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German → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Separable Verbs

Welcome to this exciting lesson on separable verbs in the German language! As you embark on your journey to learn German, understanding separable verbs is a crucial step that will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively. Separable verbs are unique because they consist of a verb and a prefix that changes the meaning of the verb. In sentences, this prefix often separates from the verb, which can be quite different from how verbs function in English.

In this lesson, we will explore the concept of separable verbs in detail and learn how to use them in appropriate sentences. We'll start with an introduction to what separable verbs are, follow up with a variety of examples, and eventually dive into exercises to solidify your understanding.

So, let’s get started!

What are Separable Verbs?[edit | edit source]

Separable verbs in German are verbs that have a prefix which can be detached from the verb itself when forming sentences. The prefix can usually be found at the end of the sentence, while the main verb remains in its conjugated form. This is different from English, where verb prefixes typically stay attached.

For example:

aufstehen (to get up)

When you say "Ich stehe auf," (I get up), auf (up) separates from stehen (to stand).

Separable verbs can express various actions, movements, or changes in state. They are commonly used in daily conversation, making it essential for you to learn how to use them properly.

Common Separable Prefixes[edit | edit source]

Here are some of the most common prefixes used with separable verbs:

ab- (off, down)

an- (on, at)

auf- (up, open)

ein- (in, into)

mit- (with)

vor- (before)

zu- (to, closed)

weg- (away)

Each prefix can significantly alter the meaning of the base verb.

Examples of Separable Verbs[edit | edit source]

Let’s look at some examples of separable verbs and how they work in sentences. Below is a table with 20 examples, showcasing the German verb, its pronunciation, and English translation.

German	Pronunciation	English
aufstehen	ˈaʊfˌʃteːən	to get up
abfahren	ˈapˌfaːʁən	to depart
ankommen	ˈanˌkɔmən	to arrive
aufräumen	ˈaʊfˌʁɔɪ̯mən	to clean up
einkaufen	ˈaɪ̯nˌkaʊ̯fən	to shop
mitbringen	ˈmɪtˌbʁɪŋən	to bring along
vorlesen	ˈfoːʁˌleːzən	to read aloud
zuhören	ˈtsuːˌhøːʁən	to listen
weggehen	ˈvɛkˌɡeːən	to go away
mitmachen	ˈmɪtˌmaχən	to participate
aufmachen	ˈaʊfˌmaχən	to open up
einsteigen	ˈaɪ̯nˌʃtaɪ̯ɡən	to board
umziehen	ʊmˈtsiːən	to move (to a different place)
anrufen	ˈanˌʁuːfən	to call (on the phone)
aussteigen	ˈaʊsˌʃtaɪ̯ɡən	to get off (a vehicle)
mitkommen	ˈmɪtˌkɔmən	to come along
vorzeigen	ˈfoːʁˌtsaɪ̯ɡən	to show
aufessen	ˈaʊfˌɛsən	to finish eating
anziehen	ˈanˌtsiːən	to put on (clothes)
abholen	ˈapˌhoːlən	to pick up

How to Use Separable Verbs in Sentences[edit | edit source]

When you use separable verbs in a sentence, the prefix separates from the verb and moves to the end of the sentence. This structure may feel strange at first, but with practice, it will become second nature.

Structure: Subject + conjugated separable verb + prefix + other elements.

For example:

Ich stehe um 7 Uhr auf. (I get up at 7 o'clock.)

Er fährt morgen ab. (He departs tomorrow.)

Here, you can see how the prefix (auf, ab) has moved to the end of the sentence.

Practice Makes Perfect: Exercises[edit | edit source]

To help you practice what you've learned about separable verbs, here are some exercises. Try to complete them on your own before checking the solutions.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate separable verb from the list below:

aufstehen

einkaufen

ankommen

1. Ich _______ um 8 Uhr.

2. Sie _______ morgen um 10 Uhr.

3. Wir _______ heute im Supermarkt.

Exercise 2: Match the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Match the German sentences with their English translations.

1. Ich mache das Fenster auf.

2. Er bringt seine Freunde mit.

3. Wir hören Musik zu.

A. We listen to music.

B. I open the window.

C. He brings his friends along.

Exercise 3: Sentence Formation[edit | edit source]

Rearrange the following words to form correct sentences using separable verbs.

1. auf / Ich / stehe / früh

2. du / anrufst / mich / nicht

3. wir / einkaufen / am Wochenende

Exercise 4: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Ich stehe jeden Tag früh auf.

2. Sie kommt um 9 Uhr an.

3. Wir kaufen ein für die Party.

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write your own sentences using the following separable verbs:

1. mitbringen

2. abfahren

3. aufräumen

Answers and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Let’s check your answers to see how you did!

Answers to Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Ich stehe um 8 Uhr auf. (I get up at 8 o'clock.)

2. Sie kommt morgen um 10 Uhr an. (She arrives tomorrow at 10 o'clock.)

3. Wir kaufen heute im Supermarkt ein. (We shop today at the supermarket.)

Answers to Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1 - B: Ich mache das Fenster auf. (I open the window.)

2 - C: Er bringt seine Freunde mit. (He brings his friends along.)

3 - A: Wir hören Musik zu. (We listen to music.)

Answers to Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. Ich stehe früh auf. (I get up early.)

2. Du rufst mich nicht an. (You do not call me.)

3. Wir kaufen am Wochenende ein. (We shop on the weekend.)

Answers to Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. I get up early every day.

2. She arrives at 9 o'clock.

3. We shop for the party.

Answers to Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary; encourage creativity and correct usage of the verbs!)

Congratulations on completing the lesson on separable verbs! You've taken a significant step in your German learning journey, and with practice, you'll become more comfortable using them in conversation. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to return to this lesson whenever you need a refresher.

Table of Contents - German Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Basic Sentence Structures

Greetings and Introduction

Definite and Indefinite Articles

Numbers, Dates and Time

Verbs and Conjugation

Family and Friends

Prepositions

Food and Drinks

Germany and German-Speaking Countries

Pronouns and Possessives

Travel and Transportation

Modal Verbs

Shopping and Clothes

Music and Entertainment

Adjectives

Health and Body

Time and Temporal Prepositions

Videos[edit | edit source]

GERMAN SEPARABLE VERBS - Learn German Grammar ...[edit | edit source]

German Separable Prefix Verbs - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Separable prefix verbs (5-Minute German Grammar) - YouTube[edit | edit source]

How to Use Separable Prefix Verbs (trennbare Verben) in German ...[edit | edit source]

Learn German | Trennbare Verben | Separable verbs | A1 - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Family Members ▶️

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 {{German-Page-Top}}
 <div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/German|German]]  → [[Language/German/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/German/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Separable Verbs</div>
+Welcome to this exciting lesson on '''separable verbs''' in the German language! As you embark on your journey to learn German, understanding separable verbs is a crucial step that will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively. Separable verbs are unique because they consist of a verb and a prefix that changes the meaning of the verb. In sentences, this prefix often separates from the verb, which can be quite different from how verbs function in English.
+In this lesson, we will explore the concept of separable verbs in detail and learn how to use them in appropriate sentences. We'll start with an introduction to what separable verbs are, follow up with a variety of examples, and eventually dive into exercises to solidify your understanding.
+So, let’s get started!
 __TOC__
-== Introduction ==
+=== What are Separable Verbs? ===
+Separable verbs in German are verbs that have a prefix which can be detached from the verb itself when forming sentences. The prefix can usually be found at the end of the sentence, while the main verb remains in its conjugated form. This is different from English, where verb prefixes typically stay attached.
+For example:
+* '''aufstehen''' (to get up)
+* When you say "Ich stehe auf," (I get up), '''auf''' (up) separates from '''stehen''' (to stand).
+Separable verbs can express various actions, movements, or changes in state. They are commonly used in daily conversation, making it essential for you to learn how to use them properly.
+=== Common Separable Prefixes ===
+Here are some of the most common prefixes used with separable verbs:
+* '''ab-''' (off, down)
+* '''an-''' (on, at)
+* '''auf-''' (up, open)
+* '''ein-''' (in, into)
+* '''mit-''' (with)
+* '''vor-''' (before)
+* '''zu-''' (to, closed)
+* '''weg-''' (away)
+Each prefix can significantly alter the meaning of the base verb.
+=== Examples of Separable Verbs ===
+Let’s look at some examples of separable verbs and how they work in sentences. Below is a table with 20 examples, showcasing the German verb, its pronunciation, and English translation.
+{| class="wikitable"
-In the previous lessons of our "Complete 0 to A1 German Course," we have covered various aspects of German grammar, including basic sentence structures, greetings and introductions, articles, numbers, verbs and conjugation, and many more. In this lesson, we will dive deeper into the world of German verbs and explore the concept of separable verbs. Understanding separable verbs is crucial for building more complex sentences and expressing various actions and activities in German. So, let's get started!
+! German !! Pronunciation !! English
-== What are Separable Verbs? ==
+|-
-Separable verbs, also known as "trennbare Verben" in German, are verbs that consist of a prefix and a base verb. The unique characteristic of separable verbs is that the prefix can be separated from the base verb and placed at the end of the sentence or clause. This separation often occurs when the verb is conjugated or used in a sentence structure that requires the separation. The prefix itself carries additional meaning and can change the overall meaning of the verb.
+| aufstehen || ˈaʊfˌʃteːən || to get up
-For example, let's take the separable verb "anfangen," which means "to begin." The prefix "an-" indicates the starting point or the beginning of an action. When using this verb in a sentence, the prefix is separated from the base verb and placed at the end:
+|-
-- Ich fange mit der Arbeit an. (I start with the work.)
+| abfahren || ˈapˌfaːʁən || to depart
-In this example, "anfangen" is separated into "an-" and "fangen," and the prefix "an-" is placed at the end of the sentence. Notice how the meaning of the verb changes when the prefix is separated and placed at the end.
+|-
-== How to Use Separable Verbs ==
+| ankommen || ˈanˌkɔmən || to arrive
-To use separable verbs correctly, it is important to understand the various sentence structures and conjugation patterns associated with them. Let's explore some of the key aspects of using separable verbs in German.
+|-
-=== Sentence Structure ===
+| aufräumen || ˈaʊfˌʁɔɪ̯mən || to clean up
-When using separable verbs in a sentence, the prefix is separated from the base verb and placed at the end. The base verb remains in its original position in the sentence. Here's an example:
+|-
-- Ich stehe um 7 Uhr auf. (I get up at 7 o'clock.)
+| einkaufen || ˈaɪ̯nˌkaʊ̯fən || to shop
-In this example, "aufstehen" (to get up) is a separable verb. The prefix "auf-" is separated and placed at the end of the sentence, while the base verb "stehen" (to stand) remains in its original position.
+|-
-=== Conjugation ===
+| mitbringen || ˈmɪtˌbʁɪŋən || to bring along
-Conjugating separable verbs follows the same patterns as regular verbs in German. The only difference is that the prefix remains unchanged throughout the conjugation process. Let's take the separable verb "mitbringen" (to bring along) as an example:
+|-
-- Ich bringe meine Freunde zur Party mit. (I bring my friends along to the party.)
+| vorlesen || ˈfoːʁˌleːzən || to read aloud
-- Du bringst deine Schwester zum Bahnhof mit. (You bring your sister to the train station.)
-- Er/sie/es bringt einen Kuchen zum Kaffeetrinken mit. (He/she/it brings a cake along for the coffee get-together.)
-- Wir bringen Geschenke für die Gastgeber mit. (We bring gifts for the hosts.)
-- Ihr bringt gute Laune mit. (You bring good mood along.)
-- Sie bringen ihre Hunde in den Park mit. (They bring their dogs to the park.)
-In these examples, you can see that the base verb "bringen" is conjugated according to the subject, while the prefix "mit-" remains unchanged.
+|-
-=== Word Order ===
+| zuhören || ˈtsuːˌhøːʁən || to listen
-When using separable verbs in a sentence, the word order is slightly different compared to regular verbs. Here's the typical word order for a separable verb sentence:
+|-
-. Subject
+| weggehen || ˈvɛkˌɡeːən || to go away
-. Time or manner adverbials
-. Prefix (separated)
-. Base verb
-. Direct object
-. Indirect object
-Let's see an example:
+|-
-- Ich stehe um 7 Uhr auf.
+| mitmachen || ˈmɪtˌmaχən || to participate
-- (I get up at 7 o'clock.)
-In this example, the subject "ich" (I) comes first, followed by the time adverbial "um 7 Uhr" (at 7 o'clock). The separable verb "aufstehen" is separated, with the prefix "auf-" placed at the end, and the base verb "stehen" remains in its original position.
+|-
-=== Separable Verb Prefixes ===
+| aufmachen || ˈaʊfˌmaχən || to open up
-German has a variety of separable verb prefixes that can change the meaning of the base verb. Here are some common separable verb prefixes and their meanings:
+|-
-- ab- (off, away): abfahren (to depart), abnehmen (to decrease)
+| einsteigen || ˈaɪ̯nˌʃtaɪ̯ɡən || to board
-- an- (on, at): anfangen (to begin), anrufen (to call)
-- auf- (up, open): aufmachen (to open), aufstehen (to get up)
-- aus- (out, off): aussteigen (to get off), aussehen (to look)
-- ein- (in, into): eintreten (to enter), einladen (to invite)
-- mit- (with): mitbringen (to bring along), mitkommen (to come along)
-- vor- (before): vorbereiten (to prepare), vorstellen (to imagine)
-- weg- (away): weggehen (to go away), wegwerfen (to throw away)
-- zu- (to, toward): zubereiten (to prepare), zukommen (to approach)
-These prefixes can significantly alter the meaning of the base verb, so it's essential to understand their meanings to use separable verbs correctly.
+|-
-== Examples of Separable Verbs ==
+| umziehen || ʊmˈtsiːən || to move (to a different place)
-Let's explore some examples of separable verbs in different contexts:
+|-
-=== Daily Routines ===
+| anrufen || ˈanˌʁuːfən || to call (on the phone)
-- Ich stehe um 7 Uhr auf. (I get up at 7 o'clock.)
+|-
-- Er fängt früh mit der Arbeit an. (He starts work early.)
-- Sie macht die Tür auf. (She opens the door.)
-- Wir fahren um 8 Uhr ab. (We leave at 8 o'clock.)
-- Ihr kommt heute Abend vorbei. (You come by tonight.)
-- Sie gehen gern spazieren. (They like to go for a walk.)
-=== Travel and Transportation ===
+| aussteigen || ˈaʊsˌʃtaɪ̯ɡən || to get off (a vehicle)
-- Ich steige am Hauptbahnhof um. (I change trains at the main train station.)
+|-
-- Er bringt seinen Koffer mit. (He brings his suitcase along.)
-- Sie setzen sich ins Auto. (They get into the car.)
-- Wir steigen aus dem Flugzeug aus. (We get off the plane.)
-- Ihr steigt am nächsten Halt aus. (You get off at the next stop.)
-- Sie kommen zu uns ins Hotel. (They come to our hotel.)
-=== Social Interactions ===
+| mitkommen || ˈmɪtˌkɔmən || to come along
-- Ich rufe meine Freundin an. (I call my friend.)
+|-
-- Er lädt seine Familie zum Essen ein. (He invites his family for dinner.)
-- Sie kommen mit zur Party. (They come along to the party.)
-- Wir bringen Geschenke mit. (We bring gifts along.)
-- Ihr geht ins Kino. (You go to the cinema.)
-- Sie kommen zum Essen vorbei. (They come over for dinner.)
-== Conclusion ==
+| vorzeigen || ˈfoːʁˌtsaɪ̯ɡən || to show
-In this lesson, we have explored the concept of separable verbs in German. We have learned that separable verbs consist of a prefix and a base verb, and the prefix can be separated and placed at the end of the sentence or clause. Understanding how to use separable verbs correctly is crucial for expressing various actions and activities in German. By mastering the use of separable verbs, you will be able to build more complex sentences and communicate more effectively in German. Keep practicing and expanding your vocabulary, and soon you will become more confident in using separable verbs in your German conversations.
+|-
+| aufessen || ˈaʊfˌɛsən || to finish eating
+|-
+| anziehen || ˈanˌtsiːən || to put on (clothes)
+|-
+| abholen || ˈapˌhoːlən || to pick up
+|}
+=== How to Use Separable Verbs in Sentences ===
+When you use separable verbs in a sentence, the prefix separates from the verb and moves to the end of the sentence. This structure may feel strange at first, but with practice, it will become second nature.
+* '''Structure''': Subject + conjugated separable verb + prefix + other elements.
+For example:
+* '''Ich stehe um 7 Uhr auf.''' (I get up at 7 o'clock.)
+* '''Er fährt morgen ab.''' (He departs tomorrow.)
+Here, you can see how the prefix (auf, ab) has moved to the end of the sentence.
+=== Practice Makes Perfect: Exercises ===
+To help you practice what you've learned about separable verbs, here are some exercises. Try to complete them on your own before checking the solutions.
+==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
+Fill in the blanks with the appropriate separable verb from the list below:
+* aufstehen
+* einkaufen
+* ankommen
+. Ich _______ um 8 Uhr.
+. Sie _______ morgen um 10 Uhr.
+. Wir _______ heute im Supermarkt.
+==== Exercise 2: Match the Sentences ====
+Match the German sentences with their English translations.
+. Ich mache das Fenster auf.
+. Er bringt seine Freunde mit.
+. Wir hören Musik zu.
+A. We listen to music.
+B. I open the window.
+C. He brings his friends along.
+==== Exercise 3: Sentence Formation ====
+Rearrange the following words to form correct sentences using separable verbs.
+. auf / Ich / stehe / früh
+. du / anrufst / mich / nicht
+. wir / einkaufen / am Wochenende
+==== Exercise 4: Translate the Sentences ====
+Translate the following sentences into English.
+. Ich stehe jeden Tag früh auf.
+. Sie kommt um 9 Uhr an.
+. Wir kaufen ein für die Party.
+==== Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences ====
+Write your own sentences using the following separable verbs:
+. mitbringen
+. abfahren
+. aufräumen
+=== Answers and Explanations ===
+Let’s check your answers to see how you did!
+==== Answers to Exercise 1 ====
+. Ich '''stehe''' um 8 Uhr '''auf'''. (I get up at 8 o'clock.)
+. Sie '''kommt''' morgen um 10 Uhr '''an'''. (She arrives tomorrow at 10 o'clock.)
+. Wir '''kaufen''' heute im Supermarkt '''ein'''. (We shop today at the supermarket.)
+==== Answers to Exercise 2 ====
+- B: Ich mache das Fenster auf. (I open the window.)
+- C: Er bringt seine Freunde mit. (He brings his friends along.)
+- A: Wir hören Musik zu. (We listen to music.)
+==== Answers to Exercise 3 ====
+. Ich stehe früh auf. (I get up early.)
+. Du rufst mich nicht an. (You do not call me.)
+. Wir kaufen am Wochenende ein. (We shop on the weekend.)
+==== Answers to Exercise 4 ====
+. I get up early every day.
+. She arrives at 9 o'clock.
+. We shop for the party.
+==== Answers to Exercise 5 ====
+(Answers will vary; encourage creativity and correct usage of the verbs!)
+Congratulations on completing the lesson on separable verbs! You've taken a significant step in your German learning journey, and with practice, you'll become more comfortable using them in conversation. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to return to this lesson whenever you need a refresher.
 {{#seo:
-|title=German Grammar → Separable Verbs
-|keywords=German grammar, separable verbs, German language, German course, verb prefixes, sentence structure
+|title=Separable Verbs in German Grammar
-|description=In this lesson of our "Complete 0 to A1 German Course," we will explore the concept of separable verbs in German. We will learn how to use separable verbs correctly in different sentence structures and conjugation patterns. Get ready to dive deeper into the world of German grammar!
+|keywords=German, separable verbs, learn German, German grammar, A1 level
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn about separable verbs in German, how to use them in sentences, and practice exercises to enhance your understanding.
 }}
-{{German-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
+{{Template:German-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 [[Category:Course]]
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 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:German-0-to-A1-Course]]
-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 ==Videos==