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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Urdu|Urdu]]  → [[Language/Urdu/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Urdu/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Sentence Structure → Verbs and Tenses</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Urdu|Urdu]]  → [[Language/Urdu/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Urdu/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses</div>
 
Welcome to the fascinating world of Urdu grammar! In this lesson, we will dive deep into '''verbs and tenses''', crucial components that form the backbone of any language. Mastering verbs will empower you to express actions and states of being, while understanding tenses will help convey when those actions occur. Whether you're recounting a story from the past, describing a current event, or planning for the future, verbs and tenses are your best friends.
 
In Urdu, verbs are not just mere actions; they embody the essence of communication, allowing you to connect with others and share experiences. Tenses further enhance this connection by specifying the timing of those actions. As beginners, grasping these concepts will lay a strong foundation for your journey toward becoming proficient in Urdu.
 
In this lesson, we will cover:
 
* '''Understanding Urdu Verbs'''
 
* '''The Structure of Tenses'''
 
* '''Present Tense, Past Tense, and Future Tense'''
 
* '''Examples of Usage'''
 
* '''Practice Exercises to Reinforce Learning'''


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Understanding Urdu Verbs ===
 
Verbs in Urdu are known as '''' فعل' (fail)'''. They are an essential part of speech and indicate actions, occurrences, or states of being. Just like in English, verbs can vary in form based on tense, subject, and number. Understanding how to conjugate verbs is fundamental to forming sentences.
 
Here are some key characteristics of Urdu verbs:
 
* '''Transitive and Intransitive Verbs''':
 
* Transitive verbs require an object (e.g., "I eat an apple" - "میں سیب کھاتا ہوں").
 
* Intransitive verbs do not require an object (e.g., "I run" - "میں دوڑتا ہوں").
 
* '''Conjugation''':
 
* Verbs change form based on the subject's gender and number.
 
* '''Root Form''':
 
* The root form of a verb typically ends in 'نا' (na), such as '''کھانا (khana)''' for "to eat" or '''پڑھنا (parhna)''' for "to read".
 
=== The Structure of Tenses ===
 
Urdu has three primary tenses:


In this lesson, we will dive into the world of Urdu verbs and tenses. Verbs are an essential part of any language, as they help us express actions and states. Understanding how to conjugate verbs in different tenses is crucial for effective communication in Urdu. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in Urdu verb conjugation and be able to construct sentences with confidence.
* '''Present Tense''': Describes actions happening now or habitual actions.


== Verbs in Urdu ==
* '''Past Tense''': Describes actions that have already happened.


=== Types of Verbs ===
* '''Future Tense''': Describes actions that will happen.


In Urdu, verbs can be classified into three main types: Transitive Verbs, Intransitive Verbs, and Auxiliary Verbs.
Each tense can be further categorized into simple, continuous, and perfect forms, which allows for more nuanced expression.
 
==== Present Tense ====
 
The present tense in Urdu can be divided into several forms. The simplest form is the '''simple present tense''', used for habitual actions or general truths.
 
* '''Affirmative''': Subject + Verb (conjugated for subject) + Object
 
* '''Negative''': Subject + نہیں (nahi) + Verb + Object
 
* '''Interrogative''': کیا (kya) + Subject + Verb + Object?
 
Here’s how we can visualize this with examples:


1. Transitive Verbs: These verbs require a direct object to complete their meaning. They express an action that is done to someone or something. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| کھانا || khaana || to eat
 
| میں کھاتا ہوں || Main khata hun || I eat
 
|-
|-
| لکھنا || likhna || to write
 
| میں نہیں کھاتا ہوں || Main nahi khata hun || I do not eat
 
|-
|-
| پڑھنا || parhna || to read
 
| کیا میں کھاتا ہوں؟ || Kya main khata hun? || Do I eat?
 
|}
|}


2. Intransitive Verbs: These verbs do not require a direct object and express an action that is not done to someone or something. For example:
==== Past Tense ====
 
The past tense is used to describe actions that have already occurred. It can be simple, continuous, or perfect.
 
* '''Simple Past''': Subject + Verb (past form) + Object
 
* '''Negative Past''': Subject + نہیں (nahi) + Verb (past form) + Object
 
* '''Interrogative Past''': کیا (kya) + Subject + Verb (past form) + Object?
 
Let’s see this in action:
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| سونا || sona || to sleep
 
| میں نے کھایا || Main ne khaya || I ate
 
|-
|-
| چلنا || chalna || to walk
 
| میں نے نہیں کھایا || Main ne nahi khaya || I did not eat
 
|-
|-
| مسکنا || muskurana || to smile
 
| کیا میں نے کھایا؟ || Kya main ne khaya? || Did I eat?
 
|}
|}


3. Auxiliary Verbs: These verbs are used in conjunction with other verbs to express tense, mood, or voice. They help in forming compound tenses and are an integral part of Urdu grammar. For example:
==== Future Tense ====
 
Future tense indicates actions that will happen. The structure is similar to the past tense.
 
* '''Simple Future''': Subject + Verb (future form) + Object
 
* '''Negative Future''': Subject + نہیں (nahi) + Verb (future form) + Object
 
* '''Interrogative Future''': کیا (kya) + Subject + Verb (future form) + Object?
 
Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ہونا || hona || to be
 
| میں کھاؤں گا || Main khau ga || I will eat
 
|-
|-
| جانا || jaana || to go
 
| میں نہیں کھاؤں گا || Main nahi khau ga || I will not eat
 
|-
|-
| آنا || aana || to come
 
| کیا میں کھاؤں گا؟ || Kya main khau ga? || Will I eat?
 
|}
|}


=== Verb Conjugation ===
=== Summary of Tenses ===


Conjugating verbs in different tenses is an important aspect of Urdu grammar. It allows us to express actions and states in the past, present, and future. Let's take a look at how verbs are conjugated in different tenses.
Before we move on to exercises, let’s summarize the structures for each tense:


1. Present Tense: The present tense is used to talk about actions happening at the moment or habitual actions. In Urdu, the present tense is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Here are some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Tense !! Affirmative !! Negative !! Interrogative
 
|-
|-
| کھاتا ہوں || khaata hoon || I eat
 
| Present || Subject + Verb + Object || Subject + نہیں + Verb + Object || کیا + Subject + Verb + Object?
 
|-
|-
| لکھتی ہیں || likhti hain || She writes
 
| Past || Subject + Verb (past) + Object || Subject + نہیں + Verb (past) + Object || کیا + Subject + Verb (past) + Object?
 
|-
|-
| پڑھتے ہیں || parhte hain || They read
 
| Future || Subject + Verb (future) + Object || Subject + نہیں + Verb (future) + Object || کیا + Subject + Verb (future) + Object?
 
|}
|}


2. Past Tense: The past tense is used to talk about actions that have already happened. In Urdu, the past tense is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Here are some examples:
=== Practice Exercises ===
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
Now that we have covered the essentials of verbs and tenses, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to practice what you've learned:
|-
 
| کھایا تھا || khaaya tha || I ate
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
|-
 
| لکھی تھی || likhi thi || She wrote
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb "to eat" (کھانا).
|-
 
| پڑھے تھے || parhe the || They read
1. میں _____ ہوں۔ (I eat)
|}
 
2. میں _____ کھایا۔ (I ate)
 
3. میں _____ گا۔ (I will eat)
 
'''Solutions''':
 
1. میں کھاتا ہوں (Main khata hun).
 
2. میں نے کھایا (Main ne khaya).
 
3. میں کھاؤں گا (Main khau ga).
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate to Urdu ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Urdu.
 
1. I do not run.
 
2. Did I read?
 
3. I will not sing.
 
'''Solutions''':
 
1. میں نہیں دوڑتا ہوں (Main nahi daurta hun).
 
2. کیا میں نے پڑھا؟ (Kya main ne parha?)
 
3. میں نہیں گاؤں گا (Main nahi gaoun ga).
 
==== Exercise 3: Identify the Tense ====
 
Identify the tense of the following sentences.
 
1. میں پڑھتا ہوں۔
 
2. میں نے کھایا۔
 
3. میں کھاؤں گا۔
 
'''Solutions''':
 
1. Present Tense
 
2. Past Tense
 
3. Future Tense
 
==== Exercise 4: Create Sentences ====
 
Use the verb "to play" (کھیلنا) to create sentences in all three tenses.
 
'''Solutions''':
 
1. Present: میں کھیلتا ہوں (Main khelta hun) - I play.
 
2. Past: میں نے کھیلا (Main ne khela) - I played.
 
3. Future: میں کھیلوں گا (Main khelon ga) - I will play.
 
==== Exercise 5: Negative Form ====
 
Convert the following sentences into their negative form.
 
1. میں دوڑتا ہوں۔
 
2. میں نے دیکھا۔
 
3. میں پڑھوں گا۔
 
'''Solutions''':
 
1. میں نہیں دوڑتا ہوں (Main nahi daurta hun).
 
2. میں نے نہیں دیکھا (Main ne nahi dekha).
 
3. میں نہیں پڑھوں گا (Main nahi parhon ga).
 
==== Exercise 6: Interrogative Form ====
 
Convert the following sentences into their interrogative form.
 
1. میں کھاتا ہوں۔
 
2. میں نے لکھا۔
 
3. میں آؤں گا۔
 
'''Solutions''':
 
1. کیا میں کھاتا ہوں؟ (Kya main khata hun?)
 
2. کیا میں نے لکھا؟ (Kya main ne likha?)
 
3. کیا میں آؤں گا؟ (Kya main aoun ga?)
 
==== Exercise 7: Verb Conjugation ====
 
Conjugate the verb "to go" (جانا) in all three tenses for the first person singular.
 
'''Solutions''':
 
1. Present: میں جاتا ہوں (Main jata hun) - I go.
 
2. Past: میں نے گیا (Main ne gaya) - I went.
 
3. Future: میں جاؤں گا (Main jaoun ga) - I will go.


3. Future Tense: The future tense is used to talk about actions that will happen in the future. In Urdu, the future tense is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Here are some examples:
==== Exercise 8: Verb Matching ====
{| class="wikitable"
! Urdu !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| کھاؤں گا || khaaunga || I will eat
|-
| لکھیں گی || likhegi || She will write
|-
| پڑھیں گے || parhenge || They will read
|}


=== Verb Agreement ===
Match the verbs with their correct English translations.


In Urdu, verbs agree with the gender and number of the subject. Let's take a look at how verb agreement works in different scenarios.
1. کھانا


1. Singular Subject: When the subject is singular, the verb is conjugated accordingly. For example:
2. پڑھنا
* میں کھاتا ہوں ۔ (I eat)
* وہ لکھتی ہے ۔ (She writes)
* تم پڑھتے ہو ۔ (You read)


2. Plural Subject: When the subject is plural, the verb is conjugated differently. For example:
3. کھیلنا
* ہم کھاتے ہیں ۔ (We eat)
* وہ لکھتے ہیں ۔ (They write)
* تم پڑھتے ہو ۔ (You all read)


3. Gender Agreement: In Urdu, verbs also agree with the gender of the subject. For example:
'''Solutions''':
* میں کھاتا ہوں ۔ (I eat - for masculine subjects)
* میں کھاتی ہوں ۔ (I eat - for feminine subjects)


== Cultural Insights ==
1. کھانا - to eat


Urdu, being the national language of Pakistan, is deeply intertwined with the culture and history of the region. The usage and understanding of verbs and tenses in Urdu may vary slightly in different regions due to dialectical differences and historical influences.
2. پڑھنا - to read


For example, in certain regions of Pakistan, the use of honorifics is more prevalent when conjugating verbs. Honorifics are respectful terms used to address someone with higher status or age. These honorifics are often incorporated into the verb forms to show respect and politeness. It is important to be aware of these cultural nuances when communicating in Urdu.
3. کھیلنا - to play


Additionally, Urdu poetry and literature play a significant role in shaping the language. Many Urdu verbs find their way into beautiful and expressive poetry, adding depth and emotion to the language. Exploring Urdu poetry can provide a deeper understanding of the usage and context of verbs in the language.
==== Exercise 9: Create a Short Paragraph ====


== Practice Exercises ==
Write a short paragraph about your daily routine using different tenses.


Now that we have learned about Urdu verbs and tenses, let's put our knowledge into practice with some exercises.
'''Example Solution''':


Exercise 1: Conjugate the given verbs in the present tense according to the subject provided.
میں ہر صبح اٹھتا ہوں (I wake up every morning). میں ناشتہ کرتا ہوں (I have breakfast). کل میں نے دوپہر کا کھانا کھایا (Yesterday, I had lunch). میں شام کو دوستوں سے ملوں گا (I will meet my friends in the evening).
1. کھانا - میں
2. لکھنا - وہ
3. پڑھنا - تم


Exercise 2: Conjugate the given verbs in the past tense according to the subject provided.
==== Exercise 10: Tense Transformation ====
1. کھانا - میں
2. لکھنا - وہ
3. پڑھنا - تم


Exercise 3: Conjugate the given verbs in the future tense according to the subject provided.
Transform the following sentence into all three tenses.
1. کھانا - میں
2. لکھنا - وہ
3. پڑھنا - تم


== Exercise Solutions ==
1. I write.


Exercise 1:
'''Solutions''':
1. میں کھاتا ہوں ۔ (I eat)
2. وہ لکھتی ہے ۔ (She writes)
3. تم پڑھتے ہو ۔ (You read)


Exercise 2:
1. Present: میں لکھتا ہوں (Main likhta hun).
1. میں کھایا تھا ۔ (I ate)
2. وہ لکھی تھی ۔ (She wrote)
3. تم پڑھے تھے ۔ (You read)


Exercise 3:
2. Past: میں نے لکھا (Main ne likha).
1. میں کھاؤں گا ۔ (I will eat)
2. وہ لکھیں گی ۔ (She will write)
3. تم پڑھیں گے ۔ (You will read)


== Conclusion ==
3. Future: میں لکھوں گا (Main likhon ga).


Congratulations on completing the lesson on Urdu verbs and tenses! You have learned about the different types of verbs, how to conjugate them in different tenses, and the importance of verb agreement. Keep practicing and applying this knowledge in your conversations to enhance your Urdu language skills. In the next lesson, we will explore adjectives and adverbs in Urdu grammar.
Congratulations on completing this lesson! By mastering verbs and tenses, you're well on your way to expressing yourself in Urdu effectively. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to revisit this material whenever you need a refresher.


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|title=Urdu Grammar → Basic Sentence Structure → Verbs and Tenses
 
|keywords=Urdu grammar, Urdu verbs, Urdu tenses, Urdu conjugation, Urdu language
|title=Urdu Grammar Verbs and Tenses
|description=Learn about Urdu verbs, their types, and how to conjugate them in different tenses. This lesson will help you understand the role of verbs in Urdu grammar and how to express actions and states.
 
|keywords=Urdu grammar, verbs, tenses, learn Urdu, Urdu for beginners
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Urdu verbs and tenses, their structures, and how to use them in sentences. Perfect for beginners!
 
}}
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 05:15, 1 August 2024

◀️ Nouns and Pronouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Adjectives and Adverbs ▶️

Urdu-Language-PolyglotClub.png
UrduGrammar0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses

Welcome to the fascinating world of Urdu grammar! In this lesson, we will dive deep into verbs and tenses, crucial components that form the backbone of any language. Mastering verbs will empower you to express actions and states of being, while understanding tenses will help convey when those actions occur. Whether you're recounting a story from the past, describing a current event, or planning for the future, verbs and tenses are your best friends.

In Urdu, verbs are not just mere actions; they embody the essence of communication, allowing you to connect with others and share experiences. Tenses further enhance this connection by specifying the timing of those actions. As beginners, grasping these concepts will lay a strong foundation for your journey toward becoming proficient in Urdu.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • Understanding Urdu Verbs
  • The Structure of Tenses
  • Present Tense, Past Tense, and Future Tense
  • Examples of Usage
  • Practice Exercises to Reinforce Learning

Understanding Urdu Verbs[edit | edit source]

Verbs in Urdu are known as ' فعل' (fail). They are an essential part of speech and indicate actions, occurrences, or states of being. Just like in English, verbs can vary in form based on tense, subject, and number. Understanding how to conjugate verbs is fundamental to forming sentences.

Here are some key characteristics of Urdu verbs:

  • Transitive and Intransitive Verbs:
  • Transitive verbs require an object (e.g., "I eat an apple" - "میں سیب کھاتا ہوں").
  • Intransitive verbs do not require an object (e.g., "I run" - "میں دوڑتا ہوں").
  • Conjugation:
  • Verbs change form based on the subject's gender and number.
  • Root Form:
  • The root form of a verb typically ends in 'نا' (na), such as کھانا (khana) for "to eat" or پڑھنا (parhna) for "to read".

The Structure of Tenses[edit | edit source]

Urdu has three primary tenses:

  • Present Tense: Describes actions happening now or habitual actions.
  • Past Tense: Describes actions that have already happened.
  • Future Tense: Describes actions that will happen.

Each tense can be further categorized into simple, continuous, and perfect forms, which allows for more nuanced expression.

Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense in Urdu can be divided into several forms. The simplest form is the simple present tense, used for habitual actions or general truths.

  • Affirmative: Subject + Verb (conjugated for subject) + Object
  • Negative: Subject + نہیں (nahi) + Verb + Object
  • Interrogative: کیا (kya) + Subject + Verb + Object?

Here’s how we can visualize this with examples:

Urdu Pronunciation English
میں کھاتا ہوں Main khata hun I eat
میں نہیں کھاتا ہوں Main nahi khata hun I do not eat
کیا میں کھاتا ہوں؟ Kya main khata hun? Do I eat?

Past Tense[edit | edit source]

The past tense is used to describe actions that have already occurred. It can be simple, continuous, or perfect.

  • Simple Past: Subject + Verb (past form) + Object
  • Negative Past: Subject + نہیں (nahi) + Verb (past form) + Object
  • Interrogative Past: کیا (kya) + Subject + Verb (past form) + Object?

Let’s see this in action:

Urdu Pronunciation English
میں نے کھایا Main ne khaya I ate
میں نے نہیں کھایا Main ne nahi khaya I did not eat
کیا میں نے کھایا؟ Kya main ne khaya? Did I eat?

Future Tense[edit | edit source]

Future tense indicates actions that will happen. The structure is similar to the past tense.

  • Simple Future: Subject + Verb (future form) + Object
  • Negative Future: Subject + نہیں (nahi) + Verb (future form) + Object
  • Interrogative Future: کیا (kya) + Subject + Verb (future form) + Object?

Here are some examples:

Urdu Pronunciation English
میں کھاؤں گا Main khau ga I will eat
میں نہیں کھاؤں گا Main nahi khau ga I will not eat
کیا میں کھاؤں گا؟ Kya main khau ga? Will I eat?

Summary of Tenses[edit | edit source]

Before we move on to exercises, let’s summarize the structures for each tense:

Tense Affirmative Negative Interrogative
Present Subject + Verb + Object Subject + نہیں + Verb + Object کیا + Subject + Verb + Object?
Past Subject + Verb (past) + Object Subject + نہیں + Verb (past) + Object کیا + Subject + Verb (past) + Object?
Future Subject + Verb (future) + Object Subject + نہیں + Verb (future) + Object کیا + Subject + Verb (future) + Object?

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we have covered the essentials of verbs and tenses, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to practice what you've learned:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb "to eat" (کھانا).

1. میں _____ ہوں۔ (I eat)

2. میں _____ کھایا۔ (I ate)

3. میں _____ گا۔ (I will eat)

Solutions:

1. میں کھاتا ہوں (Main khata hun).

2. میں نے کھایا (Main ne khaya).

3. میں کھاؤں گا (Main khau ga).

Exercise 2: Translate to Urdu[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Urdu.

1. I do not run.

2. Did I read?

3. I will not sing.

Solutions:

1. میں نہیں دوڑتا ہوں (Main nahi daurta hun).

2. کیا میں نے پڑھا؟ (Kya main ne parha?)

3. میں نہیں گاؤں گا (Main nahi gaoun ga).

Exercise 3: Identify the Tense[edit | edit source]

Identify the tense of the following sentences.

1. میں پڑھتا ہوں۔

2. میں نے کھایا۔

3. میں کھاؤں گا۔

Solutions:

1. Present Tense

2. Past Tense

3. Future Tense

Exercise 4: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Use the verb "to play" (کھیلنا) to create sentences in all three tenses.

Solutions:

1. Present: میں کھیلتا ہوں (Main khelta hun) - I play.

2. Past: میں نے کھیلا (Main ne khela) - I played.

3. Future: میں کھیلوں گا (Main khelon ga) - I will play.

Exercise 5: Negative Form[edit | edit source]

Convert the following sentences into their negative form.

1. میں دوڑتا ہوں۔

2. میں نے دیکھا۔

3. میں پڑھوں گا۔

Solutions:

1. میں نہیں دوڑتا ہوں (Main nahi daurta hun).

2. میں نے نہیں دیکھا (Main ne nahi dekha).

3. میں نہیں پڑھوں گا (Main nahi parhon ga).

Exercise 6: Interrogative Form[edit | edit source]

Convert the following sentences into their interrogative form.

1. میں کھاتا ہوں۔

2. میں نے لکھا۔

3. میں آؤں گا۔

Solutions:

1. کیا میں کھاتا ہوں؟ (Kya main khata hun?)

2. کیا میں نے لکھا؟ (Kya main ne likha?)

3. کیا میں آؤں گا؟ (Kya main aoun ga?)

Exercise 7: Verb Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the verb "to go" (جانا) in all three tenses for the first person singular.

Solutions:

1. Present: میں جاتا ہوں (Main jata hun) - I go.

2. Past: میں نے گیا (Main ne gaya) - I went.

3. Future: میں جاؤں گا (Main jaoun ga) - I will go.

Exercise 8: Verb Matching[edit | edit source]

Match the verbs with their correct English translations.

1. کھانا

2. پڑھنا

3. کھیلنا

Solutions:

1. کھانا - to eat

2. پڑھنا - to read

3. کھیلنا - to play

Exercise 9: Create a Short Paragraph[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph about your daily routine using different tenses.

Example Solution:

میں ہر صبح اٹھتا ہوں (I wake up every morning). میں ناشتہ کرتا ہوں (I have breakfast). کل میں نے دوپہر کا کھانا کھایا (Yesterday, I had lunch). میں شام کو دوستوں سے ملوں گا (I will meet my friends in the evening).

Exercise 10: Tense Transformation[edit | edit source]

Transform the following sentence into all three tenses.

1. I write.

Solutions:

1. Present: میں لکھتا ہوں (Main likhta hun).

2. Past: میں نے لکھا (Main ne likha).

3. Future: میں لکھوں گا (Main likhon ga).

Congratulations on completing this lesson! By mastering verbs and tenses, you're well on your way to expressing yourself in Urdu effectively. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to revisit this material whenever you need a refresher.

Videos[edit | edit source]

33 Essential Verbs in Urdu - Absolute Beginners - YouTube[edit | edit source]

How to Conjugate Urdu Verbs in Continuous Tense - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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