive.)
* Pomaže mi kuhati. (He/she helps me cook.)


* Volim da <i>pevam</i> u karaokama. (I love to sing in karaoke.)
In these sentences, the infinitives "plivati," "plesati," "voziti," and "kuhati" complement the main verbs "mogu," "želim," "naučio sam," and "pomaže," respectively.


=== As indirect objects ===
Furthermore, infinitives can act as nouns in a sentence, occupying the position of a subject, object, or complement. Here are some examples:


Infinitives can be used as indirect objects of verbs, indicating the purpose or reason for the action:
* Pisanje je moj hobi. (Writing is my hobby.)
* Volim čitati knjige. (I love reading books.)
* Uživam u putovanjima. (I enjoy traveling.)
* Naučiti jezik je izazov. (Learning a language is a challenge.)


* Kupila sam novu haljinu da bih mogla <i>izgledati</i> lepo za rođendansku zabavu. (I bought a new dress to look nice at the birthday party.)
In these sentences, the infinitives "pisanje," "čitati," "putovanjima," and "naučiti jezik" function as nouns, representing the subject, object, or complement of the sentence.


=== With prepositions ===
== Cultural Insights ==


Infinitives are often used with prepositions such as <i>za</i> (for), <i>od</i> (from), <i>do</i> (until):
The usage of infinitives in Serbian is generally consistent across regions. However, there are certain cultural nuances that can be observed in the choice of verbs and the contexts in which infinitives are used.


* Kupila sam novu haljinu <i>za</i> rođendansku zabavu. (I bought a new dress for the birthday party.)
For example, Serbian cuisine places great importance on food and dining. Therefore, you may often encounter infinitives related to cooking, eating, and enjoying meals in everyday conversations. It is not uncommon for Serbians to express their love for food and the joy of sharing meals together.
* Hvala ti <i>na</i> poseti. (Thank you for the visit.)


== Conclusion ==
Additionally, Serbia has a rich tradition of storytelling and literature. Infinitives are commonly used in Serbian literature to convey emotions, actions, and thoughts. Serbian authors often employ vivid and descriptive infinitives to create a strong visual or emotional impact on the readers.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now, let's practice using infinitives in different contexts. Choose the appropriate form of the verb to complete each sentence:
 
1. Želim _______ (pevati/pesmu) na koncertu.
2. Moramo _______ (učiti/učenje) svaki dan da bismo postigli uspeh.
3. Volim _______ (čitati/knjiga) pre spavanja.
4. Da li želiš _______ (kupovati/knjigu) za mene?
5. _______ (Gledati/Gledanje) film je moj omiljeni način opuštanja.
 
Solutions:
1. pevati
2. učiti
3. čitati
4. kupovati
5. Gledanje


Infinitives are an essential part of Serbian grammar that allows speakers to express their ideas accurately. By using infinitives, students of Serbian can communicate more effectively and fluently. In this lesson, we have explored the concept of infinitives in Serbian and their various uses in different contexts. Keep practicing and don't be afraid to use infinitives in your Serbian conversations!
Explanation:
1. The sentence expresses a desire to sing (pevati) a song (pesmu) at the concert.
2. The sentence states that we need to study (učiti) every day to achieve success.
3. The sentence indicates a love for reading (čitati) before bedtime.
4. The question asks if you want to buy (kupovati) a book (knjigu) for me.
5. The sentence states that watching (Gledanje) a movie is my favorite way to relax.


<span class='maj'></span>
== Conclusion ==
==Sources==
* [https://serbonika.com/blog/serbian-language/serbian-verbs-present-tense/ 3 Groups of Serbian Verbs: the Present Tense - Serbonika]
* [https://slev.life/serbian-verbs 86 Top Serbian Verbs: Present & Past Tense Chart]
* [https://serbonika.com/blog/serbian-language/future-tense-in-serbian-and-croatian/ All Shapes of the Future Tense in Serbian and Croatian Language ...]


* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitive Infinitive]
Congratulations! You have learned about the concept of infinitives in Serbian. Infinitives are essential for understanding and constructing sentences in Serbian. They can be used as the main verb, as a complement to another verb, or as a noun. Through the practice exercises, you have had the opportunity to apply your knowledge and deepen your understanding.


In the next lesson, we will explore another important aspect of Serbian grammar. Stay tuned and keep up the great work!


<span link>Well done on mastering this lesson! Don't miss these related pages to expand your knowledge: [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]] & [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives|Comaratives and Superlatives]].</span>
{{#seo:
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|title=Serbian Grammar: Verbs Infinitives
|title=Serbian Grammar → Verbs: Infinitives
|keywords=Serbian grammar, Serbian verb, Serbian infinitives
|keywords=Serbian grammar, Serbian verbs, infinitives, Serbian language, Serbian culture
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use infinitives in Serbian conversations and express your ideas more accurately.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the concept of infinitives in Serbian grammar. We will explore their usage, provide examples, and discuss cultural insights related to this topic.
}}
}}


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==Sources==
* [https://serbonika.com/blog/serbian-language/serbian-verbs-present-tense/ 3 Groups of Serbian Verbs: the Present Tense - Serbonika]
* [https://slev.life/serbian-verbs 86 Top Serbian Verbs: Present & Past Tense Chart]
* [https://serbonika.com/blog/serbian-language/future-tense-in-serbian-and-croatian/ All Shapes of the Future Tense in Serbian and Croatian Language ...]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Pronouns:-Personal-Pronouns|Pronouns: Personal Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Pronouns:-Personal-Pronouns|Pronouns: Personal Pronouns]]


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Revision as of 11:49, 18 June 2023

◀️ Verbs: Participles — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Movies and Theater ▶️

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Serbian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs: Infinitives

Introduction

In this lesson, we will explore the concept of infinitives in Serbian. Infinitives are the base form of verbs, often referred to as the "to" form in English. Understanding infinitives is crucial for building sentences and expressing various actions in Serbian.

We will begin by discussing the importance of infinitives in the context of the Serbian language and outline the structure of this lesson. Then, we will delve into the details of infinitives, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. Additionally, we will include a cultural section to explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of infinitives and share interesting cultural facts related to the topic. Finally, we will provide exercises and practice scenarios for you to apply what you have learned.

Let's dive into the world of Serbian infinitives!

The Concept of Infinitives

Infinitives are the unconjugated form of verbs in Serbian. They express the action or state in its most basic form, without indicating the subject or tense of the verb. In English, infinitives are typically preceded by the word "to," such as "to eat," "to sleep," or "to study."

In Serbian, infinitives are formed by removing the infinitive suffix -ti from the verb stem. For example, the infinitive form of the verb "jesti" (to eat) is "jesti," and the infinitive form of the verb "spavati" (to sleep) is "spavati."

Let's take a look at some examples of Serbian infinitives:

Serbian Pronunciation English
jesti /jɛsti/ to eat
spavati /spavati/ to sleep
učiti /uːtʃiti/ to study
pisati /pisati/ to write

As you can see, the infinitive form of each verb remains unchanged regardless of the subject or tense of the sentence. This allows us to focus on the action or state itself.

Usage of Infinitives

Infinitives in Serbian can be used in various ways, including as the main verb in a sentence, as a complement to another verb, or as a noun.

When used as the main verb, infinitives can express actions or states. Here are some examples:

  • Želim jesti. (I want to eat.)
  • Volim spavati. (I love to sleep.)
  • Moram učiti. (I have to study.)
  • Želiš pisati? (Do you want to write?)

In these sentences, the infinitives "jesti," "spavati," "učiti," and "pisati" serve as the main verbs, indicating the action or state being expressed.

Infinitives can also function as complements to other verbs, providing additional information about the action. Here are some examples:

  • Mogu plivati. (I can swim.)
  • Želim plesati. (I want to dance.)
  • Naučio sam voziti. (I learned how to drive.)
  • Pomaže mi kuhati. (He/she helps me cook.)

In these sentences, the infinitives "plivati," "plesati," "voziti," and "kuhati" complement the main verbs "mogu," "želim," "naučio sam," and "pomaže," respectively.

Furthermore, infinitives can act as nouns in a sentence, occupying the position of a subject, object, or complement. Here are some examples:

  • Pisanje je moj hobi. (Writing is my hobby.)
  • Volim čitati knjige. (I love reading books.)
  • Uživam u putovanjima. (I enjoy traveling.)
  • Naučiti jezik je izazov. (Learning a language is a challenge.)

In these sentences, the infinitives "pisanje," "čitati," "putovanjima," and "naučiti jezik" function as nouns, representing the subject, object, or complement of the sentence.

Cultural Insights

The usage of infinitives in Serbian is generally consistent across regions. However, there are certain cultural nuances that can be observed in the choice of verbs and the contexts in which infinitives are used.

For example, Serbian cuisine places great importance on food and dining. Therefore, you may often encounter infinitives related to cooking, eating, and enjoying meals in everyday conversations. It is not uncommon for Serbians to express their love for food and the joy of sharing meals together.

Additionally, Serbia has a rich tradition of storytelling and literature. Infinitives are commonly used in Serbian literature to convey emotions, actions, and thoughts. Serbian authors often employ vivid and descriptive infinitives to create a strong visual or emotional impact on the readers.

Practice Exercises

Now, let's practice using infinitives in different contexts. Choose the appropriate form of the verb to complete each sentence:

1. Želim _______ (pevati/pesmu) na koncertu. 2. Moramo _______ (učiti/učenje) svaki dan da bismo postigli uspeh. 3. Volim _______ (čitati/knjiga) pre spavanja. 4. Da li želiš _______ (kupovati/knjigu) za mene? 5. _______ (Gledati/Gledanje) film je moj omiljeni način opuštanja.

Solutions: 1. pevati 2. učiti 3. čitati 4. kupovati 5. Gledanje

Explanation: 1. The sentence expresses a desire to sing (pevati) a song (pesmu) at the concert. 2. The sentence states that we need to study (učiti) every day to achieve success. 3. The sentence indicates a love for reading (čitati) before bedtime. 4. The question asks if you want to buy (kupovati) a book (knjigu) for me. 5. The sentence states that watching (Gledanje) a movie is my favorite way to relax.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have learned about the concept of infinitives in Serbian. Infinitives are essential for understanding and constructing sentences in Serbian. They can be used as the main verb, as a complement to another verb, or as a noun. Through the practice exercises, you have had the opportunity to apply your knowledge and deepen your understanding.

In the next lesson, we will explore another important aspect of Serbian grammar. Stay tuned and keep up the great work!

Table of Contents - Serbian Course - 0 to A1


Introduction to Serbian Grammar


Introduction to Serbian Vocabulary


Introduction to Serbian Culture


Pronouns: Possessive Pronouns


Shopping


Sports and Recreation


Adjectives: Declension


Jobs and Professions


Literature and Poetry


Verbs: Conditional


Entertainment and Media


Art and Artists


Sources


Other Lessons



◀️ Verbs: Participles — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Movies and Theater ▶️

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