Difference between revisions of "Language/Kazakh/Grammar/Present-Tense"
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Congratulations! You made it through the Kazakh present tense lesson. Keep practicing and expanding your knowledge of the Kazakh language through the "Complete 0 to A1 Kazakh Course". | Congratulations! You made it through the Kazakh present tense lesson. Keep practicing and expanding your knowledge of the Kazakh language through the "Complete 0 to A1 Kazakh Course". | ||
== Sources == | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_language Kazakh | <span class='maj'></span> | ||
==Sources== | |||
* [https://slaviccenters.duke.edu/sites/slaviccenters.duke.edu/files/file-attachments/kazakh-grammar.pdf A Grammar of Kazakh Zura Dotton, Ph.D John Doyle Wagner] | |||
* [https://dimash.fandom.com/wiki/Learn_Kazakh_here Learn Kazakh here | Dimash Kudaibergen Wiki | Fandom] | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_language Kazakh language - Wikipedia] | |||
* [https://theswissbay.ch/pdf/Books/Linguistics/Mega%20linguistics%20pack/Turkic/Kazakh%20Grammar%20with%20Affix%20List%20%28Krippes%29%20%281%29.pdf Kazakh Grammar - with Affix List] | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_grammar Kazakh Grammar] | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_grammar Kazakh Grammar] | ||
Revision as of 12:04, 12 March 2023
As a Kazakh language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I am thrilled to introduce you to the present tense in Kazakh. In this lesson, we will cover the basics of the present tense and explore its usage with different verb types. This lesson is part of the "Complete 0 to A1 Kazakh Course" and is suitable for students who are complete beginners.
What is the Present Tense?
The present tense is a verb tense that indicates an action or state of being that is currently ongoing or habitual. In Kazakh, the present tense is formed differently based on the type of verb.
Simple Present Tense
The simple present tense is used for habitual actions or general truths. In Kazakh, the simple present tense is formed as follows:
- For verbs that end in a vowel, add "-ті" or "-ді" to the end of the verb stem based on vowel harmony.
- For verbs that end in a consonant, add "-ып/-іп" to the end of the verb stem based on vowel harmony.
Let's look at some examples:
Kazakh | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Баруыңыз керек | barwıñız kerek | You need to come |
Тіліңіз күшінше болуы керек | tilıñız küshinşe bolwı kerek | You need to speak louder |
Ол өйретіп жатады | ol öyretip jatady | He/She is teaching |
Present Continuous Tense
The present continuous tense is used for ongoing or temporary actions. In Kazakh, the present continuous tense is formed as follows:
- Take the verb stem and add "-ған/-ген" to the end of it.
Let's look at some examples:
Kazakh | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Сен өзіңнің өзіңді артық жасайсың | sen özıñıñ özıñdı artıq jasaysıñ | You are exaggerating |
Біздің үйге келген гости студенттер | bizdıñ üyge kelgen gosti studentter | Our guests who came to our house are students |
Ол желіде бара жатыр | ol jelıde bara jatır | He/She is going by train |
Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past that have a connection to the present. In Kazakh, the present perfect tense is formed as follows:
- Take the verb stem and add "-ген/-гән" to the end of it.
Let's look at some examples:
Kazakh | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Мен осы кітапты окығанмын | men osy kitapty okığanmın | I have read this book |
Ол тесті жақсы жауап берген | ol testi jaqsy jauap bergen | He/She has given a good answer to the test |
Сіз осы жерде болғансыз ба? | sız osy jerde bolğansız ba? | Have you been here? |
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
The present perfect continuous tense is used for ongoing actions that started in the past and continue into the present. In Kazakh, the present perfect continuous tense can be formed by using the present continuous tense combined with the "аллаңыз" (allańyz) verb, which means "you should have done it by now" or "you've been doing it for some time now".
Let's look at some examples:
Kazakh | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Сен өзің шоқ жинарап отырсың, дәмін қандай? | sen özıñ shoq jınarap otırsyñ, dämın qanday? | You have been gathering your thoughts. How do you feel? |
Ол бір сағаттан бері бізбен телефонда сөйлеп жатады | ol bir sahattan beri bizben telefonda söylep jatady | He/She has been talking to us on the phone for an hour |
Мен үш айдан бері осы дастаны жазып жатырмын | men üş aydan beri osy dastany jazıp jatırman | I have been writing this story for three months |
Irregular Verbs
Some Kazakh verbs exhibit irregular patterns when it comes to forming the present tense. Here are some examples:
Kazakh | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
беру | berw | to take |
жазу | jazu | to write |
тоқтап жүру | toqtap jwru | to walk slowly |
жауап беру | jauap berw | to answer |
Congratulations! You made it through the Kazakh present tense lesson. Keep practicing and expanding your knowledge of the Kazakh language through the "Complete 0 to A1 Kazakh Course".
Sources
- A Grammar of Kazakh Zura Dotton, Ph.D John Doyle Wagner
- Learn Kazakh here | Dimash Kudaibergen Wiki | Fandom
- Kazakh language - Wikipedia
- Kazakh Grammar - with Affix List