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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Bulgarian/Culture/Literary-Translation|◀️ Literary Translation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Perfective-and-Imperfective-Verbs|Next Lesson — Perfective and Imperfective Verbs ▶️]]
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{{Bulgarian-Page-Top}}
{{Bulgarian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Bulgarian|Bulgarian]]  → [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Present Tense</div>
Welcome to this exciting lesson on the '''Present Tense''' in Bulgarian! Understanding verb tenses is crucial for any language learner, as it allows you to express actions occurring in the present moment. As you embark on this journey into Bulgarian grammar, you’ll discover the beauty and complexity of the Bulgarian language, while also building a solid foundation for your communication skills.
In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:


<div class="pg_page_title">Bulgarian Grammar → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense</div>
__TOC__
__TOC__


As a Bulgarian language teacher with 20 years of experience, I find the present tense to be one of the most important aspects of Bulgarian grammar. It's essential for students to learn how to use the present tense of Bulgarian verbs properly. So, in this lesson, you'll learn everything you need to know about the present tense in Bulgarian.
=== Importance of the Present Tense ===
 
The present tense is one of the most commonly used verb tenses in any language. It allows you to describe what is happening right now, habitual actions, and general truths. In Bulgarian, mastering the present tense will enable you to engage in simple conversations, share your daily activities, and express your thoughts more clearly.
 
=== Structure of the Lesson ===
 
Our lesson is organized into several sections to help you navigate through the topic effectively:
 
* '''Understanding Present Tense''': We'll discuss what the present tense is and its importance in Bulgarian.
 
* '''Conjugation of Regular Verbs''': You'll learn how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense.
 
* '''Conjugation of Irregular Verbs''': We will cover some common irregular verbs and their conjugations.
 
* '''Examples of Present Tense Verbs''': A comprehensive list of examples to illustrate the usage of the present tense.
 
* '''Practice Exercises''': Engage with exercises designed to reinforce what you've learned, along with detailed solutions.
 
== Understanding Present Tense ==
 
The present tense in Bulgarian, known as "настояще време", is used to describe actions that are currently happening or are habitual. For instance:
 
* I speak Bulgarian. (Аз говоря български.)
 
* She eats breakfast every morning. (Тя яде закуска всяка сутрин.)
 
The present tense is essential for effective communication as it allows you to share immediate experiences and daily routines.
 
== Conjugation of Regular Verbs ==
 
Regular verbs in Bulgarian follow predictable patterns for conjugation. Let’s take a look at how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense.
 
=== Conjugation Pattern ===
 
The present tense conjugation for regular verbs typically involves the following endings based on the subject pronoun:
 
* '''Аз (I)''' - -я / -я (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
 
* '''Ти (You)''' - -иш / -еш (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
 
* '''Той/Тя/То (He/She/It)''' - -и (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
 
* '''Ние (We)''' - -им / -ем (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
 
* '''Вие (You plural/formal)''' - -ите / -ете (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
 
* '''Те (They)''' - -ят / -ят (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
 
=== Regular Verb Examples ===
 
Here are some examples of regular verb conjugations in the present tense:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bulgarian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Аз говоря || az govorya || I speak
 
|-
 
| Ти говориш || ti govorish || You speak
 
|-
 
| Той говори || toy govori || He speaks
 
|-
 
| Ние говорим || nie govorim || We speak
 
|-
 
| Вие говорите || vie govorite || You (plural/formal) speak
 
|-
 
| Те говорят || te govoryat || They speak


== The Present Tense ==
|}
The present tense is used to describe actions or events that are happening right now. In Bulgarian, the present tense has three types of endings depending on the verb conjugation. The three types of endings are for the First, Second, and Third Persons.


Here is an overview table of present tense verb endings:
Now, let’s look at another regular verb, "да работя" (to work):


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Person/Subject !! First Conjugation !! Second Conjugation !! Third Conjugation
 
! Bulgarian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Аз работя || az rabotya || I work
 
|-
 
| Ти работиш || ti rabotish || You work
 
|-
 
| Той работи || toy raboti || He works
 
|-
 
| Ние работим || nie rabotim || We work
 
|-
|-
| I/ Я || -а || -я || -а
 
| Вие работите || vie rabotite || You (plural/formal) work
 
|-
 
| Те работят || te rabotyat || They work
 
|}
 
== Conjugation of Irregular Verbs ==
 
Irregular verbs do not follow the standard conjugation patterns, making them unique and essential for your vocabulary. Here are a few common irregular verbs in the present tense:
 
=== Common Irregular Verbs ===
 
1. '''да бъда''' (to be)
 
2. '''да имам''' (to have)
 
3. '''да правя''' (to do/make)
 
Here’s how they conjugate in the present tense:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bulgarian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| You/ Ти || -аш || -иш || и
 
| Аз съм || az sŭm || I am
 
|-
|-
| He/ Той || -а || -и || -ва
 
| Ти си || ti si || You are
 
|-
|-
| She/ Тя || -а || -и || -ва
 
| Той/Тя/То е || toy/tya/to e || He/She/It is
 
|-
|-
| We/ Ние || -аме || -име || -ем
 
| Ние сме || nie sme || We are
 
|-
|-
| You (plural)/ Вие || -ате || -ите || -ете
 
| Вие сте || vie ste || You (plural/formal) are
 
|-
|-
| They/ Те || -ат || -ят || -ят
 
| Те са || te sa || They are
 
|}
|}


Here are some examples:
And for "да имам" (to have):
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bulgarian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Аз имам || az imam || I have
 
|-
 
| Ти имаш || ti imash || You have
 
|-
 
| Той/Тя/То има || toy/tya/to ima || He/She/It has
 
|-


* Пе́я - I sing - аз пе́я, ти пе́еш, той/тя́ пе́е, ние пе́ем, вие пе́ете, те пе́ят (peya)
| Ние имаме || nie imame || We have
* Говоря - I speak - аз говоря, ти говориш, той/тя́ говори́, ние говори́м, вие говори́те, те говоря́т (govorya)


Please note that these are only examples of the three types of endings for the present tense. There are exceptions to these rules, and students should learn the endings of each verb conjugation pattern.
|-


== Tips for Using the Present Tense ==
| Вие имате || vie imate || You (plural/formal) have


1. Use the present tense to describe actions or situations that are currently taking place.
|-


2. Use the present tense to make general statements or express habitual actions.
| Те имат || te imat || They have


3. Don't forget about irregular verbs that don't follow the patterns like "съм" (am), "имам" (have), and "искам" (want).
|}


4. Be careful with verbs that sound similar but have different meanings like "седя" (sit) and "съм" (am).
== Examples of Present Tense Verbs ==


5. Remember to match the verb with the person or subject.
Let's dive into more examples that illustrate the usage of the present tense in different contexts. Each example will include the Bulgarian phrase, its pronunciation, and the English translation.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bulgarian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Аз чета книга. || az cheta kniga. || I read a book.
 
|-
 
| Ти пишеш писмо. || ti pishes pismo. || You write a letter.
 
|-
 
| Той учи математика. || toy uchi matematika. || He studies mathematics.
 
|-
 
| Ние играем футбол. || nie igraem futbol. || We play football.
 
|-
 
| Вие слушате музика. || vie slushate muzika. || You (plural) listen to music.
 
|-
 
| Те готвят вечеря. || te gotvyat vecherya. || They cook dinner.
 
|-
 
| Аз обичам шоколад. || az obicham shokolad. || I love chocolate.
 
|-
 
| Ти пътуваш често. || ti pŭtuvash chesto. || You travel often.
 
|-
 
| Той работи в офис. || toy raboti v ofis. || He works in an office.
 
|-
 
| Ние гледаме телевизия. || nie gledame televizия. || We watch television.
 
|-
 
| Вие говорите на английски. || vie govorite na angliyski. || You (plural) speak English.
 
|-
 
| Те учат чужди езици. || te uchat chuzhdi ezitsi. || They study foreign languages.
 
|-
 
| Аз играя на пиано. || az igraya na piano. || I play the piano.
 
|-
 
| Ти танцуваш добре. || ti tantsuvash dobre. || You dance well.
 
|-
 
| Той рисува картини. || toy risuva kartini. || He paints pictures.
 
|-
 
| Ние спим дълбоко. || nie spim dŭlboko. || We sleep deeply.
 
|-
 
| Вие купувате храна. || vie kupuvate hrana. || You (plural) buy food.
 
|-
 
| Те създават проекти. || te sŭzdavat proekti. || They create projects.
 
|-
 
| Аз съм щастлив. || az sŭm shtastliv. || I am happy.
 
|}


== Practice Exercises ==
== Practice Exercises ==


1. Conjugate the verbs "писа" (write) and "отивам" (go) in the present tense.
Now that we've covered the theory, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice what you’ve learned about the present tense.
 
=== Exercise 1: Conjugate the Verbs ===
 
Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense for all subject pronouns:


2. Translate the following sentences into Bulgarian using the present tense:
1. да пиша (to write)


* I am a student.
2. да чета (to read)
* She likes to dance.
* We eat breakfast every day.
* They don't work on weekends.
* Do you speak Bulgarian?


3. Write three sentences in Bulgarian using the present tense to describe what you are doing now.
=== Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks ===


== Sources ==
Fill in the blanks with the correct present tense form of the verb in parentheses:
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_verbs Bulgarian verbs]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_grammar Bulgarian grammar]
1. Аз ________ (да работя) в офис.
 
2. Ти ________ (да слушам) музика.
 
=== Exercise 3: Translate to Bulgarian ===
 
Translate the following sentences into Bulgarian:
 
1. They eat lunch.
 
2. We play chess.
 
=== Exercise 4: Match the Sentences ===
 
Match the English sentences with their Bulgarian translations:
 
1. I have a dog.
 
2. She studies biology.
 
a. Аз имам куче.
 
b. Тя учи биология.
 
=== Exercise 5: Create Sentences ===
 
Create sentences in Bulgarian using the following verbs in the present tense:
 
1. да играя (to play)
 
2. да обичам (to love)
 
=== Detailed Solutions ===
 
Now, let’s review the solutions for the exercises.
 
==== Solution to Exercise 1: Conjugate the Verbs ===
 
1. '''да пиша''' (to write)
 
* Аз пиша
 
* Ти пишеш
 
* Той/Тя/То пише
 
* Ние пишем
 
* Вие пишете
 
* Те пишат
 
2. '''да чета''' (to read)
 
* Аз чета
 
* Ти четеш
 
* Той/Тя/То чете
 
* Ние четем
 
* Вие четете
 
* Те четат
 
==== Solution to Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
1. Аз '''работя''' в офис.
 
2. Ти '''слушаш''' музика.
 
==== Solution to Exercise 3: Translate to Bulgarian ===
 
1. Те '''ядат''' обяд.
 
2. Ние '''играем''' шах.
 
==== Solution to Exercise 4: Match the Sentences ===
 
1. I have a dog. - a. Аз имам куче.
 
2. She studies biology. - b. Тя учи биология.
 
==== Solution to Exercise 5: Create Sentences ===
 
1. Аз '''играя''' футбол.
 
2. Аз '''обичам''' шоколад.
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to express yourself fluently in Bulgarian. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every bit of practice brings you closer to your goals.


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Bulgarian Grammar → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense
 
|keywords=Bulgarian grammar, present tense, Bulgarian verbs, language lesson, Bulgarian language, beginner level
|title=Bulgarian Grammar: Present Tense Overview
|description=In this lesson, you'll learn everything you need to know about the present tense in Bulgarian. It's essential for students to learn how to use the present tense of Bulgarian verbs properly.  
 
|keywords=Bulgarian, Present Tense, Bulgarian Grammar, Verbs, Language Learning
 
|description=This lesson covers the present tense in Bulgarian, including verb conjugations, examples, and practice exercises to help beginners master this essential aspect of the language.
 
}}
}}


{{Bulgarian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Bulgarian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Bulgarian-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Bulgarian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Videos==
===Verbs in Bulgarian: Personal Pronouns, Present, Past and Future ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UgWHLy9Or4U</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_verbs Bulgarian verbs - Wikipedia]
* [https://www.bulgarianpod101.com/blog/2021/07/08/bulgarian-tenses/ Bulgarian Tenses: Expressing the Past, Present, and Future]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_grammar Bulgarian grammar - Wikipedia]
* [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bbm:978-94-015-9355-7/1.pdf APPENDIX THE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BULGARIAN ...]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Adverbs-–-Наречия|Adverbs – Наречия]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives|Comparatives and Superlatives]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Cases|Cases]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/PRESENT-SIMPLE-TENSE-–-Сегашно-време|PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE – Сегашно време]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/PERSONAL-PRONOUNS-–-Лични-местоимения|PERSONAL PRONOUNS – Лични местоимения]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/SHORT-POSSESSIVE-PRONOUNS-–-Кратки-притежателни-местоимения|SHORT POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS – Кратки притежателни местоимения]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Vowels|Vowels]]
* [[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Types-of-Questions-–-Видове-въпроси|Types of Questions – Видове въпроси]]


{{Bulgarian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Bulgarian-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Bulgarian/Culture/Literary-Translation|◀️ Literary Translation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Bulgarian/Grammar/Perfective-and-Imperfective-Verbs|Next Lesson — Perfective and Imperfective Verbs ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 03:51, 1 August 2024

◀️ Literary Translation — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Perfective and Imperfective Verbs ▶️

Bulgarian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Bulgarian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Present Tense

Welcome to this exciting lesson on the Present Tense in Bulgarian! Understanding verb tenses is crucial for any language learner, as it allows you to express actions occurring in the present moment. As you embark on this journey into Bulgarian grammar, you’ll discover the beauty and complexity of the Bulgarian language, while also building a solid foundation for your communication skills.

In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:

Importance of the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense is one of the most commonly used verb tenses in any language. It allows you to describe what is happening right now, habitual actions, and general truths. In Bulgarian, mastering the present tense will enable you to engage in simple conversations, share your daily activities, and express your thoughts more clearly.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

Our lesson is organized into several sections to help you navigate through the topic effectively:

  • Understanding Present Tense: We'll discuss what the present tense is and its importance in Bulgarian.
  • Conjugation of Regular Verbs: You'll learn how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense.
  • Conjugation of Irregular Verbs: We will cover some common irregular verbs and their conjugations.
  • Examples of Present Tense Verbs: A comprehensive list of examples to illustrate the usage of the present tense.
  • Practice Exercises: Engage with exercises designed to reinforce what you've learned, along with detailed solutions.

Understanding Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense in Bulgarian, known as "настояще време", is used to describe actions that are currently happening or are habitual. For instance:

  • I speak Bulgarian. (Аз говоря български.)
  • She eats breakfast every morning. (Тя яде закуска всяка сутрин.)

The present tense is essential for effective communication as it allows you to share immediate experiences and daily routines.

Conjugation of Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in Bulgarian follow predictable patterns for conjugation. Let’s take a look at how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense.

Conjugation Pattern[edit | edit source]

The present tense conjugation for regular verbs typically involves the following endings based on the subject pronoun:

  • Аз (I) - -я / -я (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
  • Ти (You) - -иш / -еш (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
  • Той/Тя/То (He/She/It) - -и (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
  • Ние (We) - -им / -ем (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
  • Вие (You plural/formal) - -ите / -ете (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)
  • Те (They) - -ят / -ят (for verbs ending in -ва, -а, -е)

Regular Verb Examples[edit | edit source]

Here are some examples of regular verb conjugations in the present tense:

Bulgarian Pronunciation English
Аз говоря az govorya I speak
Ти говориш ti govorish You speak
Той говори toy govori He speaks
Ние говорим nie govorim We speak
Вие говорите vie govorite You (plural/formal) speak
Те говорят te govoryat They speak

Now, let’s look at another regular verb, "да работя" (to work):

Bulgarian Pronunciation English
Аз работя az rabotya I work
Ти работиш ti rabotish You work
Той работи toy raboti He works
Ние работим nie rabotim We work
Вие работите vie rabotite You (plural/formal) work
Те работят te rabotyat They work

Conjugation of Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs do not follow the standard conjugation patterns, making them unique and essential for your vocabulary. Here are a few common irregular verbs in the present tense:

Common Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

1. да бъда (to be)

2. да имам (to have)

3. да правя (to do/make)

Here’s how they conjugate in the present tense:

Bulgarian Pronunciation English
Аз съм az sŭm I am
Ти си ti si You are
Той/Тя/То е toy/tya/to e He/She/It is
Ние сме nie sme We are
Вие сте vie ste You (plural/formal) are
Те са te sa They are

And for "да имам" (to have):

Bulgarian Pronunciation English
Аз имам az imam I have
Ти имаш ti imash You have
Той/Тя/То има toy/tya/to ima He/She/It has
Ние имаме nie imame We have
Вие имате vie imate You (plural/formal) have
Те имат te imat They have

Examples of Present Tense Verbs[edit | edit source]

Let's dive into more examples that illustrate the usage of the present tense in different contexts. Each example will include the Bulgarian phrase, its pronunciation, and the English translation.

Bulgarian Pronunciation English
Аз чета книга. az cheta kniga. I read a book.
Ти пишеш писмо. ti pishes pismo. You write a letter.
Той учи математика. toy uchi matematika. He studies mathematics.
Ние играем футбол. nie igraem futbol. We play football.
Вие слушате музика. vie slushate muzika. You (plural) listen to music.
Те готвят вечеря. te gotvyat vecherya. They cook dinner.
Аз обичам шоколад. az obicham shokolad. I love chocolate.
Ти пътуваш често. ti pŭtuvash chesto. You travel often.
Той работи в офис. toy raboti v ofis. He works in an office.
Ние гледаме телевизия. nie gledame televizия. We watch television.
Вие говорите на английски. vie govorite na angliyski. You (plural) speak English.
Те учат чужди езици. te uchat chuzhdi ezitsi. They study foreign languages.
Аз играя на пиано. az igraya na piano. I play the piano.
Ти танцуваш добре. ti tantsuvash dobre. You dance well.
Той рисува картини. toy risuva kartini. He paints pictures.
Ние спим дълбоко. nie spim dŭlboko. We sleep deeply.
Вие купувате храна. vie kupuvate hrana. You (plural) buy food.
Те създават проекти. te sŭzdavat proekti. They create projects.
Аз съм щастлив. az sŭm shtastliv. I am happy.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we've covered the theory, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice what you’ve learned about the present tense.

Exercise 1: Conjugate the Verbs[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense for all subject pronouns:

1. да пиша (to write)

2. да чета (to read)

Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct present tense form of the verb in parentheses:

1. Аз ________ (да работя) в офис.

2. Ти ________ (да слушам) музика.

Exercise 3: Translate to Bulgarian[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Bulgarian:

1. They eat lunch.

2. We play chess.

Exercise 4: Match the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Match the English sentences with their Bulgarian translations:

1. I have a dog.

2. She studies biology.

a. Аз имам куче.

b. Тя учи биология.

Exercise 5: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create sentences in Bulgarian using the following verbs in the present tense:

1. да играя (to play)

2. да обичам (to love)

Detailed Solutions[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s review the solutions for the exercises.

= Solution to Exercise 1: Conjugate the Verbs[edit | edit source]

1. да пиша (to write)

  • Аз пиша
  • Ти пишеш
  • Той/Тя/То пише
  • Ние пишем
  • Вие пишете
  • Те пишат

2. да чета (to read)

  • Аз чета
  • Ти четеш
  • Той/Тя/То чете
  • Ние четем
  • Вие четете
  • Те четат

= Solution to Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

1. Аз работя в офис.

2. Ти слушаш музика.

= Solution to Exercise 3: Translate to Bulgarian[edit | edit source]

1. Те ядат обяд.

2. Ние играем шах.

= Solution to Exercise 4: Match the Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. I have a dog. - a. Аз имам куче.

2. She studies biology. - b. Тя учи биология.

= Solution to Exercise 5: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. Аз играя футбол.

2. Аз обичам шоколад.

Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to express yourself fluently in Bulgarian. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every bit of practice brings you closer to your goals.

Table of Contents - Bulgarian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Alphabet and sounds


Greetings and Introductions


Bulgarian Traditions


Nouns and Adjectives


At the Restaurant


Bulgarian Cinema and Literature


Verbs and Tenses


Traveling


Bulgarian Music


Future Tense and Modals


Celebrations and Festivities


Bulgarian Theatre and Performance Arts

Videos[edit | edit source]

Verbs in Bulgarian: Personal Pronouns, Present, Past and Future ...[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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