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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|◀️ Adjectives and Adverbs — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Prepositions-and-Conjunctions|Next Lesson — Prepositions and Conjunctions ▶️]]
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{{Sindhi-Page-Top}}
{{Sindhi-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Sindhi|Sindhi]]  → [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses</div>
Welcome to today’s lesson on '''Sindhi Verbs and Tenses'''! Understanding verbs and their tenses is crucial for constructing meaningful sentences in any language, including Sindhi. Verbs are the action words in our sentences, and mastering them allows you to express actions, states, and occurrences clearly.
In this lesson, we will explore the structure of Sindhi verbs, how to conjugate them in different tenses, and how to apply this knowledge in everyday conversations. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in realizing how verbs function in Sindhi grammar.
Here’s what we’ll cover:
* '''Introduction to Sindhi Verbs'''
* '''Types of Verbs'''
* '''Tenses in Sindhi'''
* Present Tense
* Past Tense
* Future Tense
* '''Examples of Verbs in Sentences'''


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Sindhi|Sindhi]]  → [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Grammar Concepts → Verbs and Tenses</div>
* '''Exercises for Practice'''


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Introduction to Sindhi Verbs ===


In this lesson, we will learn about Sindhi verbs and tenses. Verbs are a crucial part of any language and in Sindhi, they can be both complex and fascinating. At the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how verbs work in Sindhi, their different forms and tenses, and how to use them in a sentence.
Sindhi verbs are integral to forming sentences and expressing actions. In Sindhi, verbs can change form based on the subject, tense, and mood. This flexibility allows for a rich expression of ideas and emotions.  


== Verbs in Sindhi ==
Verbs in Sindhi can be classified into two main categories:


In Sindhi, verbs are used to show an action or a state of being. They can be modified to reflect different tenses, moods, and voices. Verbs can also be used as auxiliary verbs in compound tenses or to create different forms, such as causative or reflexive verbs.
* '''Transitive Verbs''': These require a direct object to complete their meaning.


=== Verb Forms ===
* '''Intransitive Verbs''': These do not require a direct object.


In Sindhi, verbs are conjugated to reflect different grammatical aspects like tense, person, and number. There are three major forms of verbs in Sindhi:
Let’s dive deeper into the types of verbs before we explore the tenses.


* The root form (infinitive)
=== Types of Verbs ===
* The imperfect or present form
* The past or perfect form


The root form is also known as the infinitive form of a verb. This is the base or original form of a verb, and it usually ends in "-N" or "-WAN". For example:
==== Transitive Verbs ====
 
Transitive verbs are actions that are performed on someone or something. For example, if you say "He eats an apple," "eats" is a transitive verb because it requires an object (the apple).


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| کائڻ || kā'īṇ || to eat
|-
| لکڻ || likhṇ || to write
|-
|-
| قراڻ || qurāṇ || to read
 
| پلوڻ || palūṇ || to play
 
|-
 
| ڏسڻ || diśaṇ || to see
 
|}
|}


The imperfect or present form is used to describe actions happening in the present. This form of the verb does not indicate if the action is continuous or not. To form the imperfect tense, add the suffix "-ANDO" to the root form. For example:
==== Intransitive Verbs ====
 
Intransitive verbs express actions that do not require a direct object. For example, "He sleeps" uses "sleeps" as an intransitive verb.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| سُڻڻ || suṇṇ || to sleep
|-
| هلڻ || halaṇ || to walk
|-
|-
| قراڻ-اندو || qurāṇ-ando || I am reading
|}


The past or perfect form is used to describe actions that have already happened in the past. To form the past tense, add the suffix "-AYA" to the root form. For example:
| پئجي وڃڻ || paī̃jī vaṇhṇ || to arrive


{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| قراڻ-ايا || qurāṇ-āya || I read
 
| روئڻ || ro'ṇ || to cry
 
|}
|}


=== Tenses ===
=== Tenses in Sindhi ===


In Sindhi, there are three major tenses: present, past, and future. Each tense is used to describe an action in relation to its occurrence in time.
Now that we have a grasp of the types of verbs, let's discuss the '''three main tenses''' in the Sindhi language: Present, Past, and Future. Each tense conveys different times of action and is vital for effective communication.


==== Present Tense ====
==== Present Tense ====


The present tense is used to describe an action that is happening at the moment or a state of being. To form the present tense, add the suffix "-ANDO" to the root form of the verb. For example:
The present tense indicates actions that are currently happening or habitual actions.  
 
'''Structure''': Subject + Verb in Present Form
 
Here are some common verbs in the present tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ٽيڪ تائين ناپين-اندو || ṭīk tā'īn nāpīn-ando || I am checking the measurement
 
| مان کائيندو آھيان || māṁ kā'īndo āhiyān || I eat
 
|-
 
| تون پڙهيندو آھين || tū parhīndo āhiṇ || You read
 
|-
 
| هو هلندو آحي || ho halaṇdo āhi || He walks
 
|-
 
| اسان ڏسندا آھيون || asān diśandā āhiyōn || We see
 
|}
|}


==== Past Tense ====
==== Past Tense ====


The past tense is used to describe actions that have already happened in the past. To form the past tense, add the suffix "-AYA" to the root form of the verb. For example:
The past tense is used to express actions that have already occurred.
 
'''Structure''': Subject + Verb in Past Form
 
Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| مان کائو || māṁ kā'ō || I ate
|-
|-
| اکي پوڻ ٿيل آهي || akī pōṇ ṭēl āhī || he broke the bowl
 
| تون پڙهيو || tū parhiyō || You read (past)
 
|-
 
| هو هلندو هو || ho halaṇdo hō || He walked
 
|-
 
| اسان ڏٺو || asān diṭhō || We saw
 
|}
|}


==== Future Tense ====
==== Future Tense ====


The future tense is used to describe an action that will happen in the future. To form the future tense, add the auxiliary verb "thio" ("will") before the verb in the root form. For example:
The future tense describes actions that are yet to happen.
 
'''Structure''': Subject + Verb in Future Form
 
Here are examples in the future tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| سڀني جي جوتي پوچن ٿي ٿيِن || sabhnī jī jutī pōchin ṭī thin || I will wash everyone's shoes
|}


=== Moods ===
| مان کائيندس || māṁ kā'īndas || I will eat
 
|-


In Sindhi, there are three major moods: indicative, imperative, and subjunctive. Each mood is used to communicate different levels of certainty of the action's occurrence.
| تون پڙهندينس || tū parhīndīns || You will read


==== Indicative Mood ====
|-


The indicative mood is used to express factual information or to ask questions. This mood is also used for reporting, narrating, or describing actions. For example:
| هو هلندو || ho halaṇdo || He will walk


{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ٻنهنجو ڪتاب پڻ سزائي ۾ خريدندو آهن || bheṇhijō kitāb pēn szā'ī mēn kharīdandō āhun || They are buying my book in penalties.
 
| اسان ڏسنداسين || asān diśandāsiṇ || We will see
 
|}
|}


==== Imperative Mood ====
=== Examples of Verbs in Sentences ===


The imperative mood is used to give commands or make requests. To form the imperative mood, use the root form of the verb. For example:
To better understand how these verbs work in context, here are complete sentences using the verbs we discussed along with their translations:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| مان کائيندو آھيان. || māṁ kā'īndo āhiyān. || I eat.
|-
| تون پڙهيندو آھين. || tū parhīndo āhiṇ. || You read.
|-
| هو هلندو آحي. || ho halaṇdo āhi. || He walks.
|-
| اسان ڏسندا آھيون. || asān diśandā āhiyōn. || We see.
|-
| مان کائو. || māṁ kā'ō. || I ate.
|-
| تون پڙهيو. || tū parhiyō. || You read (past).
|-
| هو هلندو هو. || ho halaṇdo hō. || He walked.
|-
|-
| انڪائو || inkā'ō!|| Listen!
|}


==== Subjunctive Mood ====
| اسان ڏٺو. || asān diṭhō. || We saw.
 
|-


The subjunctive mood is used to express wishes, doubts, and hypothetical situations. To form the subjunctive mood, add the suffix "-CHHO" to the root form of the verb. For example:
| مان کائيندس. || māṁ kā'īndas. || I will eat.


{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| الله هٽي ڪري سدڙيه || Allāh haṭī kari sadaṛe || May Allah grant you success
|}


=== Voices ===
| تون پڙهندينس. || tū parhīndīns. || You will read.


In Sindhi, there are two voices: active and passive. The active voice is the default form of a verb, where the subject is doing the action. The passive voice is used when the subject undergoes the action.
|-


To form the passive voice, use the auxiliary verb "JOTHE" before the verb in the past tense form. For example:
| هو هلندو. || ho halaṇdo. || He will walk.


{| class="wikitable"
! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| اسان کي سيال چونڊيلو گٺو ٿا || asān kī siyāl chōndēlo ghaṭō ṭā || We were given clean water.  
 
| اسان ڏسنداسين. || asān diśandāsiṇ. || We will see.
 
|}
|}


== Conclusion ==
=== Exercises for Practice ===


In this lesson, we have learned about the different forms and tenses of Sindhi verbs. We have also explored the moods and voices that are used to express different levels of certainty and action. Verbs are a fundamental aspect of any language, and in Sindhi, they can be both complex and fascinating. Keep practicing and exploring new vocabulary, and soon you will feel more comfortable with Sindhi verbs and tenses. Good luck!
Now that we've covered the basics, it's time for you to practice! Below are some exercises to help you reinforce your understanding of Sindhi verbs and tenses.
 
1. '''Translate the following sentences into Sindhi:'''
 
* I play.
 
* You wrote.
 
* He will arrive.
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* مان پلوڻ آهيان. (māṁ palūṇ āhiyān.)
 
* تون لکيو. (tū likhiyō.)
 
* هو پئجي ويندو. (ho paī̃jī viṇḍō.)
 
2. '''Change the following sentences from present to past tense:'''
 
* مان کائيندو آھيان.
 
* تون پڙهيندو آھين.
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* مان کائو. (māṁ kā'ō.)
 
* تون پڙهيو. (tū parhiyō.)
 
3. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb:'''
 
* مان _____ (کائڻ) صبح جو. (I eat in the morning.)
 
* اسان _____ (ڏسڻ) هڪ فلم. (We watched a movie.)
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* مان کائيندو آھيان. (māṁ kā'īndo āhiyān.)
 
* اسان ڏٺو. (asān diṭhō.)
 
4. '''Convert the following sentences into future tense:'''
 
* مان لکڻ.
 
* تون هلڻ.
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* مان لکندس. (māṁ likandās.)
 
* تون هلندينس. (tū halaṇdīns.)
 
5. '''Identify whether the following verbs are transitive or intransitive:'''
 
* کائڻ
 
* هلڻ
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* کائڻ: Transitive
 
* هلڻ: Intransitive
 
6. '''Create a sentence using the verb 'لکڻ' in present tense.'''
 
'''Sample Solution:'''
 
* مان لکندو آھيان. (māṁ likhindo āhiyān.) - I write.
 
7. '''Translate the following Sindhi sentences into English:'''
 
* اسان ڏسندا آھيون.
 
* هو هلندو.
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* We see.
 
* He will walk.
 
8. '''Conjugate the verb 'پڙهڻ' in all three tenses for the subject 'تون'.'''
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* Present: تون پڙهيندو آھين. (tū parhīndo āhiṇ.)
 
* Past: تون پڙهيو. (tū parhiyō.)
 
* Future: تون پڙهندينس. (tū parhīndīns.)
 
9. '''Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence:'''
 
* هو _____ (کائڻ) آھيو. (He is eating.)
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* هو کائيندو آھيو. (ho kā'īndo āhiyō.)
 
10. '''Write five sentences using different verbs in the past tense.'''
 
'''Sample Solutions:'''
 
* مان لکيو. (māṁ likhiyō.) - I wrote.
 
* تون پلوڻ. (tū palūṇ.) - You played.
 
* هو ڏٺو. (ho diṭhō.) - He saw.
 
* اسان کائو. (asān kā'ō.) - We ate.
 
* انهن هلنديون. (unhan halaṇdīun.) - They walked.
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson! You are now equipped with the knowledge to use verbs effectively in Sindhi. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these verbs in your conversations. Happy learning!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Sindhi Grammar Basic Grammar Concepts Verbs and Tenses
 
|keywords=Sindhi Grammar, Basic Grammar Concepts, Verbs, Tenses, verbs in Sindhi
|title=Sindhi Grammar: Understanding Verbs and Tenses
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Sindhi verbs, their forms, different tenses, and how to form and use them in sentences. At least 3000 words. The lesson belongs to "Complete 0 to A1 Sindhi Course".
 
|keywords=Sindhi verbs, Sindhi tenses, language learning, grammar, Sindhi language, beginner Sindhi
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Sindhi verbs, their forms, different tenses, and how to form and use them in sentences. Perfect for beginners!
 
}}
}}


{{Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://sindhitutorials.com/english-sindhi-grammar/past-tense-tobe Past tense of ToBe - English Sindhi Grammar - SindhiTutorials]
* [https://www.pinterest.com/pin/817895982313814293/ Introduction - English Sindhi Grammar - SindhiTutorials]
* [https://sindhitutorials.com/english-sindhi-grammar/present-tense-tobe Present tense of ToBe - English Sindhi Grammar - SindhiTutorials]




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* [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Passive-Voice|Passive Voice]]
* [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Passive-Voice|Passive Voice]]


{{Sindhi-Page-Bottom}}
{{Sindhi-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|◀️ Adjectives and Adverbs — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Prepositions-and-Conjunctions|Next Lesson — Prepositions and Conjunctions ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 11:03, 2 August 2024

◀️ Adjectives and Adverbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Prepositions and Conjunctions ▶️

Sindhi-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Sindhi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses

Welcome to today’s lesson on Sindhi Verbs and Tenses! Understanding verbs and their tenses is crucial for constructing meaningful sentences in any language, including Sindhi. Verbs are the action words in our sentences, and mastering them allows you to express actions, states, and occurrences clearly.

In this lesson, we will explore the structure of Sindhi verbs, how to conjugate them in different tenses, and how to apply this knowledge in everyday conversations. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in realizing how verbs function in Sindhi grammar.

Here’s what we’ll cover:

  • Introduction to Sindhi Verbs
  • Types of Verbs
  • Tenses in Sindhi
  • Present Tense
  • Past Tense
  • Future Tense
  • Examples of Verbs in Sentences
  • Exercises for Practice

Introduction to Sindhi Verbs[edit | edit source]

Sindhi verbs are integral to forming sentences and expressing actions. In Sindhi, verbs can change form based on the subject, tense, and mood. This flexibility allows for a rich expression of ideas and emotions.

Verbs in Sindhi can be classified into two main categories:

  • Transitive Verbs: These require a direct object to complete their meaning.
  • Intransitive Verbs: These do not require a direct object.

Let’s dive deeper into the types of verbs before we explore the tenses.

Types of Verbs[edit | edit source]

Transitive Verbs[edit | edit source]

Transitive verbs are actions that are performed on someone or something. For example, if you say "He eats an apple," "eats" is a transitive verb because it requires an object (the apple).

Sindhi Pronunciation English
کائڻ kā'īṇ to eat
لکڻ likhṇ to write
پلوڻ palūṇ to play
ڏسڻ diśaṇ to see

Intransitive Verbs[edit | edit source]

Intransitive verbs express actions that do not require a direct object. For example, "He sleeps" uses "sleeps" as an intransitive verb.

Sindhi Pronunciation English
سُڻڻ suṇṇ to sleep
هلڻ halaṇ to walk
پئجي وڃڻ paī̃jī vaṇhṇ to arrive
روئڻ ro'ṇ to cry

Tenses in Sindhi[edit | edit source]

Now that we have a grasp of the types of verbs, let's discuss the three main tenses in the Sindhi language: Present, Past, and Future. Each tense conveys different times of action and is vital for effective communication.

Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense indicates actions that are currently happening or habitual actions.

Structure: Subject + Verb in Present Form

Here are some common verbs in the present tense:

Sindhi Pronunciation English
مان کائيندو آھيان māṁ kā'īndo āhiyān I eat
تون پڙهيندو آھين tū parhīndo āhiṇ You read
هو هلندو آحي ho halaṇdo āhi He walks
اسان ڏسندا آھيون asān diśandā āhiyōn We see

Past Tense[edit | edit source]

The past tense is used to express actions that have already occurred.

Structure: Subject + Verb in Past Form

Here are some examples:

Sindhi Pronunciation English
مان کائو māṁ kā'ō I ate
تون پڙهيو tū parhiyō You read (past)
هو هلندو هو ho halaṇdo hō He walked
اسان ڏٺو asān diṭhō We saw

Future Tense[edit | edit source]

The future tense describes actions that are yet to happen.

Structure: Subject + Verb in Future Form

Here are examples in the future tense:

Sindhi Pronunciation English
مان کائيندس māṁ kā'īndas I will eat
تون پڙهندينس tū parhīndīns You will read
هو هلندو ho halaṇdo He will walk
اسان ڏسنداسين asān diśandāsiṇ We will see

Examples of Verbs in Sentences[edit | edit source]

To better understand how these verbs work in context, here are complete sentences using the verbs we discussed along with their translations:

Sindhi Pronunciation English
مان کائيندو آھيان. māṁ kā'īndo āhiyān. I eat.
تون پڙهيندو آھين. tū parhīndo āhiṇ. You read.
هو هلندو آحي. ho halaṇdo āhi. He walks.
اسان ڏسندا آھيون. asān diśandā āhiyōn. We see.
مان کائو. māṁ kā'ō. I ate.
تون پڙهيو. tū parhiyō. You read (past).
هو هلندو هو. ho halaṇdo hō. He walked.
اسان ڏٺو. asān diṭhō. We saw.
مان کائيندس. māṁ kā'īndas. I will eat.
تون پڙهندينس. tū parhīndīns. You will read.
هو هلندو. ho halaṇdo. He will walk.
اسان ڏسنداسين. asān diśandāsiṇ. We will see.

Exercises for Practice[edit | edit source]

Now that we've covered the basics, it's time for you to practice! Below are some exercises to help you reinforce your understanding of Sindhi verbs and tenses.

1. Translate the following sentences into Sindhi:

  • I play.
  • You wrote.
  • He will arrive.

Solutions:

  • مان پلوڻ آهيان. (māṁ palūṇ āhiyān.)
  • تون لکيو. (tū likhiyō.)
  • هو پئجي ويندو. (ho paī̃jī viṇḍō.)

2. Change the following sentences from present to past tense:

  • مان کائيندو آھيان.
  • تون پڙهيندو آھين.

Solutions:

  • مان کائو. (māṁ kā'ō.)
  • تون پڙهيو. (tū parhiyō.)

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb:

  • مان _____ (کائڻ) صبح جو. (I eat in the morning.)
  • اسان _____ (ڏسڻ) هڪ فلم. (We watched a movie.)

Solutions:

  • مان کائيندو آھيان. (māṁ kā'īndo āhiyān.)
  • اسان ڏٺو. (asān diṭhō.)

4. Convert the following sentences into future tense:

  • مان لکڻ.
  • تون هلڻ.

Solutions:

  • مان لکندس. (māṁ likandās.)
  • تون هلندينس. (tū halaṇdīns.)

5. Identify whether the following verbs are transitive or intransitive:

  • کائڻ
  • هلڻ

Solutions:

  • کائڻ: Transitive
  • هلڻ: Intransitive

6. Create a sentence using the verb 'لکڻ' in present tense.

Sample Solution:

  • مان لکندو آھيان. (māṁ likhindo āhiyān.) - I write.

7. Translate the following Sindhi sentences into English:

  • اسان ڏسندا آھيون.
  • هو هلندو.

Solutions:

  • We see.
  • He will walk.

8. Conjugate the verb 'پڙهڻ' in all three tenses for the subject 'تون'.

Solutions:

  • Present: تون پڙهيندو آھين. (tū parhīndo āhiṇ.)
  • Past: تون پڙهيو. (tū parhiyō.)
  • Future: تون پڙهندينس. (tū parhīndīns.)

9. Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence:

  • هو _____ (کائڻ) آھيو. (He is eating.)

Solutions:

  • هو کائيندو آھيو. (ho kā'īndo āhiyō.)

10. Write five sentences using different verbs in the past tense.

Sample Solutions:

  • مان لکيو. (māṁ likhiyō.) - I wrote.
  • تون پلوڻ. (tū palūṇ.) - You played.
  • هو ڏٺو. (ho diṭhō.) - He saw.
  • اسان کائو. (asān kā'ō.) - We ate.
  • انهن هلنديون. (unhan halaṇdīun.) - They walked.

Congratulations on completing this lesson! You are now equipped with the knowledge to use verbs effectively in Sindhi. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these verbs in your conversations. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Sindhi Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Sindhi Script


Everyday Vocabulary


Basic Grammar Concepts


Everyday Situations


More Grammar Concepts


Culture and Traditions


Advanced Grammar Concepts

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Adjectives and Adverbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Prepositions and Conjunctions ▶️

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