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Revision as of 19:12, 29 March 2023
◀️ Adverbs of time and location — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Free time activities and sports ▶️ |
As a complete beginner in Latvian, prepositions can be quite intimidating. But don't worry, with some practice and guidance, you'll be able to master them in no time!
In this lesson, we'll focus on prepositions and their corresponding cases. Prepositions are words that indicate the relationship between two words or phrases in a sentence, and in Latvian, they require specific cases.
Let's start with some basic Latvian prepositions and their corresponding cases:
Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Negation & Nouns and their declensions.
Prepositions | Case |
---|---|
uz | Accusative |
pie | Dative |
no | Genitive/Dative |
ar | Instrumental |
It's important to note that some prepositions can take multiple cases, depending on the meaning of the sentence. Let's take a closer look at each of these prepositions and their corresponding cases.
Uz - Accusative case
The preposition "uz" indicates movement towards an object, a specific point or location. It's equivalent to the English preposition "to" or "towards". It requires the accusative case, which is the case used for direct objects in a sentence.
Examples:
- Es braucu uz Rīgu. (I'm going to Riga.)
- Mēs ejam uz banku. (We're going to the bank.)
Pie - Dative case
The preposition "pie" indicates proximity or location near an object or person. It's equivalent to the English preposition "by" or "near". It requires the dative case, which is the case used for indirect objects or objects of certain prepositions.
Examples:
- Es dzīvoju pie vāveres. (I live by the squirrel.)
- Es gribu iet pie veikala. (I want to go near the store.)
No - Genitive/Dative case
The preposition "no" indicates the starting point or origin of an object or action, or in some cases, the absence of something. It's equivalent to the English preposition "from" or "out of". When indicating the starting point, it requires the genitive case, which shows possession or origin. When indicating the absence of something, it requires the dative case, which is the case used for indirect objects or objects of certain prepositions.
Examples:
- Es nācu no mājas. (I came from home.)
- Es esmu brīvs no darba. (I'm free from work.)
Ar - Instrumental case
The preposition "ar" indicates accompaniment or the means by which something is done. It's equivalent to the English preposition "with" or "by". It requires the instrumental case, which is used to indicate the means by which something is done.
Examples:
- Es braucu ar velosipēdu. (I'm going by bicycle.)
- Es ēdu ar karoti. (I'm eating with a spoon.)
Now that we've covered some common prepositions and their cases, let's practice putting them into sentences!
Exercise: - Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition and case: 1. Es braucu _____ banku. (uz / pie) 2. Es nācu _____ darba. (no / ar) 3. Es dzīvoju _____ vecvecākiem. (pie / ar) 4. Es ēdu _____ karoti. (uz / ar)
Answers: 1. Es braucu pie bankas. (I'm going to the bank.) 2. Es nācu no darba. (I came from work.) 3. Es dzīvoju pie vecvecākiem. (I live with my grandparents.) 4. Es ēdu ar karoti. (I'm eating with a spoon.)
It's important to note that there are many more prepositions in Latvian than the ones we covered in this lesson. Some of them may take different cases depending on the meaning of the sentence. We'll cover more prepositions and cases in future lessons, so stay tuned!
Remember, practice makes perfect when it comes to prepositions and cases in Latvian. Keep practicing and using them in sentences, and you'll start to notice patterns and understand them more easily. Good luck!
Other Lessons
- Gender
- 0 to A1 Course
- Indirect objects and the dative case
- Adjectives
- How to Use Be
- Questions
- Nouns and their declensions
- Future Tense
- How to Use Have
- The accusative case and direct objects
◀️ Adverbs of time and location — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Free time activities and sports ▶️ |