Language/Halh-mongolian/Grammar/Present-Tense-Verbs

Halh Mongolian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Present Tense Verbs

Welcome to our engaging lesson on Present Tense Verbs in Halh Mongolian! Understanding how to use present tense verbs is essential for effective communication in everyday situations. Whether you're talking about your daily routine, sharing your interests, or simply expressing what you do, mastering the present tense is a foundational skill that will serve you well as you progress in your Halh Mongolian studies.

In this lesson, we will cover the following key aspects:

• What are Present Tense Verbs?

• Conjugation of Regular Verbs

• Conjugation of Irregular Verbs

• Examples of Present Tense Usage

• Practice Exercises

Let's dive in and make this learning experience both fun and informative!

What are Present Tense Verbs?

Present tense verbs describe actions that are currently happening or general truths. In Halh Mongolian, these verbs change form based on the subject of the sentence. This means that the way you conjugate a verb can depend on whether you're talking about "I," "you," "he," "she," or "we."

Conjugation of Regular Verbs

Regular verbs in Halh Mongolian follow a predictable pattern when conjugated. The base form of the verb changes slightly depending on the subject pronoun.

Regular Verb Conjugation Pattern:

• The verb stem is modified with specific suffixes that denote the subject.

Here’s a breakdown of the conjugation for the regular verb "бичих" (to write):

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
би бичдэг	bi bichdeg	I write
чи бичдэг	chi bichdeg	You write
тэр бичдэг	ter bichdeg	He/She writes
бид бичдэг	bid bichdeg	We write
та бичдэг	ta bichdeg	You (formal) write
тэд бичдэг	ted bichdeg	They write

Let's explore 20 more examples of regular verbs in the present tense:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
би уншдаг	bi unshdag	I read
чи уншдаг	chi unshdag	You read
тэр уншдаг	ter unshdag	He/She reads
бид уншдаг	bid unshdag	We read
та уншдаг	ta unshdag	You (formal) read
тэд уншдаг	ted unshdag	They read
би тоглодог	bi toglodog	I play
чи тоглодог	chi toglodog	You play
тэр тоглодог	ter toglodog	He/She plays
бид тоглодог	bid toglodog	We play
та тоглодог	ta toglodog	You (formal) play
тэд тоглодог	ted toglodog	They play
би явдаг	bi yavdag	I go
чи явдаг	chi yavdag	You go
тэр явдаг	ter yavdag	He/She goes
бид явдаг	bid yavdag	We go
та явдаг	ta yavdag	You (formal) go
тэд явдаг	ted yavdag	They go
би хийдэг	bi khiideg	I do
чи хийдэг	chi khiideg	You do
тэр хийдэг	ter khiideg	He/She does
бид хийдэг	bid khiideg	We do
та хийдэг	ta khiideg	You (formal) do
тэд хийдэг	ted khiideg	They do

Conjugation of Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs, on the other hand, do not follow the standard conjugation patterns. These verbs may change more dramatically based on the subject.

One common irregular verb is "байх" (to be). The conjugation for this verb looks like this:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
би байна	bi baina	I am
чи байна	chi baina	You are
тэр байна	ter baina	He/She is
бид байна	bid baina	We are
та байна	ta baina	You (formal) are
тэд байна	ted baina	They are

Let’s look at 20 more examples of other irregular verbs in the present tense:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
би явж байна	bi yavj baina	I am going
чи явж байна	chi yavj baina	You are going
тэр явж байна	ter yavj baina	He/She is going
бид явж байна	bid yavj baina	We are going
та явж байна	ta yavj baina	You (formal) are going
тэд явж байна	ted yavj baina	They are going
би идэж байна	bi idej baina	I am eating
чи идэж байна	chi idej baina	You are eating
тэр идэж байна	ter idej baina	He/She is eating
бид идэж байна	bid idej baina	We are eating
та идэж байна	ta idej baina	You (formal) are eating
тэд идэж байна	ted idej baina	They are eating
би хийж байна	bi khiij baina	I am doing
чи хийж байна	chi khiij baina	You are doing
тэр хийж байна	ter khiij baina	He/She is doing
бид хийж байна	bid khiij baina	We are doing
та хийж байна	ta khiij baina	You (formal) are doing
тэд хийж байна	ted khiij baina	They are doing
би уншиж байна	bi unshij baina	I am reading
чи уншиж байна	chi unshij baina	You are reading
тэр уншиж байна	ter unshij baina	He/She is reading
бид уншиж байна	bid unshij baina	We are reading
та уншиж байна	ta unshij baina	You (formal) are reading
тэд уншиж байна	ted unshij baina	They are reading

Examples of Present Tense Usage

Now that you are familiar with how to conjugate both regular and irregular verbs, let’s see how we can put these present tense verbs into action. Here are some sentences that illustrate the use of present tense verbs in Halh Mongolian:

• Би ном уншиж байна. (I am reading a book.)

• Чи өглөөний цай идэж байна. (You are eating breakfast.)

• Тэр ажилдаа явж байна. (He/She is going to work.)

• Бид кино үзэж байна. (We are watching a movie.)

• Та сургалтад оролцож байна. (You (formal) are attending a class.)

• Тэд тоглоом тоглож байна. (They are playing a game.)

These examples show how versatile present tense verbs can be in everyday conversation. Now, let’s practice what we’ve learned!

Practice Exercises

Here are some exercises to help you apply what you've learned about present tense verbs in Halh Mongolian.

1. Translate the following sentences into Halh Mongolian:

1. I write a letter.

2. You play soccer.

3. She reads a magazine.

Solutions:

1. Би захидал бичдэг.

2. Чи хөлбөмбөг тоглодог.

3. Тэр сэтгүүл уншдаг.

2. Conjugate the verb "явах" (to go) for each subject pronoun:

Solutions:

1. Би явдаг

2. Чи явдаг

3. Тэр явдаг

4. Бид явдаг

5. Та явдаг

6. Тэд явдаг

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct present tense form of the verb "идэх" (to eat):

1. Би __________ (идэх) жимс.

2. Чи __________ (идэх) талх.

Solutions:

1. Би жимс иддэг.

2. Чи талх иддэг.

4. Convert the following sentences to present tense:

1. I am reading.

2. They are playing.

Solutions:

1. Би уншиж байна.

2. Тэд тоглож байна.

5. Change the following sentences to include a different subject pronoun:

1. Би биеэ тамир хийдэг. (I exercise.)

2. Тэр ном уншиж байна. (He/She is reading a book.)

Solutions:

1. Тэр биеэ тамир хийдэг. (He/She exercises.)

2. Би ном уншиж байна. (I am reading a book.)

6. Match the subject with the correct verb form:

• 1. Би

• 2. Чи

• 3. Тэр

Solutions:

1. Би идэж байна.

2. Чи уншиж байна.

3. Тэр тоглож байна.

7. Write a short paragraph about what you do in a day using present tense verbs.

Example:

• Би өглөө босоод кофе уудаг. Дараа нь би ажилдаа явдаг. Тэр үед би хичээл заадаг.

8. Choose the correct verb form:

1. Тэд (иддэг/идэж байна) жимс.

Solution:

• Тэд жимс идэж байна.

9. Identify the incorrect verb form and correct it:

• Би явж байна.

Solution:

• (Correct form: Би явдаг.)

10. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Би ном уншиж байна.

2. Тэд тоглохыг хүсч байна.

Solutions:

1. I am reading a book.

2. They want to play.

Now that you have practiced using present tense verbs, you should feel more confident in your ability to communicate in Halh Mongolian. Remember, the more you practice, the better you'll become!

Table of Contents - Halh Mongolian Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Introduction to the Halh Mongolian Alphabet

• Cyrillic Script
• Vowel Harmony

  ---

Basic Greetings and Expressions

• Greetings
• Polite Expressions

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Noun Cases
• Personal Pronouns

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Cardinal Numbers
• Ordinal Numbers
• Telling Time

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationships

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjectives
• Adverbs

  ---

Food and Dining

• Common Foods
• Dining Phrases

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Prepositions
• Conjunctions

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Travel Phrases

  ---

Mongolian Customs and Traditions

• Traditional Holidays
• Mongolian Etiquette

  ---

Weather and Seasons

• Weather Vocabulary
• Seasons

  ---

Mongolian Music and Arts

• Traditional Music
• Visual Arts

Other Lessons

• Conditional Verbs
• Personal pronouns
• Future Tense Verbs
• Nouns
• 0 to A1 Course
• Pronouns
• Past Tense Verbs
• How to Use Be
• Causative Verbs
• Give your Opinion