Language/Georgian/Grammar/Nouns

Georgian Grammar - Nouns

Hi Georgian learners! 😊
In today's lesson, we will be discussing the basics of Georgian nouns. We will cover topics such as gender, number, and case. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how to use nouns in Georgian.

Gender

Nouns in Georgian are either masculine or feminine. There is no neutral gender. To determine the gender of a noun, you must look at the ending of the word.

Masculine Nouns

Masculine nouns typically end in -i, -a, -e, -o, -u, -l, -m, -n, -r, -s, -t, -v, -z, -ch, -sh, -ts, -dz, -gh, -kh, -j, -p, -b, -f, -k, -h, -d, -g.

Examples:

• მაგარი (magari) - car
• კომპიუტერი (kompiuteri) - computer
• სახლი (sakhli) - house

Feminine Nouns

Feminine nouns typically end in -a, -e, -i, -o, -u, -gh, -kh, -j, -p, -b, -f, -k, -h, -d, -g.

Examples:

• ქართული (kartuli) - Georgian
• მასალა (masala) - spice
• ფეხბურთი (fexburthi) - peach

Number

Nouns in Georgian can be singular or plural.

Singular Nouns

Singular nouns refer to one person, place, thing, or idea.

Examples:

• მაგარი (magari) - car
• კომპიუტერი (kompiuteri) - computer
• სახლი (sakhli) - house

Plural Nouns

Plural nouns refer to more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

Examples:

• მაგარები (magarebi) - cars
• კომპიუტერები (kompiuterebi) - computers
• სახლები (sakhlebi) - houses

Case

Nouns in Georgian can be in the nominative, dative, genitive, or accusative case.

Nominative Case

The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence.

Examples:

• მაგარი აქვს (magari akvs) - The car has
• კომპიუტერი აქვს (kompiuteri akvs) - The computer has
• სახლი აქვს (sakhli akvs) - The house has

Dative Case

The dative case is used for the indirect object of a sentence.

Examples:

• მაგარს მე ვარ (magars me var) - I have the car
• კომპიუტერს მე ვარ (kompiuters me var) - I have the computer
• სახლს მე ვარ (sakhls me var) - I have the house

Genitive Case

The genitive case is used to show possession.

Examples:

• მაგარის მანქანა (magaris mankana) - The car's engine
• კომპიუტერის მოწყობილობა (kompiuteris mocxobilaoba) - The computer's power
• სახლის ფართობი (sakhlis fartobi) - The house's size

Accusative Case

The accusative case is used for the direct object of a sentence.

Examples:

• მაგარს ვართ (magars vart) - I want the car
• კომპიუტერს ვართ (kompiuters vart) - I want the computer
• სახლს ვართ (sakhls vart) - I want the house

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Related Lessons

• Plurals
• Expression “traveling by...”
• Adjectives Degrees
• Conjugation of the verb “to be” ყოფნა in the future tense
• Gender
• The adverbial case
• Adverbial forms "to have breakfast, dinner, lunch and supper"
• Infinitives
• Transitive Verbs VS Intransitive Verbs
• Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs