Language/Tajik/Grammar/Adjectives

Tajik Grammar - Adjectives

Hi Tajik learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in the Tajik language. Adjectives are words used to describe or modify nouns or pronouns. They give us more information about the quality or quantity of the noun. Tajik adjectives have the following characteristics: - They mostly follow the noun they modify. - Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.

Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: Give your Opinion, Nouns, Negation in Sentences & Personal pronouns.

Gender Agreement

Tajik has two noun genders: masculine and feminine. Adjectives agree in gender with the noun they modify. Let's take an example:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
гул	gul	flower (masculine)

To make an adjective agree with the gender of the noun, we add the suffix "-и" for masculine and "-ӣ" for feminine nouns:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
гул сафед	gul safed	white flower
гуллаи сафеда	gullai safeda	white flowers

In the above example, "сафед" (white) agrees with the gender and number of the noun it modifies.

We can also add "-он" and "-она" respectively to form an adjective in the plural:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
гулони сафедон	guloni safedon	white flowers

Comparative and Superlative Degrees

Adjectives in Tajik language have comparative and superlative degrees. The comparative degree is used to compare two things, whereas the superlative degree is used to compare one thing with the rest of the group. The comparative form of an adjective is formed by adding the suffix "-тар" to the adjective, whereas the superlative form is formed by adding the suffix "-тарин".

Here are some examples:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
гул	gul	flower
гулҳо	gulho	flowers
сохта	sokhta	fresh
гулҳои сокхта	gulhoi sokhta	fresh flowers
гулҳои сокхтаи калон	gulhoi sokhtai kalon	biggest fresh flowers
гулҳои сокхтаи хурд	gulhoi sokhtai khurd	smallest fresh flowers

In the above example, we see that the comparative degree is formed by adding the suffix "-тар" to the adjective "сокхта" (fresh), and the superlative degree is formed by adding the suffix "-тарин" to the adjective "сокхта" (fresh).

Position of Adjectives

In Tajik language, adjectives come after the noun. Here is an example:

• Person 1: Оё баҳор хуб аст! (Oyo bahor hub ast! - Spring is beautiful!)
• Person 2: Баҳори гармовҳид хуб аст! (Bahori garmovhid hub ast! - Spring weather is beautiful!)

In the example above, "гармовҳид" (weather) is the noun and "хуб" (beautiful) is the adjective that modifies it. The adjective comes after the noun.

Practice

Now that you have learned about Tajik adjectives, it's time to practice. To improve your Tajik Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Here are some sentences. Add an adjective in the appropriate form to complete the sentence.

1. Барф моҳраҳои _______ рӯғӯр мешаванд. (Barf mohrahhoi _____ ru'gur meshavand. - Snowy mountains become red at sunset)

2. Ҳавои _______ мехунад. (Havoi _______ mehunad. - The weather is very hot.)

3. Там барои ман бо_________ аз губораҳо фазо мекунанд. (Tam baroi man bo_______ az guborahho fazo mekunand. - The sea becomes calm for me in front of the hills.)

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➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Other Lessons

• Gender
• Personal pronouns
• Personal Pronouns
• Conditional Mood
• Give your Opinion
• Negation
• Questions
• Nouns
• Pronouns

Sources

• Tajik grammar - Wikipedia
• A SHORT SKETCH OF TAJIK GRAMMAR.
• Tajik Adjectives