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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Panjabi|Panjabi]]  → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions</div>
Welcome to the lesson on '''Panjabi Prepositions'''! Prepositions are essential components of language that help us express relationships between different elements in a sentence. In Panjabi, like in English, prepositions indicate location, time, direction, and more. Understanding how to use prepositions effectively will enhance your ability to communicate clearly and accurately in Panjabi.


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Panjabi|Panjabi]]  → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Prepositions</div>
In this lesson, we will explore the different types of prepositions in Panjabi, provide a variety of examples, and engage in practical exercises to help reinforce your learning. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of Panjabi prepositions and be able to use them in everyday conversations.


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As a Panjabi language teacher with 20 years of experience, I am excited to teach you about prepositions in Panjabi. Prepositions are essential components of any language, and they help us indicate location, time, direction, and other relationships between different elements in a sentence. In this lesson, we will discuss the basics of using prepositions in Panjabi, and we will delve into some of the most common prepositions that you will encounter in everyday conversation.
=== What are Prepositions? ===
 
Prepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words within a sentence. They help describe relationships in terms of:
 
* '''Location''' (where something is)
 
* '''Time''' (when something happens)
 
* '''Direction''' (where something is going)
 
* '''Other relationships''' (like possession or means)
 
In Panjabi, prepositions are often used to form phrases that provide additional context.
 
=== Types of Prepositions ===
 
There are several categories of prepositions in Panjabi. Let’s break them down:


==== 1. Prepositions of Location ====


<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Adjectives and Adverbs]] & [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
These prepositions describe where something is situated. Common examples include:
== What are Prepositions? ==


Prepositions are words that help us describe the relationship between different elements in a sentence. They are usually found before a noun or pronoun, and they help us indicate location, time, direction, and other relationships. In Panjabi, prepositions are placed after the noun or pronoun that they modify.
* ''''ਵਿੱਚ'''' (vic) - in


== Types of Prepositions ==
* ''''ਤੇ'''' (te) - on


There are several types of prepositions in Panjabi. Some prepositions indicate location, whereas others indicate time, direction, or other relationships. Here are some of the most commonly used prepositions in Panjabi:
* ''''ਨਾਲ'''' (naal) - with


=== Prepositions of Location ===
* ''''ਆਲੇ'''' (aale) - beside


Prepositions of location indicate where something is located in relation to something else. Here are some examples of prepositions of location in Panjabi:
Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ਵਿਚ || Wich || In
 
| ਮੈਂ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ || maiṁ kamarē vic hāṁ || I am in the room
 
|-
|-
| ਉੱਤੇ || Utte || On
 
| ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ || kitāb mēz te hai || The book is on the table
 
|-
|-
| ਹੇਠਾਂ || Haythaan || Under
 
| ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਆਇਆ || uh mērē nāl āiā || He came with me
 
|-
|-
| ਉਪਰ || Upar || Above
 
|-
| ਬੱਚਾ ਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਆਲੇ ਖੇਡ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ || bacchā māṁ dē ālē khēḍ rihā hai || The child is playing beside the mother
| ਪਸਾਰ || Pasaar || Across
 
|-
| ਵੱਖ || Vakh || Apart
|}
|}


Here are some examples of how to use prepositions of location in a sentence:
==== 2. Prepositions of Time ====
 
These prepositions indicate when something occurs. Common examples include:
 
* ''''ਤੱਕ'''' (takk) - until


* ਪੈਰਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਮਿੱਠੇ ਘਾਹ ਦੀ ਖੁਸ਼ਬੂ ਸੀ ਪਿਆਰੀ। (Paeraan wich mitthe ghaah di khushboo si pyaari.) - The scent of sweet grass was dear to my feet.
* ''''ਸਮੇਂ'''' (samēṁ) - at


* ਮੇਜ਼ ਉੱਤੇ ਕ਼ਾਗਜ਼ ਹੈ। (Mez utte kaagaz hai.) - The paper is on the table.
* ''''ਬਾਅਦ'''' (bād) - after


=== Prepositions of Time ===
* ''''ਪਹਿਲਾਂ'''' (pahilāṁ) - before


Prepositions of time help us describe when something happens. Here are some examples of prepositions of time in Panjabi:
Examples include:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ਦੌਰਾਨ || Douraan || During
 
| ਮੈਂ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਤੱਕ ਜਾਗਣਾਂ || maiṁ savērē takk jāgaṇā || I will wake up until morning
 
|-
|-
| ਪਿਛਲੇ || Pichle || Past
 
| ਉਹ ਦਿਨ 10 ਵਜੇ ਮਿਲੇਗੇ || uh din 10 vajē milēgē || They will meet at 10 o'clock
 
|-
|-
| ਆਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ || Aaun vaale || Next
 
| ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਓ || bād vic chāh pīō || Drink tea after
 
|-
|-
| ਹੁਣ || Hun || Now
 
| ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਆਪਣਾ ਕੰਮ ਖਤਮ ਕਰੋ || pahilāṁ āpaṇā kama khatam karō || Finish your work before
 
|}
 
==== 3. Prepositions of Direction ====
 
These prepositions describe movement towards a specific point. Common examples include:
 
* ''''ਵੱਲ'''' (val) - towards
 
* ''''ਲਈ'''' (la'ī) - for
 
* ''''ਵਿਚੋਂ'''' (vicōṁ) - out of
 
* ''''ਦੀ طرف'''' (dī taraf) - to the side of
 
Examples include:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| ਬਾਅਦ || Baad || After
 
| ਉਹ ਦਰਵਾਜੇ ਵੱਲ ਜਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ || uh darvājē val jā rihā hai || He is going towards the door
 
|-
|-
| ਪਹਿਲੇ || Pehle || Before
 
| ਮੈਂ ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਲਈ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹਾਂ || maiṁ tuhāḍē la'ī khuś hāṁ || I am happy for you
 
|-
|-
| ਵਿਚੋਂ || Wichon || From
 
| ਉਹ ਸੜਕ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਪੈਦਾ ਹੋਇਆ || uh saṛak vicōṁ paidā ho'ā || He came out of the street
 
|-
|-
| ਲਈ || Lae || For
 
|-
| ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਘਰ ਦੀ طرف ਜਾ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ || uh mērē ghar dī taraf jā rahī hai || She is going to the side of my house
| ਵਿਚ || Wich || In
 
|-
| ਨੂੰ || Nu || At
|-
| ਦੌਰਾਨ || Douraan || While
|}
|}


Here are some examples of how to use prepositions of time in a sentence:
==== 4. Prepositions Indicating Other Relationships ====


* ਮੈਂ ਕਲ ਆਉਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਹਾਂ। (Main kal aaun vaala haan.) - I am coming next week.
These prepositions help express possession, means, and other relationships. Common examples include:


* ਸੂਰਜ ਢਲਾਣ ਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਨਿੱਕਲ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। (Sooraj dhalan toh pahilaan nikal jaanda hai.) - The sun rises before dawn.
* ''''ਦਾ'''' () - of


=== Prepositions of Direction ===
* ''''ਸਾਥ'''' (sāth) - with (in terms of cooperation)


Prepositions of direction indicate where something is going. Here are some examples of prepositions of direction in Panjabi:
* ''''ਆਪਣੇ'''' (āpaṇē) - to oneself
 
Examples include:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ਉੱਤੇ || Utte || Up
 
| ਇਹ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਰੀ ਹੈ || ih kitāb mērī hai || This book is mine
 
|-
|-
| ਹੇਠਾਂ || Haythaan || Down
 
| ਉਹ ਸਾਥੀ ਨਾਲ ਖੇਡ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ || uh sāthī nāl khēḍ rahē han || They are playing with friends
 
|-
|-
| ਬਾਏਂ || Baayein || Left
 
| ਉਹ ਇਸ ਕੰਮ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਲਈ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ || uh is kama nū āpaṇē la'ī kardā hai || He does this work for himself
 
|-
|-
| ਸੱਜੇ || Sajje || Straight
 
|-
| ਇਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਦਾ ਕਾਰ ਹੈ || ih mērē pitā dā kāra hai || This is my father's car
| ਸੱਜੇ ਛੱਡ || Sajje chhad || Turn
 
|-
| ਸੱਜੇ ਕਰਕੇ || Sajje karkay || Ahead
|-
| ਸੈਂਟਰ || Centre || Centre
|-
| ਦਾਇਆਂ || Dayaan || Right
|}
|}


Here are some examples of how to use prepositions of direction in a sentence:
=== Using Prepositions in Sentences ===
 
To create meaningful sentences in Panjabi, it’s crucial to know how to combine nouns and verbs with prepositions. Here are some tips for using prepositions effectively:
 
* '''Placement''': Prepositions typically come before the noun they modify.
 
* '''Context''': Choose the appropriate preposition based on the context of your sentence.
 
For example:
 
* '''"ਮੈਂ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਜਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ।"''' (maiṁ savērē bājār jāuṁdā hāṁ) translates to "I go to the market in the morning." Here, ''''ਸਵੇਰੇ'''' (savērē) indicates the time and ''''ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ'''' (bājār) indicates the direction.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that we’ve covered the basics, it’s time to put your knowledge into practice! Here are some exercises to help you solidify your understanding of Panjabi prepositions.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions.
 
1. ਮੈਂ _____ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ। (in)
 
2. ਉਹ _____ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ। (on)
 
3. ਉਹ _____ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਗਿਆ। (with)
 
4. ਮੈਂ _____ 5 ਵਜੇ ਮਿਲਾਂਗਾ। (at)
 
5. ਉਹ _____ ਪਾਸੇ ਦੇਖ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ। (towards)
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. ਵਿੱਚ (vic)
 
2. ਤੇ (te)
 
3. ਨਾਲ (naal)


* ਆਪਣੇ ਕੰਮ ਦੀ ਤਰਫ ਸਮਝਾਅੋ। (Apane kam di taraf samjhaao.) - Focus on your work.
4. ਸਵੇਰੇ (savērē)


* ਮੈਂ ਗੁਰੂਦੁਆਰਾ ਦਾਇਆਂ ਹਾਂ। (Main gurudwaara dayaan haan.) - I am on the right side of the Gurudwara.
5. ਵੱਲ (val)


== Common Prepositions Usage ==
==== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences ====


I hope these examples help you understand how to use prepositions in Panjabi. Keep practicing and using these prepositions in your conversations, and you'll soon be a pro at using them correctly! Prepositions are something that comes naturally with time, but with practice, you'll find that they become second nature to you.  
Translate the following sentences into Panjabi.


In the next lesson on conjunctions, I will discuss how to use conjunctions to connect words, phrases, and clauses in Panjabi. Stay tuned!
1. The book is on the table.
 
2. She is playing with her friends.
 
3. We will meet at the park.
 
4. The keys are in the drawer.
 
5. I went out of the house.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ। (kitāb mēz te hai)
 
2. ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਖੇਡ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ। (uh āpaṇē dōsatāṁ nāl khēḍ rahī hai)
 
3. ਅਸੀਂ ਪਾਰਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿਲਾਂਗੇ। (asīṁ pārk vic milāngē)
 
4. ਚਾਬੀਆਂ ਦਰਾਜ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਨ। (chābī'āṁ darāz vic han)
 
5. ਮੈਂ ਘਰ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਹਰ ਗਿਆ। (maiṁ ghar tōṁ bāhar giā)
 
==== Exercise 3: Sentence Creation ====
 
Create your own sentences using the following prepositions:
 
1. ਵਿੱਚ (in)
 
2. ਨਾਲ (with)
 
3. ਤੇ (on)
 
4. ਬਾਅਦ (after)
 
5. ਲਈ (for)
 
'''Suggested Sentences:'''
 
1. ਉਹ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ। (uh kamarē vic hai) - He is in the room.
 
2. ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਮਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਗੱਲ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ। (maiṁ āpaṇī māṁ nāl gall kardā hāṁ) - I talk with my mother.
 
3. ਮੇਰੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ। (mērī kitāb mēz te hai) - My book is on the table.
 
4. ਉਹ ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਵੇਗਾ। (uh bād vic āvēgā) - He will come after.
 
5. ਇਹ ਤੋਹਫਾ ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਲਈ ਹੈ। (ih tōhfā tuhāḍē la'ī hai) - This gift is for you.
 
==== Exercise 4: Matching Exercise ====
 
Match the following English sentences with their Panjabi translations.
 
1. I am at the market. 
 
2. He is with his friends. 
 
3. The cat is under the table. 
 
4. We will meet after lunch. 
 
5. The book belongs to me. 
 
a. ਇਹ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਰੀ ਹੈ। 
 
b. ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਹੈ। 
 
c. ਮੈਂ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ। 
 
d. ਅਸੀਂ ਦੁਪਹਿਰ ਬਾਅਦ ਮਿਲਾਂਗੇ। 
 
e. ਬਿੱਲੀ ਮੇਜ਼ ਦੇ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਹੈ। 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1 - c 
 
2 - b 
 
3 - e 
 
4 - d 
 
5 - a 
 
==== Exercise 5: Preposition Identification ====
 
Read the sentences below and identify the prepositions used.
 
1. ਉਹ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਸਕੂਲ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ। 
 
2. ਮੈਂ ਰਾਤ ਨੂੰ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ। 
 
3. ਉਹ ਪੱਕੇ ਚੌਕ ਦੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਖੜਾ ਹੈ। 
 
4. ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਹੈ। 
 
5. ਗੱਡੀ ਸੜਕ ਦੇ ਉੱਪਰ ਹੈ। 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. ਸਵੇਰੇ (savērē) 
 
2. ਨੂੰ (nū) 
 
3. ਪਾਸੇ (pāsē) 
 
4. ਨਾਲ (naal) 
 
5. ਉੱਪਰ (uppar) 
 
==== Exercise 6: Sentence Correction ====
 
Correct the sentences by replacing the incorrect preposition with the correct one.
 
1. ਉਹ ਚੁੱਕੀ ਦਾ ਹੈ। (He is on the roof.) 
 
2. ਮੈਂ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ। (I am at the market.) 
 
3. ਉਹ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾ ਆਇਆ। (He came before.) 
 
4. ਪੱਤਰਕਾਰੀ ਮੇਜ਼ ਦੇ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਹੈ। (The newspaper is under the table.) 
 
5. ਮੇਰਾ ਭਰਾ ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ। (My brother is in school.) 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. ਉਹ ਛਤ ਤੇ ਹੈ। 
 
2. Correct 
 
3. ਉਹ ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਇਆ। 
 
4. Correct 
 
5. Correct 
 
==== Exercise 7: Preposition Usage in Context ====
 
Write a short paragraph using at least five different prepositions.
 
'''Example Response:'''
 
"ਮੈਂ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਿਆ। ਮੈਂ ਮੇਰੀ ਮਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਖਰੀਦੀਆਂ। ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਗੱਲਾਂ ਕਰ ਰਹੀ ਸੀ। ਦੁਪਹਿਰ ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ, ਅਸੀਂ ਘਰ ਦੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਬੈਠੇ। ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ, ਮੈਂ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਣ ਲਈ ਚਲਾ ਗਿਆ।"
 
==== Exercise 8: Creating Questions ====
 
Create questions using the following prompts.
 
1. Where is your book? 
 
2. When will we meet? 
 
3. Who is with you? 
 
4. Which table is the pen on? 
 
5. What will you do after class? 
 
'''Suggested Questions:'''
 
1. ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਹੈ? (Tuhāḍī kitāb kithē hai?) 
 
2. ਅਸੀਂ ਕਦੋਂ ਮਿਲਾਂਗੇ? (Asīṁ kadōṁ milāngē?) 
 
3. ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਨਾਲ ਕੋਣ ਹੈ? (Tuhāḍē nāl kōṇ hai?) 
 
4. ਕਿਹੜੇ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਕਲਮ ਹੈ? (Kihṛē mēz te kalam hai?) 
 
5. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪਾਠ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਕੀ ਕਰੋਂਗੇ? (Tusīṁ pāṭh tōṁ bād kī karōngē?) 
 
==== Exercise 9: True or False ====
 
Read the following statements related to prepositions and indicate whether they are true or false.
 
1. Prepositions only express location. 
 
2. In Panjabi, prepositions usually come after the noun. 
 
3. Prepositions can also indicate time. 
 
4. The word 'ਨਾਲ' means 'with.' 
 
5. 'ਤੱਕ' is used to indicate direction. 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. False 
 
2. False 
 
3. True 
 
4. True 
 
5. False 
 
==== Exercise 10: Fill in the Chart ====
 
Fill in the chart with examples of prepositions you learned in this lesson.
 
| Type of Preposition | Panjabi | English |
 
|---------------------|---------|---------|
 
| Location            |        |        |
 
| Time                |        |        |
 
| Direction          |        |        |
 
| Other Relationships  |        |        |
 
'''Suggested Answers:'''
 
| Type of Preposition | Panjabi    | English            |
 
|---------------------|-------------|---------------------|
 
| Location            | ਵਿੱਚ (vic) | in                  |
 
| Time                | ਬਾਅਦ (bād) | after              |
 
| Direction          | ਵੱਲ (val)  | towards            |
 
| Other Relationships  | ਦਾ (dā)    | of                  |
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
In this lesson, we have explored the essential role that prepositions play in the Panjabi language. By understanding their use in terms of location, time, direction, and other relationships, you are now better equipped to form sentences that are clear and coherent. Remember to practice regularly and use these prepositions in your daily conversations.
 
If you have any questions or need further clarification on any points, feel free to reach out. Happy learning!


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==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Conjunctions|Conjunctions]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Conjunctions|Conjunctions]]


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Latest revision as of 22:08, 1 August 2024

◀️ Outdoor Activities — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Conjunctions ▶️

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PanjabiGrammar0 to A1 Course → Prepositions

Welcome to the lesson on Panjabi Prepositions! Prepositions are essential components of language that help us express relationships between different elements in a sentence. In Panjabi, like in English, prepositions indicate location, time, direction, and more. Understanding how to use prepositions effectively will enhance your ability to communicate clearly and accurately in Panjabi.

In this lesson, we will explore the different types of prepositions in Panjabi, provide a variety of examples, and engage in practical exercises to help reinforce your learning. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of Panjabi prepositions and be able to use them in everyday conversations.

What are Prepositions?[edit | edit source]

Prepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words within a sentence. They help describe relationships in terms of:

  • Location (where something is)
  • Time (when something happens)
  • Direction (where something is going)
  • Other relationships (like possession or means)

In Panjabi, prepositions are often used to form phrases that provide additional context.

Types of Prepositions[edit | edit source]

There are several categories of prepositions in Panjabi. Let’s break them down:

1. Prepositions of Location[edit | edit source]

These prepositions describe where something is situated. Common examples include:

  • 'ਵਿੱਚ' (vic) - in
  • 'ਤੇ' (te) - on
  • 'ਨਾਲ' (naal) - with
  • 'ਆਲੇ' (aale) - beside

Here are some examples:

Panjabi Pronunciation English
ਮੈਂ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ maiṁ kamarē vic hāṁ I am in the room
ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ kitāb mēz te hai The book is on the table
ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਆਇਆ uh mērē nāl āiā He came with me
ਬੱਚਾ ਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਆਲੇ ਖੇਡ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ bacchā māṁ dē ālē khēḍ rihā hai The child is playing beside the mother

2. Prepositions of Time[edit | edit source]

These prepositions indicate when something occurs. Common examples include:

  • 'ਤੱਕ' (takk) - until
  • 'ਸਮੇਂ' (samēṁ) - at
  • 'ਬਾਅਦ' (bād) - after
  • 'ਪਹਿਲਾਂ' (pahilāṁ) - before

Examples include:

Panjabi Pronunciation English
ਮੈਂ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਤੱਕ ਜਾਗਣਾਂ maiṁ savērē takk jāgaṇā I will wake up until morning
ਉਹ ਦਿਨ 10 ਵਜੇ ਮਿਲੇਗੇ uh din 10 vajē milēgē They will meet at 10 o'clock
ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਓ bād vic chāh pīō Drink tea after
ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਆਪਣਾ ਕੰਮ ਖਤਮ ਕਰੋ pahilāṁ āpaṇā kama khatam karō Finish your work before

3. Prepositions of Direction[edit | edit source]

These prepositions describe movement towards a specific point. Common examples include:

  • 'ਵੱਲ' (val) - towards
  • 'ਲਈ' (la'ī) - for
  • 'ਵਿਚੋਂ' (vicōṁ) - out of
  • 'ਦੀ طرف' (dī taraf) - to the side of

Examples include:

Panjabi Pronunciation English
ਉਹ ਦਰਵਾਜੇ ਵੱਲ ਜਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ uh darvājē val jā rihā hai He is going towards the door
ਮੈਂ ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਲਈ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹਾਂ maiṁ tuhāḍē la'ī khuś hāṁ I am happy for you
ਉਹ ਸੜਕ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਪੈਦਾ ਹੋਇਆ uh saṛak vicōṁ paidā ho'ā He came out of the street
ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਘਰ ਦੀ طرف ਜਾ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ uh mērē ghar dī taraf jā rahī hai She is going to the side of my house

4. Prepositions Indicating Other Relationships[edit | edit source]

These prepositions help express possession, means, and other relationships. Common examples include:

  • 'ਦਾ' (dā) - of
  • 'ਸਾਥ' (sāth) - with (in terms of cooperation)
  • 'ਆਪਣੇ' (āpaṇē) - to oneself

Examples include:

Panjabi Pronunciation English
ਇਹ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਰੀ ਹੈ ih kitāb mērī hai This book is mine
ਉਹ ਸਾਥੀ ਨਾਲ ਖੇਡ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ uh sāthī nāl khēḍ rahē han They are playing with friends
ਉਹ ਇਸ ਕੰਮ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਲਈ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ uh is kama nū āpaṇē la'ī kardā hai He does this work for himself
ਇਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਦਾ ਕਾਰ ਹੈ ih mērē pitā dā kāra hai This is my father's car

Using Prepositions in Sentences[edit | edit source]

To create meaningful sentences in Panjabi, it’s crucial to know how to combine nouns and verbs with prepositions. Here are some tips for using prepositions effectively:

  • Placement: Prepositions typically come before the noun they modify.
  • Context: Choose the appropriate preposition based on the context of your sentence.

For example:

  • "ਮੈਂ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਜਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ।" (maiṁ savērē bājār jāuṁdā hāṁ) translates to "I go to the market in the morning." Here, 'ਸਵੇਰੇ' (savērē) indicates the time and 'ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ' (bājār) indicates the direction.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the basics, it’s time to put your knowledge into practice! Here are some exercises to help you solidify your understanding of Panjabi prepositions.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions.

1. ਮੈਂ _____ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ। (in)

2. ਉਹ _____ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ। (on)

3. ਉਹ _____ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਗਿਆ। (with)

4. ਮੈਂ _____ 5 ਵਜੇ ਮਿਲਾਂਗਾ। (at)

5. ਉਹ _____ ਪਾਸੇ ਦੇਖ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ। (towards)

Answers:

1. ਵਿੱਚ (vic)

2. ਤੇ (te)

3. ਨਾਲ (naal)

4. ਸਵੇਰੇ (savērē)

5. ਵੱਲ (val)

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Panjabi.

1. The book is on the table.

2. She is playing with her friends.

3. We will meet at the park.

4. The keys are in the drawer.

5. I went out of the house.

Answers:

1. ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ। (kitāb mēz te hai)

2. ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਖੇਡ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ। (uh āpaṇē dōsatāṁ nāl khēḍ rahī hai)

3. ਅਸੀਂ ਪਾਰਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿਲਾਂਗੇ। (asīṁ pārk vic milāngē)

4. ਚਾਬੀਆਂ ਦਰਾਜ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਨ। (chābī'āṁ darāz vic han)

5. ਮੈਂ ਘਰ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਹਰ ਗਿਆ। (maiṁ ghar tōṁ bāhar giā)

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Create your own sentences using the following prepositions:

1. ਵਿੱਚ (in)

2. ਨਾਲ (with)

3. ਤੇ (on)

4. ਬਾਅਦ (after)

5. ਲਈ (for)

Suggested Sentences:

1. ਉਹ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ। (uh kamarē vic hai) - He is in the room.

2. ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਮਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਗੱਲ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ। (maiṁ āpaṇī māṁ nāl gall kardā hāṁ) - I talk with my mother.

3. ਮੇਰੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਹੈ। (mērī kitāb mēz te hai) - My book is on the table.

4. ਉਹ ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਵੇਗਾ। (uh bād vic āvēgā) - He will come after.

5. ਇਹ ਤੋਹਫਾ ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਲਈ ਹੈ। (ih tōhfā tuhāḍē la'ī hai) - This gift is for you.

Exercise 4: Matching Exercise[edit | edit source]

Match the following English sentences with their Panjabi translations.

1. I am at the market.

2. He is with his friends.

3. The cat is under the table.

4. We will meet after lunch.

5. The book belongs to me.

a. ਇਹ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਰੀ ਹੈ।

b. ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਹੈ।

c. ਮੈਂ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ।

d. ਅਸੀਂ ਦੁਪਹਿਰ ਬਾਅਦ ਮਿਲਾਂਗੇ।

e. ਬਿੱਲੀ ਮੇਜ਼ ਦੇ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਹੈ।

Answers:

1 - c

2 - b

3 - e

4 - d

5 - a

Exercise 5: Preposition Identification[edit | edit source]

Read the sentences below and identify the prepositions used.

1. ਉਹ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਸਕੂਲ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।

2. ਮੈਂ ਰਾਤ ਨੂੰ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ।

3. ਉਹ ਪੱਕੇ ਚੌਕ ਦੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਖੜਾ ਹੈ।

4. ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਹੈ।

5. ਗੱਡੀ ਸੜਕ ਦੇ ਉੱਪਰ ਹੈ।

Answers:

1. ਸਵੇਰੇ (savērē)

2. ਨੂੰ (nū)

3. ਪਾਸੇ (pāsē)

4. ਨਾਲ (naal)

5. ਉੱਪਰ (uppar)

Exercise 6: Sentence Correction[edit | edit source]

Correct the sentences by replacing the incorrect preposition with the correct one.

1. ਉਹ ਚੁੱਕੀ ਦਾ ਹੈ। (He is on the roof.)

2. ਮੈਂ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਂ। (I am at the market.)

3. ਉਹ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾ ਆਇਆ। (He came before.)

4. ਪੱਤਰਕਾਰੀ ਮੇਜ਼ ਦੇ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਹੈ। (The newspaper is under the table.)

5. ਮੇਰਾ ਭਰਾ ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ। (My brother is in school.)

Answers:

1. ਉਹ ਛਤ ਤੇ ਹੈ।

2. Correct

3. ਉਹ ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਇਆ।

4. Correct

5. Correct

Exercise 7: Preposition Usage in Context[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph using at least five different prepositions.

Example Response:

"ਮੈਂ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਿਆ। ਮੈਂ ਮੇਰੀ ਮਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਖਰੀਦੀਆਂ। ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਗੱਲਾਂ ਕਰ ਰਹੀ ਸੀ। ਦੁਪਹਿਰ ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ, ਅਸੀਂ ਘਰ ਦੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਬੈਠੇ। ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ, ਮੈਂ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਣ ਲਈ ਚਲਾ ਗਿਆ।"

Exercise 8: Creating Questions[edit | edit source]

Create questions using the following prompts.

1. Where is your book?

2. When will we meet?

3. Who is with you?

4. Which table is the pen on?

5. What will you do after class?

Suggested Questions:

1. ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਹੈ? (Tuhāḍī kitāb kithē hai?)

2. ਅਸੀਂ ਕਦੋਂ ਮਿਲਾਂਗੇ? (Asīṁ kadōṁ milāngē?)

3. ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਨਾਲ ਕੋਣ ਹੈ? (Tuhāḍē nāl kōṇ hai?)

4. ਕਿਹੜੇ ਮੇਜ਼ ਤੇ ਕਲਮ ਹੈ? (Kihṛē mēz te kalam hai?)

5. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪਾਠ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਕੀ ਕਰੋਂਗੇ? (Tusīṁ pāṭh tōṁ bād kī karōngē?)

Exercise 9: True or False[edit | edit source]

Read the following statements related to prepositions and indicate whether they are true or false.

1. Prepositions only express location.

2. In Panjabi, prepositions usually come after the noun.

3. Prepositions can also indicate time.

4. The word 'ਨਾਲ' means 'with.'

5. 'ਤੱਕ' is used to indicate direction.

Answers:

1. False

2. False

3. True

4. True

5. False

Exercise 10: Fill in the Chart[edit | edit source]

Fill in the chart with examples of prepositions you learned in this lesson.

| Type of Preposition | Panjabi | English |

|---------------------|---------|---------|

| Location | | |

| Time | | |

| Direction | | |

| Other Relationships | | |

Suggested Answers:

| Type of Preposition | Panjabi | English |

|---------------------|-------------|---------------------|

| Location | ਵਿੱਚ (vic) | in |

| Time | ਬਾਅਦ (bād) | after |

| Direction | ਵੱਲ (val) | towards |

| Other Relationships | ਦਾ (dā) | of |

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we have explored the essential role that prepositions play in the Panjabi language. By understanding their use in terms of location, time, direction, and other relationships, you are now better equipped to form sentences that are clear and coherent. Remember to practice regularly and use these prepositions in your daily conversations.

If you have any questions or need further clarification on any points, feel free to reach out. Happy learning!


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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