Difference between revisions of "Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Past-Tense"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Quick edit)
m (Quick edit)
 
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<span pgnav>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"  
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"  
Line 8: Line 9:


{{Kirghiz-Page-Top}}
{{Kirghiz-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Kirghiz|Kirghiz]]  → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Kirghiz|Kirghiz]]  → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense</div>


Welcome to another lesson of our "Complete 0 to A1 Kirghiz Course"! Today, we'll be learning about how to conjugate Kirghiz verbs in the past tense and practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. Understanding the past tense is essential to have meaningful conversations in Kirghiz, as this tense is used to describe actions that have taken place in the past.
Welcome to the Kirghiz Grammar lesson on the '''Past Tense'''! Today, we’ll embark on a fascinating journey into the realm of past actions in the Kirghiz language. Understanding the past tense is crucial for effective communication, as it allows you to express experiences, narrate stories, and share memories.  


The Kyrgyz past tense conjugation is quite simple compared to some other languages. You'll see that it follows a pattern that is easy to learn and apply. Moreover, I'll share some cultural information and interesting facts about the Kirghiz language and culture along the way.
In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and create affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. We’ll provide a variety of examples to solidify your understanding, followed by engaging exercises to practice what you’ve learned.  


Let's get started!
Get ready to dive into the structure of the past tense in Kirghiz, and by the end of this lesson, you will feel confident forming sentences that describe actions that have already occurred.


__TOC__
__TOC__


=== Importance of the Past Tense in Kirghiz ===
The past tense is a vital component of any language, allowing us to communicate not just what is happening now, but also what has happened before. In Kirghiz, mastering the past tense opens the door to richer conversations and storytelling.
=== Structure of the Lesson ===
1. '''Introduction to the Past Tense'''
2. '''Conjugation of Verbs in the Past Tense'''
3. '''Affirmative Sentences'''
4. '''Negative Sentences'''
5. '''Interrogative Sentences'''
6. '''Examples'''
7. '''Exercises'''
8. '''Solutions and Explanations'''
== Introduction to the Past Tense ==
In Kirghiz, the past tense serves to indicate actions that have been completed. To form the past tense, we typically take the base form of the verb and apply certain suffixes. The exact suffix can vary depending on the verb's root and the subject performing the action.
=== Conjugation of Verbs in the Past Tense ===
To conjugate verbs in the past tense, we often append specific endings based on the subject of the sentence. Here are the common past tense suffixes:


<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Noun-Cases|Noun Cases]] & [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]].</span>
* '''-ды / -ди''': used for the 1st and 2nd person singular
== Regular Verbs in the Past Tense ==


To conjugate regular verbs in the past tense, all you have to do is add the appropriate past tense ending to the verb stem. These endings vary depending on the person (first, second, or third) and number (singular or plural). Here is the basic structure for conjugating regular verbs in the past tense:
* '''-ды / -ди''': used for the 3rd person singular


Verb stem + Past tense ending
* '''-быз / -биз''': used for the 1st person plural


=== Past Tense Endings ===
* '''-дыңар / -динер''': used for the 2nd person plural


Here is a table that shows the past tense endings for regular Kirghiz verbs:
* '''-ды / -ди''': used for the 3rd person plural
 
The choice of suffixes can depend on vowel harmony, which is an important aspect of Kirghiz phonetics.
 
=== Affirmative Sentences ===
 
Affirmative sentences state that something has happened. Here’s how to form them:
 
1. Start with the subject.
 
2. Follow with the verb in the past tense.
 
3. Add any additional information.
 
Here’s a simple formula:
 
'''Subject + Verb (Past Tense) + Object/Additional Info'''
 
=== Negative Sentences ===
 
To create negative sentences in Kirghiz, you will typically add the word '''"емес"''' (meaning "not") after the verb.
 
The structure is:
 
'''Subject + Verb (Past Tense) + эмес + Object/Additional Info'''
 
=== Interrogative Sentences ===
 
Interrogative sentences ask questions and can be formed by adding a question particle at the end of the statement. The common question particle is '''"бы"''' or '''"би?"''', which can vary based on the subject.
 
The structure is:
 
'''Subject + Verb (Past Tense) + бы/би?'''
 
== Examples ==
 
Let's take a look at some examples of past tense conjugation in Kirghiz:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Person !! Singular !! Plural
 
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Мен бардым. || Men bardım. || I went.
 
|-
 
| Сен келдиң. || Sen keldin. || You came.
 
|-
 
| Алтын көрдү. || Altyn kördü. || Altyn saw.
 
|-
 
| Биз жеп алдык. || Biz jep aldık. || We ate.
 
|-
 
| Силер жаздыңар. || Siler jazdıngar. || You (plural) wrote.
 
|-
|-
| 1st (I, we) || -дым (-дим) || -дык (-дик)
 
| Алар сүйлөштү. || Alar süylöshtü. || They spoke.
 
|-
|-
| 2nd (you) || -дың (-диң) || -дыңыз (-диңиз)
 
| Мен китеп окудум. || Men kitep okudum. || I read a book.
 
|-
|-
| 3rd (he, she, it, they) || -ды (-ди) || -ды (-ди)
|}
Note that there are two different endings for each person — one for verbs with back vowels (а, о, у, ы) and one for verbs with front vowels (е, и, ө, ү).


Let's see some examples:
| Сен өткөрдүң. || Sen ötkördün. || You held.


{| class="wikitable"
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Мен жаздым  || Men jazdım || I wrote
 
| Ал чеккен. || Al chekken. || He/She drank.
 
|-
|-
| Сен жаздың || Sen jazdıñ || You wrote
 
| Биз сүрөт тарттык. || Biz süröt tarttık. || We drew a picture.
 
|-
|-
| Ал жазды || Al jazdı || He/She/It wrote
 
| Силер ырдадыңар. || Siler yrdadınar. || You (plural) sang.
 
|-
|-
| Биз жаздык || Biz jazdık || We wrote
 
| Алар иштеди. || Alar ishtedi. || They worked.
 
|-
|-
| Силер жаздыңыз || Siler jazdıñız || You all wrote
 
| Мен үйгө бардым. || Men üygö bardım. || I went home.
 
|-
|-
| Алар жазды || Alar jazdı || They wrote
|}


== Irregular Verbs in the Past Tense ==
| Сен кино көрдүң. || Sen kino kördün. || You watched a movie.


While most verbs in Kirghiz follow the pattern described above, there are some irregular verbs that conjugate a bit differently. Some common irregular verbs in the past tense include:
|-


* баруу (to go)
| Ал кечке чейин отурду. || Al kechke cheyin oturdu. || He/She sat until evening.
* келүү (to come)
* көрүү (to see)


Here is a table that shows the past tense conjugation for these irregular verbs:
|-
 
| Биз топтоштук. || Biz toptoshtuq. || We gathered.


{| class="wikitable"
! Verb !! 1st singular !! 2nd singular !! 3rd singular !! 1st plural !! 2nd plural !! 3rd plural
|-
|-
| баруу || бардым || бардың || барды || бардык || бардыңыз || барды
 
| Силер китеп жаздыңар. || Siler kitep jazdıngar. || You (plural) wrote a book.
 
|-
|-
| келүү || келдим || келдиң || келди || келдик || келдиңиз || келди
 
| Алар муздак суу ичти. || Alar muzdak suu içti. || They drank cold water.
 
|-
 
| Мен жаңы жумушка бардым. || Men jany jumushka bardım. || I went to a new job.
 
|-
|-
| көрүү || көрдүм || көрдүң || көрдү || көрдүк || көрдүңүз || көрдү
 
| Сен досторуң менен чыктың. || Sen dostoruñ menen chıktın. || You went out with your friends.
 
|}
|}


+ Practice forming simple past tense sentences with these irregular verbs.
== Exercises ==
 
Now that we’ve covered the essential components of the past tense, let’s put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!
 
=== Exercise 1: Conjugate the Verbs ===
 
Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense based on the subject provided.
 
1. (Мен) '''жаз''' (to write)
 
2. (Сен) '''көр''' (to see)
 
3. (Ал) '''кет''' (to leave)
 
4. (Биз) '''сүйлө''' (to speak)
 
5. (Силер) '''жеп''' (to eat)
 
=== Exercise 2: Form Affirmative Sentences ===
 
Create affirmative sentences using the past tense with the following subjects and verbs.
 
1. (Мен) '''сүрөт тарт''' (to draw a picture)
 
2. (Сен) '''китеп оку''' (to read a book)
 
3. (Ал) '''суу ич''' (to drink water)
 
4. (Биз) '''жөнөт''' (to send)
 
5. (Силер) '''көр''' (to see)
 
=== Exercise 3: Create Negative Sentences ===
 
Transform the following affirmative sentences into negative sentences.
 
1. Мен кино көрдүм.
 
2. Сен тамак жедиң.
 
3. Ал китеп жазды.
 
4. Биз мектепке бардык.
 
5. Силер сүйлөдүңөр.
 
=== Exercise 4: Form Interrogative Sentences ===
 
Ask questions using the past tense with the following subjects and verbs.
 
1. (Мен) '''жаз''' (to write)
 
2. (Сен) '''көр''' (to see)
 
3. (Ал) '''кет''' (to leave)
 
4. (Биз) '''сүйлө''' (to speak)
 
5. (Силер) '''жеп''' (to eat)
 
=== Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences ===
 
Translate the following sentences from English to Kirghiz in the past tense.
 
1. I went to the market.
 
2. You played football.
 
3. He learned the language.
 
4. We traveled to Bishkek.
 
5. They danced at the party.
 
=== Exercise 6: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb in the past tense.
 
1. Мен __________ (бара) үйгө.
 
2. Сен __________ (сүйлөш) доорунда.
 
3. Ал __________ (көр) кино.
 
4. Биз __________ (жаз) кат.
 
5. Силер __________ (жеп) торт.
 
=== Exercise 7: Create Sentences ===
 
Write your own sentences using the following prompts.
 
1. (Мен) жеп __________ (to eat)
 
2. (Силер) барған __________ (to go)
 
3. (Ал) сүйлөгөн __________ (to speak)
 
4. (Биз) көргөн __________ (to see)
 
5. (Сен) жазган __________ (to write)
 
=== Exercise 8: Identify the Errors ===
 
Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
 
1. Мен бардык. (I went)
 
2. Сен жеп жатат. (You are eating)
 
3. Ал көрдү. (He saw)
 
4. Биз сүйлөдү. (We spoke)
 
5. Силер кетти. (You left)
 
=== Exercise 9: Answer the Questions ===
 
Respond to the past tense questions you formulated in Exercise 4.
 
1. What did you write?
 
2. What did you see?
 
3. Where did he leave?
 
4. What did we speak about?
 
5. What did you (plural) eat?
 
=== Exercise 10: Write a Short Story ===
 
Using the past tense, write a short story (3-5 sentences) about what you did yesterday.
 
== Solutions and Explanations ==
 
Now, let’s go through the solutions for each exercise to help you understand the correct answers and reinforce your learning.
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 1 ===
 
1. Мен жаздым. (Men jazdım.)
 
2. Сен көрдүң. (Sen kördün.)
 
3. Ал кетти. (Al ketti.)
 
4. Биз сүйлөдүк. (Biz süylödük.)
 
5. Силер жеди. (Siler jedi.)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 2 ===
 
1. Мен сүрөт тарттым. (Men süröt tarttım.)
 
2. Сен китеп окудуң. (Sen kitep okudun.)
 
3. Ал суу ичти. (Al suu içti.)
 
4. Биз жөнөттүк. (Biz jönöttük.)
 
5. Силер көрдүңөр. (Siler kördünör.)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 3 ===
 
1. Мен кино көргөн эмесмин.
 
2. Сен тамак жебегенсиң.
 
3. Ал китеп жазган эмес.
 
4. Биз мектепке барган эмеспиз.
 
5. Силер сүйлөбөй калгансыздар.


Now that we know how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the past tense, let's practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
=== Solutions for Exercise 4 ===


== Affirmative Sentences in the Past Tense ==
1. Мен жаздыңбы? (Did I write?)


To form an affirmative sentence in the past tense, you simply need to conjugate the verb and place it at the end of the sentence, following the subject-object-verb order.
2. Сен көрдүңбү? (Did you see?)


Example:
3. Ал кеттиби? (Did he leave?)


Мен китеп окудум. (Men kitep okudum)
4. Биз сүйлөдүбү? (Did we speak?)
I read a book.


== Negative Sentences in the Past Tense ==
5. Силер жеп алдыңарбы? (Did you eat?)


To form a negative sentence in the past tense, you should add the negative particle "емес" (emes) after the past tense verb.
=== Solutions for Exercise 5 ===


Example:
1. Мен базарга бардым. (Men bazarga bardım.)


Мен китеп окудум емес. (Men kitep okudum emes)
2. Сен футбол ойнодуң. (Sen futbol oynodun.)
I didn't read a book.


== Interrogative Sentences in the Past Tense ==
3. Ал тилди үйрөндү. (Al tildi üyründü.)


For questions in the past tense, simply add the question particle "ба?" (ba?) to the end of the sentence.
4. Биз Бишкекке саякат кылдык. (Biz Bishkekke sayakat kıldık.)


Example:
5. Алар тойдо бийлешти. (Alar toydo biyleşti.)


Мен китеп окудум ба? (Men kitep okudum ba?)
=== Solutions for Exercise 6 ===
Did I read a book?


Now you know the basics of conjugating Kirghiz verbs in the past tense! I hope this lesson was helpful and made it easier for you to talk about past events in Kirghiz. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep practicing these conjugations and sentence structures until they become second nature. Plus, don't forget to explore more aspects of Kirghiz culture and language to make your learning experience even more enjoyable.
1. Мен бардым.


Good luck, and happy learning!
2. Сен сүйлөштүң.
 
3. Ал көрдү.
 
4. Биз жаздык.
 
5. Силер жеп алдыңар.
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 7 ===
 
This is subjective; there are multiple correct answers.
 
1. Мен жеп алгам. (I ate.)
 
2. Силер барғанбыз. (You (plural) went.)
 
3. Ал сүйлөгөн. (He spoke.)
 
4. Биз көргөнбуз. (We saw.)
 
5. Сен жазгансың. (You wrote.)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 8 ===
 
1. Мен барганмын. (I went.)
 
2. Сен жеп алдың. (You ate.)
 
3. Ал көргөн. (He saw.)
 
4. Биз сүйлөшкөнбүз. (We spoke.)
 
5. Силер кетишкен. (You left.)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 9 ===
 
This is subjective; there are multiple correct answers.
 
1. Мен китеп жаздым. (I wrote a book.)
 
2. Мен кино көрдүм. (I watched a movie.)
 
3. Ал мектепке кетти. (He left for school.)
 
4. Биз кыргыз тилин сүйлөштүк. (We spoke Kyrgyz.)
 
5. Биз балык жедик. (We ate fish.)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 10 ===
 
This is subjective; there are multiple correct answers.
 
In conclusion, the past tense in Kirghiz opens a window to express experiences, share stories, and connect with others through shared memories. Practice makes perfect, and I encourage you to revisit these structures often as you continue your journey in learning Kirghiz.


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Kirghiz Grammar: Past Tense Conjugation
 
|keywords=Kirghiz, past tense, conjugation, regular verbs, irregular verbs, affirmative, negative, interrogative, sentences, practice
|title=Kirghiz Grammar Lesson on Past Tense
 
|keywords=Kirghiz language, past tense, verbs, conjugation, grammar lesson
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate Kirghiz verbs in the past tense and practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate Kirghiz verbs in the past tense and practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.


{{Kirghiz-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
}}
 
{{Template:Kirghiz-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
Line 126: Line 453:
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Kirghiz-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Kirghiz-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4></span> <span temperature=1></span>
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
 


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
Line 138: Line 467:
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|Personal Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|Personal Pronouns]]


{{Kirghiz-Page-Bottom}}
{{Kirghiz-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>
 
<span pgnav>
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"  
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"  

Latest revision as of 21:18, 1 August 2024

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️

Kyrgyz-language-lessons-polyglotclub-wiki.jpg
Kirghiz → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Past Tense

Welcome to the Kirghiz Grammar lesson on the Past Tense! Today, we’ll embark on a fascinating journey into the realm of past actions in the Kirghiz language. Understanding the past tense is crucial for effective communication, as it allows you to express experiences, narrate stories, and share memories.

In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in the past tense and create affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. We’ll provide a variety of examples to solidify your understanding, followed by engaging exercises to practice what you’ve learned.

Get ready to dive into the structure of the past tense in Kirghiz, and by the end of this lesson, you will feel confident forming sentences that describe actions that have already occurred.

Importance of the Past Tense in Kirghiz[edit | edit source]

The past tense is a vital component of any language, allowing us to communicate not just what is happening now, but also what has happened before. In Kirghiz, mastering the past tense opens the door to richer conversations and storytelling.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

1. Introduction to the Past Tense

2. Conjugation of Verbs in the Past Tense

3. Affirmative Sentences

4. Negative Sentences

5. Interrogative Sentences

6. Examples

7. Exercises

8. Solutions and Explanations

Introduction to the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

In Kirghiz, the past tense serves to indicate actions that have been completed. To form the past tense, we typically take the base form of the verb and apply certain suffixes. The exact suffix can vary depending on the verb's root and the subject performing the action.

Conjugation of Verbs in the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

To conjugate verbs in the past tense, we often append specific endings based on the subject of the sentence. Here are the common past tense suffixes:

  • -ды / -ди: used for the 1st and 2nd person singular
  • -ды / -ди: used for the 3rd person singular
  • -быз / -биз: used for the 1st person plural
  • -дыңар / -динер: used for the 2nd person plural
  • -ды / -ди: used for the 3rd person plural

The choice of suffixes can depend on vowel harmony, which is an important aspect of Kirghiz phonetics.

Affirmative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Affirmative sentences state that something has happened. Here’s how to form them:

1. Start with the subject.

2. Follow with the verb in the past tense.

3. Add any additional information.

Here’s a simple formula:

Subject + Verb (Past Tense) + Object/Additional Info

Negative Sentences[edit | edit source]

To create negative sentences in Kirghiz, you will typically add the word "емес" (meaning "not") after the verb.

The structure is:

Subject + Verb (Past Tense) + эмес + Object/Additional Info

Interrogative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Interrogative sentences ask questions and can be formed by adding a question particle at the end of the statement. The common question particle is "бы" or "би?", which can vary based on the subject.

The structure is:

Subject + Verb (Past Tense) + бы/би?

Examples[edit | edit source]

Let's take a look at some examples of past tense conjugation in Kirghiz:

Kirghiz Pronunciation English
Мен бардым. Men bardım. I went.
Сен келдиң. Sen keldin. You came.
Алтын көрдү. Altyn kördü. Altyn saw.
Биз жеп алдык. Biz jep aldık. We ate.
Силер жаздыңар. Siler jazdıngar. You (plural) wrote.
Алар сүйлөштү. Alar süylöshtü. They spoke.
Мен китеп окудум. Men kitep okudum. I read a book.
Сен өткөрдүң. Sen ötkördün. You held.
Ал чеккен. Al chekken. He/She drank.
Биз сүрөт тарттык. Biz süröt tarttık. We drew a picture.
Силер ырдадыңар. Siler yrdadınar. You (plural) sang.
Алар иштеди. Alar ishtedi. They worked.
Мен үйгө бардым. Men üygö bardım. I went home.
Сен кино көрдүң. Sen kino kördün. You watched a movie.
Ал кечке чейин отурду. Al kechke cheyin oturdu. He/She sat until evening.
Биз топтоштук. Biz toptoshtuq. We gathered.
Силер китеп жаздыңар. Siler kitep jazdıngar. You (plural) wrote a book.
Алар муздак суу ичти. Alar muzdak suu içti. They drank cold water.
Мен жаңы жумушка бардым. Men jany jumushka bardım. I went to a new job.
Сен досторуң менен чыктың. Sen dostoruñ menen chıktın. You went out with your friends.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the essential components of the past tense, let’s put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!

Exercise 1: Conjugate the Verbs[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense based on the subject provided.

1. (Мен) жаз (to write)

2. (Сен) көр (to see)

3. (Ал) кет (to leave)

4. (Биз) сүйлө (to speak)

5. (Силер) жеп (to eat)

Exercise 2: Form Affirmative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create affirmative sentences using the past tense with the following subjects and verbs.

1. (Мен) сүрөт тарт (to draw a picture)

2. (Сен) китеп оку (to read a book)

3. (Ал) суу ич (to drink water)

4. (Биз) жөнөт (to send)

5. (Силер) көр (to see)

Exercise 3: Create Negative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Transform the following affirmative sentences into negative sentences.

1. Мен кино көрдүм.

2. Сен тамак жедиң.

3. Ал китеп жазды.

4. Биз мектепке бардык.

5. Силер сүйлөдүңөр.

Exercise 4: Form Interrogative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Ask questions using the past tense with the following subjects and verbs.

1. (Мен) жаз (to write)

2. (Сен) көр (to see)

3. (Ал) кет (to leave)

4. (Биз) сүйлө (to speak)

5. (Силер) жеп (to eat)

Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences from English to Kirghiz in the past tense.

1. I went to the market.

2. You played football.

3. He learned the language.

4. We traveled to Bishkek.

5. They danced at the party.

Exercise 6: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb in the past tense.

1. Мен __________ (бара) үйгө.

2. Сен __________ (сүйлөш) доорунда.

3. Ал __________ (көр) кино.

4. Биз __________ (жаз) кат.

5. Силер __________ (жеп) торт.

Exercise 7: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write your own sentences using the following prompts.

1. (Мен) жеп __________ (to eat)

2. (Силер) барған __________ (to go)

3. (Ал) сүйлөгөн __________ (to speak)

4. (Биз) көргөн __________ (to see)

5. (Сен) жазган __________ (to write)

Exercise 8: Identify the Errors[edit | edit source]

Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. Мен бардык. (I went)

2. Сен жеп жатат. (You are eating)

3. Ал көрдү. (He saw)

4. Биз сүйлөдү. (We spoke)

5. Силер кетти. (You left)

Exercise 9: Answer the Questions[edit | edit source]

Respond to the past tense questions you formulated in Exercise 4.

1. What did you write?

2. What did you see?

3. Where did he leave?

4. What did we speak about?

5. What did you (plural) eat?

Exercise 10: Write a Short Story[edit | edit source]

Using the past tense, write a short story (3-5 sentences) about what you did yesterday.

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s go through the solutions for each exercise to help you understand the correct answers and reinforce your learning.

Solutions for Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Мен жаздым. (Men jazdım.)

2. Сен көрдүң. (Sen kördün.)

3. Ал кетти. (Al ketti.)

4. Биз сүйлөдүк. (Biz süylödük.)

5. Силер жеди. (Siler jedi.)

Solutions for Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. Мен сүрөт тарттым. (Men süröt tarttım.)

2. Сен китеп окудуң. (Sen kitep okudun.)

3. Ал суу ичти. (Al suu içti.)

4. Биз жөнөттүк. (Biz jönöttük.)

5. Силер көрдүңөр. (Siler kördünör.)

Solutions for Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. Мен кино көргөн эмесмин.

2. Сен тамак жебегенсиң.

3. Ал китеп жазган эмес.

4. Биз мектепке барган эмеспиз.

5. Силер сүйлөбөй калгансыздар.

Solutions for Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. Мен жаздыңбы? (Did I write?)

2. Сен көрдүңбү? (Did you see?)

3. Ал кеттиби? (Did he leave?)

4. Биз сүйлөдүбү? (Did we speak?)

5. Силер жеп алдыңарбы? (Did you eat?)

Solutions for Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

1. Мен базарга бардым. (Men bazarga bardım.)

2. Сен футбол ойнодуң. (Sen futbol oynodun.)

3. Ал тилди үйрөндү. (Al tildi üyründü.)

4. Биз Бишкекке саякат кылдык. (Biz Bishkekke sayakat kıldık.)

5. Алар тойдо бийлешти. (Alar toydo biyleşti.)

Solutions for Exercise 6[edit | edit source]

1. Мен бардым.

2. Сен сүйлөштүң.

3. Ал көрдү.

4. Биз жаздык.

5. Силер жеп алдыңар.

Solutions for Exercise 7[edit | edit source]

This is subjective; there are multiple correct answers.

1. Мен жеп алгам. (I ate.)

2. Силер барғанбыз. (You (plural) went.)

3. Ал сүйлөгөн. (He spoke.)

4. Биз көргөнбуз. (We saw.)

5. Сен жазгансың. (You wrote.)

Solutions for Exercise 8[edit | edit source]

1. Мен барганмын. (I went.)

2. Сен жеп алдың. (You ate.)

3. Ал көргөн. (He saw.)

4. Биз сүйлөшкөнбүз. (We spoke.)

5. Силер кетишкен. (You left.)

Solutions for Exercise 9[edit | edit source]

This is subjective; there are multiple correct answers.

1. Мен китеп жаздым. (I wrote a book.)

2. Мен кино көрдүм. (I watched a movie.)

3. Ал мектепке кетти. (He left for school.)

4. Биз кыргыз тилин сүйлөштүк. (We spoke Kyrgyz.)

5. Биз балык жедик. (We ate fish.)

Solutions for Exercise 10[edit | edit source]

This is subjective; there are multiple correct answers.

In conclusion, the past tense in Kirghiz opens a window to express experiences, share stories, and connect with others through shared memories. Practice makes perfect, and I encourage you to revisit these structures often as you continue your journey in learning Kirghiz.

Table of Contents - Kirghiz Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Kirghiz Customs and Traditions


Travel and Transportation


Adjectives and Adverbs


Weather and Seasons


Kirghiz Literature and Music


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Past-Tense&oldid=296533"