Difference between revisions of "Language/Polish/Vocabulary/Numbers-and-Counting"
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|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to count in Polish and use numbers in everyday situations. Learn the cardinal and ordinal numbers, counting objects, talking about time and dates, and practice your Polish pronunciation.}} | |description=In this lesson, you will learn how to count in Polish and use numbers in everyday situations. Learn the cardinal and ordinal numbers, counting objects, talking about time and dates, and practice your Polish pronunciation.}} | ||
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Revision as of 17:26, 18 March 2023
In this lesson, you will learn how to count in Polish and use numbers in everyday situations. As a Polish language teacher with 20 years of experience, I will provide you with some cultural information and interesting facts to make your learning more enjoyable.
Cardinal Numbers
Cardinal numbers are used to represent quantity, and you will need to know them to count in Polish. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10:
Polish | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
jeden | yeh-den | one |
dwa | dvah | two |
trzy | tshih | three |
cztery | ch-teh-ry | four |
pięć | pyehnc | five |
sześć | sheh-shch | six |
siedem | syeh-dem | seven |
osiem | oh-shyem | eight |
dziewięć | dyih-vyench | nine |
dziesięć | jeh-syehnc | ten |
As you can see, some Polish sounds can be challenging. I recommend listening to Polish speakers or using online resources to improve your pronunciation.
After the number 5, you add the word "naście" to form the numbers from 11 to 19. For example: "jedenaście" means "eleven" and "trzynaście" means "thirteen".
For numbers from 20 and above, you need to combine the tens with the units. For example, 23 is "dwadzieścia trzy" which means "twenty three".
Here are the tens:
Polish | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
dwadzieścia | dvah-dzyeh-shchya | twenty |
trzydzieści | tshih-dzyeh-shch | thirty |
czterdzieści | ch-teh-dzyeh-shch | forty |
pięćdziesiąt | pyehnd-dzyeh-shahnt | fifty |
sześćdziesiąt | sheh-shch-dzyeh-shahnt | sixty |
siedemdziesiąt | syeh-dem-dzyeh-shahnt | seventy |
osiemdziesiąt | oh-shyem-dzyeh-shahnt | eighty |
dziewięćdziesiąt | dyih-vyennd-dzyeh-shahnt | ninety |
To form any number greater than 99, we combine the hundreds, tens and units with the word "i" (and). For example, 258 is "dwieście pięćdziesiąt osiem" which means "two hundred fifty eight".
Here are the hundreds:
Polish | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
sto | stoh | one hundred |
dwieście | dv-yeh-schya | two hundred |
trzysta | tshistah | three hundred |
czterysta | ch-teh-ry-stah | four hundred |
pięćset | pyehnc-set | five hundred |
sześćset | sheh-shch-set | six hundred |
siedemset | syeh-dem-set | seven hundred |
osiemset | oh-shyem-set | eight hundred |
dziewięćset | dyih-vyennd-set | nine hundred |
Ordinal Numbers
Ordinal numbers are used to represent rank, position or order. They are formed by adding a suffix to the cardinal number. Here are the ordinal numbers from 1st to 10th:
Polish | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
pierwszy | pyehr-sheh | first |
drugi | droo-ghee | second |
trzeci | tshet-shee | third |
czwarty | ch-vahr-tih | fourth |
piąty | pyan-tih | fifth |
szósty | shoh-stih | sixth |
siódmy | shohd-mih | seventh |
ósmy | ohs-mih | eighth |
dziewiąty | dzyeh-vya-nih-tih | ninth |
dziesiąty | jeh-syahn-nih-tih | tenth |
After the number 5 (piąty), a different pattern appears with the suffix "-ty" being replaced by "-tyi". For example, the ordinal number for "sixth" is "szósty" and for "fifth" is "piąty".
Ordinal numbers can be used to talk about dates (like "January 1st") or to describe the order of things (like "the third house").
Counting objects
When counting objects, Polish has a different form for each gender. For masculine objects use "jeden" or "dwa" (for singular and dual forms respectively), and for feminine objects use "jedna" or "dwie". For example:
Polish | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
jeden dom | yeh-den dohm | one house (masculine) |
dwa psy | dvah psi | two dogs (masculine) |
jedna książka | yehd-nah ksi-ohmp-kah | one book (feminine) |
dwie dziewczyny | dv-yeh dzyeh-v-choh-ny | two girls (feminine) |
Time and Dates
When telling the time, the hour is given using cardinal numbers followed by the word "godzina" (hour), and the minutes are given using cardinal numbers followed by the word "minuta" (minute). For example, 1:15 PM is "trzynaście piętnaście" which means "thirteen fifteen".
When talking about dates, Polish uses the format day-month-year. For example, January 1st, 2022 is "pierwszego stycznia dwa tysiące dwadzieścia drugiego".
Conclusion
I hope this lesson helped you learn how to count in Polish and use numbers in everyday situations. Remember to practice your pronunciation and try to use Polish numbers whenever you have the opportunity.
Sources
Videos
Learn Polish - Polish in 3 Minutes - Numbers 1-10 - YouTube
Learn Polish - Polish in 3 Minutes - Numbers 11-100 - YouTube
HOW TO COUNT IN POLISH + NUMBERS // ItsEwelina - YouTube
Polish Numbers from 0 to 20 - YouTube
The Ultimate Guide to Numbers in Polish - YouTube
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