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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Standard-latvian|Standard Latvian]]  → [[Language/Standard-latvian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Standard-latvian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Modern politics and society</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Standard Latvian Culture → Latvian history and politics → Modern politics and society</div>
In this lesson, we will delve into the fascinating world of contemporary Latvian society, exploring its modern politics, social dynamics, and the challenges and opportunities that arise in this rapidly evolving landscape. Understanding the political and social context is crucial for grasping the usage of the Standard Latvian language, as language is a reflection of culture and society.
 
We will outline the key aspects of modern Latvian society, discuss important political figures and their roles, and examine current issues facing the country. By the end of this lesson, you will not only have a better understanding of contemporary Latvia but also enhance your vocabulary and language skills relevant to these topics.


__TOC__
__TOC__


Latvia is a small Baltic country that has been shaped by centuries of political, economic and social changes. Its modern history starts from the declaration of independence from the Russian Empire in 1918, which was followed by a period of democratic development and achievements in various fields of culture and economy, up until the World War II and the population displacement that followed. After being incorporated into the Soviet Union for 50 years, Latvia regained its independence in 1991 and undertook a complex process of transformation and modernization, becoming a member of the European Union and NATO in 2004.
=== The Landscape of Modern Latvia ===
 
Latvia is a small Baltic nation with a rich history, vibrant culture, and a strong sense of national identity. Since regaining independence in 1990, Latvia has undergone significant transformation, transitioning from a Soviet republic to a democratic state integrated into European and global systems.
 
Here are some key aspects of modern Latvia:
 
* '''Political Structure''': Latvia operates as a parliamentary republic, with a President as the head of state and a Prime Minister leading the government.
 
* '''EU Membership''': Latvia joined the European Union in 2004, which has played a vital role in shaping its economic and political landscape.
 
* '''NATO Membership''': Latvia is also a member of NATO, contributing to its security and defense policies.
 
* '''Cultural Diversity''': The population is diverse, with Latvians, Russians, and other ethnic groups coexisting, which influences social dynamics and politics.
 
=== Political Parties and Governance ===
 
Latvia has a multi-party system that reflects a broad spectrum of political ideologies. Here are some of the main political parties:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Political Party !! Pronunciation !! Description
 
|-
 
| '''Sociāldemokrātiskā Partija''' || [sot͡siˈaːldemoˈkraːtiskaː ˈpɑrtiːjɑ] || Social Democratic Party, focuses on social justice and equality.
 
|-
 
| '''Nacionālā Apvienība''' || [nɑt͡siˈoːnɑːlɑː ɑpʲviːnɪːbɑ] || National Alliance, promotes Latvian nationalism and cultural heritage.
 
|-
 
| '''Jaunā Vienotība''' || [jaʊ̯nɑː vi̯eːnoːtība] || New Unity, a liberal political party emphasizing economic development and social cohesion.
 
|-
 
| '''KPV LV''' || [kaːpʲeːveː ɛl veː] || Who Else? Party, focuses on anti-corruption and democratic reforms.
 
|-
 
| '''Zemnieku Saeja''' || [zɛmˈniekuː ˈsɑɛjɑ] || Farmers’ Union, advocates for agricultural policies and rural development.
 
|}
 
Each party plays a significant role in shaping policies related to education, healthcare, economic development, and social welfare.
 
=== Key Political Figures ===
 
Understanding the key figures in Latvian politics can provide deeper insights into the country's governance. Here are a few notable politicians:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Name !! Pronunciation !! Role
 
|-
 
| '''Edgars Rinkēvičs''' || [ˈɛdɡɑrs ˈrʲinˌkēviːt͡ʃs] || Minister of Foreign Affairs, influential in shaping Latvia's foreign policy.
 
|-
 
| '''Krišjānis Kariņš''' || [ˈkriʃjɑːnɪs ˈkaːrɪnʃ] || Prime Minister, leading the government since 2019 with a focus on economic growth.
 
|-


In this lesson, we will explore contemporary Latvian politics and society, including some of the major challenges and opportunities the country is facing today.
| '''Ināra Mūrniece''' || [iˈnɑːrɑ ˈmuːrniːt͡sɛ] || Speaker of the Saeima (Parliament), plays a vital role in legislative processes.


|-


<span link>Don't hesitate to look into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Standard-latvian/Culture/Latvian-nature-and-national-parks|Latvian nature and national parks]] & [[Language/Standard-latvian/Culture/Latvian-museums-and-exhibitions|Latvian museums and exhibitions]].</span>
| '''Artis Pabriks''' || [ˈɑrtɪs ˈpɑbrɪks] || Minister of Defense, overseeing national defense strategies.
== Political scene ==


The Latvian political system is based on a parliamentary republic, where the President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. The Parliament consists of one chamber, which is the 100-member Saeima, elected for a period of 4 years.
|-


In recent years, Latvia has experienced significant shifts in the balance of political power, with the rise of new political parties and coalitions that challenge the traditional party structures. In the 2018 Saeima election, the "New Conservative Party" won the majority of seats and formed a center-right government, replacing the previous coalition led by the "Greens and Farmers Union".
| '''Jānis Bordāns''' || [ˈjɑːnɪs ˈbɔrdɑns] || Minister of Justice, involved in legal reforms and justice system improvements.


Some of the major political issues that Latvia faces today include the relations with Russia, the integration of minority groups such as Russian speakers, the demographic challenge of population decline, and the need for economic growth and modernization.
|}


== Economic challenges ==
These individuals not only represent their political parties but also have a significant influence on the country's direction and policies.


Latvia is a small open economy that heavily depends on foreign trade and investments. Its major industries include manufacturing, agriculture, services, and tourism. However, despite significant progress made since the early 1990s, Latvia is still facing some major economic challenges.
=== Current Social Issues ===


One of the main challenges is the need to diversify and upgrade its economy, by investing in innovation, technology, and human capital. Another issue is the high level of income inequality, which affects the well-being of a significant part of the population, especially those living in rural areas and those with low levels of education.
Latvia faces various social challenges and opportunities that reflect its unique history and contemporary realities:


Finally, Latvia is also grappling with the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, which has severely affected its economy, as well as its social and political stability.
* '''Demographic Changes''': Latvia is experiencing a decline in population due to emigration and low birth rates, which raises concerns about the future workforce and economic sustainability.


== Social issues ==
* '''Integration of Minorities''': The integration of Russian-speaking minorities into Latvian society is a critical issue, influencing social cohesion and political dynamics.


Latvia is a relatively small and homogeneous society, with a population of around 1.9 million people. However, it is also a society that has gone through significant changes in the past few decades, especially in terms of its diversity and social cohesion.
* '''Youth Engagement''': Encouraging youth participation in politics and civic life is essential for the nation's future, with various programs aimed at engaging younger generations.


One of the main social issues that Latvia faces today is related to the integration of ethnic minorities, mainly Russian speakers, who make up more than a quarter of the population. Despite significant efforts made by the government and civil society organizations, there are still significant gaps in terms of language proficiency, education, and employment opportunities, which can contribute to social exclusion and tensions.
* '''Economic Disparities''': While Latvia's economy has grown, regions outside the capital, Riga, often experience economic challenges, leading to calls for more balanced regional development.


Another social challenge is related to the demographic changes that have been happening in Latvia for several decades. The country is facing a rapidly aging population, declining birthrates, and significant levels of emigration, which can have long-term impacts on the economy, society, and culture.
* '''Environmental Concerns''': Latvia is increasingly focused on sustainability and environmental protection, addressing issues like climate change and natural resource management.


== Interesting facts ==
=== Opportunities for Growth ===


- Did you know that Latvia has the highest number of basketball players per capita in the world? Basketball is considered to be the national sport of Latvia, and the country has a strong tradition in the sport, dating back to the Soviet era.
Despite the challenges, Latvia also presents numerous opportunities for growth:


- Latvian cuisine is known for its hearty and diverse dishes, which reflect the country's history and geography. Some of the popular Latvian dishes include potato pancakes, grey peas with bacon, and rye bread.
* '''Digital Transformation''': Latvia has embraced digital innovation, positioning itself as a leader in e-governance and digital services.


- Latvia is home to some of the most beautiful natural landscapes in Europe, including the Gauja National Park, the Jurmala beach resort, and the Rundale Palace and Gardens.
* '''Tourism Development''': With its stunning landscapes and rich cultural heritage, Latvia is enhancing its tourism sector, attracting visitors worldwide.


We have come to the end of this lesson on modern politics and society in Latvia. I hope you have gained some insight into the challenges and opportunities facing this Baltic country, and learned more about its history and culture. Stay tuned for the next lesson, where we will delve deeper into the Latvian language and grammar!
* '''Cultural Exchange''': Latvia's vibrant arts and culture scene fosters international collaboration, enriching the country's cultural identity.
 
* '''Investment in Education''': A strong emphasis on education and research opens avenues for economic development and social progress.
 
=== Vocabulary Building ===
 
In this section, we will introduce some useful vocabulary related to modern politics and society in Latvia:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Standard Latvian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Standard Latvian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
|-
|-
| Latvija || [latviːja] (LAT-vee-yah) || Latvia
 
| '''politika''' || [poliˈtika] || politics
 
|-
|-
| parlamenta republika || [paɾlamɛnta ɾɛpublika] (pa(r)-la-MEN-ta re-poo-LEE-kah) || parliamentary republic
 
| '''sabiedrība''' || [sabiˈjɛːdriːbɑ] || society
 
|-
|-
| ekonomikas izaicinājumi || [ɛkɔnɔmiːkas izaʦinaːjumi] (e-ko-NO-mee-kas i-za-TSI-na-yu-mi) || economic challenges
 
| '''partija''' || [ˈpartiːjɑ] || party
 
|-
|-
| sociālie jautājumi || [sɔt͡siɑːlie jau̯taːjumi] (so-TSEE-a-lie yow-TA-yu-mi) || social issues
 
| '''vēlēšanas''' || [ˈvɛːlēʃɑnɑs] || elections
 
|-
|-
| balsskārgums || [balskaːɾgums] (bahlss-KAHR-gooms) || harmony of voices (singing)
 
| '''valdība''' || [ˈvaldiːbɑ] || government
 
|-
 
| '''nacionālais''' || [nɑt͡sioˈnɑːlɑis] || national
 
|-
 
| '''ekonomika''' || [ɛkonoˈmika] || economy
 
|-
 
| '''demogrāfija''' || [dɛmoˈɡrɑːfija] || demographics
 
|-
 
| '''izglītība''' || [izɡliːtiːbɑ] || education
 
|-
 
| '''tūrisms''' || [ˈtuːrɪs̪məs] || tourism
 
|}
|}
This vocabulary will help you engage in discussions about Latvia's political and social landscape.
=== Exercises ===
Now it’s time to practice what you’ve learned! Here are ten exercises to solidify your understanding of modern Latvian politics and society:
==== Exercise 1: Vocabulary Match ====
Match the Latvian words with their English translations.
{| class="wikitable"
! Latvian !! English
|-
| politika || 1. society
|-
| sabiedrība || 2. government
|-
| partija || 3. politics
|-
| valdība || 4. party
|}
'''Solution:'''
1 - 3
2 - 1
3 - 4
4 - 2
==== Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks ====
Complete the sentences with the correct vocabulary words.
1. The _______ (politics) in Latvia is influenced by various parties.
2. Many young people are interested in _______ (society) issues.
3. The _______ (government) is responsible for making laws.
'''Solution:'''
1. politika
2. sabiedrība
3. valdība
==== Exercise 3: True or False ====
Determine if the statements are true or false.
1. Latvia is a member of NATO. (True)
2. The Prime Minister is the head of state. (False)
3. Latvia has a single-party system. (False)
'''Solution:'''
1. True
2. False (The head of state is the President.)
3. False (Latvia has a multi-party system.)
==== Exercise 4: Discussion Questions ====
Discuss the following questions with a partner.
1. What do you think are the most pressing social issues in Latvia today?
2. How do you feel about the integration of minorities in Latvian society?
'''Solution:'''
Encourage students to share their thoughts and engage in discussion.
==== Exercise 5: Role Play ====
Pair up and role-play a conversation between a politician and a citizen discussing a local issue.
'''Solution:'''
Encourage creativity and allow students to create their dialogues.
==== Exercise 6: Write a Short Paragraph ====
Write a short paragraph about a current political figure in Latvia.
'''Solution:'''
Students should write a paragraph including the person's name, role, and contributions.
==== Exercise 7: Vocabulary Quiz ====
Create a quiz using the vocabulary words learned in this lesson.
'''Solution:'''
Students can create multiple-choice questions or fill-in-the-blank questions.
==== Exercise 8: Group Discussion ====
As a group, discuss the impact of EU membership on Latvia's economy.
'''Solution:'''
Facilitate a discussion and encourage different perspectives.
==== Exercise 9: Create a Mind Map ====
Create a mind map that illustrates the key political parties in Latvia.
'''Solution:'''
Students should draw connections between parties and their ideologies.
==== Exercise 10: Presentations ====
Prepare a short presentation on a social issue in Latvia of your choice.
'''Solution:'''
Encourage students to present their findings to the class.
=== Conclusion ===
In this lesson, we explored the modern politics and society of Latvia, examining the political structure, key figures, and social issues. We also built our vocabulary and practiced our language skills through engaging exercises. As you continue your journey in learning Standard Latvian, understanding the cultural and social context will enrich your experience and enable you to communicate more effectively.


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|keywords=Latvian, culture, history, politics, contemporary, society, challenges, opportunities, economy, social issues, diversity
|title=Modern Politics and Society in Standard Latvian
|description=Gain insight into contemporary Latvian society and its political, economic and social challenges and opportunities.
 
|keywords=Latvia, politics, society, culture, Latvian language, education, demographics
 
|description=Explore contemporary Latvian politics and society while enhancing your Standard Latvian language skills in this comprehensive lesson.
 
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==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Standard-latvian/Culture/Popular-sports-and-events|Popular sports and events]]
* [[Language/Standard-latvian/Culture/Latvian-folklore-and-crafts|Latvian folklore and crafts]]
* [[Language/Standard-latvian/Culture/Latvian-folklore-and-crafts|Latvian folklore and crafts]]


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Latest revision as of 18:05, 1 August 2024

◀️ Major historical events and figures — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — The conditional mood and hypothetical situations ▶️

Latvian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Standard LatvianCulture0 to A1 Course → Modern politics and society

In this lesson, we will delve into the fascinating world of contemporary Latvian society, exploring its modern politics, social dynamics, and the challenges and opportunities that arise in this rapidly evolving landscape. Understanding the political and social context is crucial for grasping the usage of the Standard Latvian language, as language is a reflection of culture and society.

We will outline the key aspects of modern Latvian society, discuss important political figures and their roles, and examine current issues facing the country. By the end of this lesson, you will not only have a better understanding of contemporary Latvia but also enhance your vocabulary and language skills relevant to these topics.

The Landscape of Modern Latvia[edit | edit source]

Latvia is a small Baltic nation with a rich history, vibrant culture, and a strong sense of national identity. Since regaining independence in 1990, Latvia has undergone significant transformation, transitioning from a Soviet republic to a democratic state integrated into European and global systems.

Here are some key aspects of modern Latvia:

  • Political Structure: Latvia operates as a parliamentary republic, with a President as the head of state and a Prime Minister leading the government.
  • EU Membership: Latvia joined the European Union in 2004, which has played a vital role in shaping its economic and political landscape.
  • NATO Membership: Latvia is also a member of NATO, contributing to its security and defense policies.
  • Cultural Diversity: The population is diverse, with Latvians, Russians, and other ethnic groups coexisting, which influences social dynamics and politics.

Political Parties and Governance[edit | edit source]

Latvia has a multi-party system that reflects a broad spectrum of political ideologies. Here are some of the main political parties:

Political Party Pronunciation Description
Sociāldemokrātiskā Partija [sot͡siˈaːldemoˈkraːtiskaː ˈpɑrtiːjɑ] Social Democratic Party, focuses on social justice and equality.
Nacionālā Apvienība [nɑt͡siˈoːnɑːlɑː ɑpʲviːnɪːbɑ] National Alliance, promotes Latvian nationalism and cultural heritage.
Jaunā Vienotība [jaʊ̯nɑː vi̯eːnoːtība] New Unity, a liberal political party emphasizing economic development and social cohesion.
KPV LV [kaːpʲeːveː ɛl veː] Who Else? Party, focuses on anti-corruption and democratic reforms.
Zemnieku Saeja [zɛmˈniekuː ˈsɑɛjɑ] Farmers’ Union, advocates for agricultural policies and rural development.

Each party plays a significant role in shaping policies related to education, healthcare, economic development, and social welfare.

Key Political Figures[edit | edit source]

Understanding the key figures in Latvian politics can provide deeper insights into the country's governance. Here are a few notable politicians:

Name Pronunciation Role
Edgars Rinkēvičs [ˈɛdɡɑrs ˈrʲinˌkēviːt͡ʃs] Minister of Foreign Affairs, influential in shaping Latvia's foreign policy.
Krišjānis Kariņš [ˈkriʃjɑːnɪs ˈkaːrɪnʃ] Prime Minister, leading the government since 2019 with a focus on economic growth.
Ināra Mūrniece [iˈnɑːrɑ ˈmuːrniːt͡sɛ] Speaker of the Saeima (Parliament), plays a vital role in legislative processes.
Artis Pabriks [ˈɑrtɪs ˈpɑbrɪks] Minister of Defense, overseeing national defense strategies.
Jānis Bordāns [ˈjɑːnɪs ˈbɔrdɑns] Minister of Justice, involved in legal reforms and justice system improvements.

These individuals not only represent their political parties but also have a significant influence on the country's direction and policies.

Current Social Issues[edit | edit source]

Latvia faces various social challenges and opportunities that reflect its unique history and contemporary realities:

  • Demographic Changes: Latvia is experiencing a decline in population due to emigration and low birth rates, which raises concerns about the future workforce and economic sustainability.
  • Integration of Minorities: The integration of Russian-speaking minorities into Latvian society is a critical issue, influencing social cohesion and political dynamics.
  • Youth Engagement: Encouraging youth participation in politics and civic life is essential for the nation's future, with various programs aimed at engaging younger generations.
  • Economic Disparities: While Latvia's economy has grown, regions outside the capital, Riga, often experience economic challenges, leading to calls for more balanced regional development.
  • Environmental Concerns: Latvia is increasingly focused on sustainability and environmental protection, addressing issues like climate change and natural resource management.

Opportunities for Growth[edit | edit source]

Despite the challenges, Latvia also presents numerous opportunities for growth:

  • Digital Transformation: Latvia has embraced digital innovation, positioning itself as a leader in e-governance and digital services.
  • Tourism Development: With its stunning landscapes and rich cultural heritage, Latvia is enhancing its tourism sector, attracting visitors worldwide.
  • Cultural Exchange: Latvia's vibrant arts and culture scene fosters international collaboration, enriching the country's cultural identity.
  • Investment in Education: A strong emphasis on education and research opens avenues for economic development and social progress.

Vocabulary Building[edit | edit source]

In this section, we will introduce some useful vocabulary related to modern politics and society in Latvia:

Standard Latvian Pronunciation English Translation
politika [poliˈtika] politics
sabiedrība [sabiˈjɛːdriːbɑ] society
partija [ˈpartiːjɑ] party
vēlēšanas [ˈvɛːlēʃɑnɑs] elections
valdība [ˈvaldiːbɑ] government
nacionālais [nɑt͡sioˈnɑːlɑis] national
ekonomika [ɛkonoˈmika] economy
demogrāfija [dɛmoˈɡrɑːfija] demographics
izglītība [izɡliːtiːbɑ] education
tūrisms [ˈtuːrɪs̪məs] tourism

This vocabulary will help you engage in discussions about Latvia's political and social landscape.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it’s time to practice what you’ve learned! Here are ten exercises to solidify your understanding of modern Latvian politics and society:

Exercise 1: Vocabulary Match[edit | edit source]

Match the Latvian words with their English translations.

Latvian English
politika 1. society
sabiedrība 2. government
partija 3. politics
valdība 4. party

Solution:

1 - 3

2 - 1

3 - 4

4 - 2

Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct vocabulary words.

1. The _______ (politics) in Latvia is influenced by various parties.

2. Many young people are interested in _______ (society) issues.

3. The _______ (government) is responsible for making laws.

Solution:

1. politika

2. sabiedrība

3. valdība

Exercise 3: True or False[edit | edit source]

Determine if the statements are true or false.

1. Latvia is a member of NATO. (True)

2. The Prime Minister is the head of state. (False)

3. Latvia has a single-party system. (False)

Solution:

1. True

2. False (The head of state is the President.)

3. False (Latvia has a multi-party system.)

Exercise 4: Discussion Questions[edit | edit source]

Discuss the following questions with a partner.

1. What do you think are the most pressing social issues in Latvia today?

2. How do you feel about the integration of minorities in Latvian society?

Solution:

Encourage students to share their thoughts and engage in discussion.

Exercise 5: Role Play[edit | edit source]

Pair up and role-play a conversation between a politician and a citizen discussing a local issue.

Solution:

Encourage creativity and allow students to create their dialogues.

Exercise 6: Write a Short Paragraph[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph about a current political figure in Latvia.

Solution:

Students should write a paragraph including the person's name, role, and contributions.

Exercise 7: Vocabulary Quiz[edit | edit source]

Create a quiz using the vocabulary words learned in this lesson.

Solution:

Students can create multiple-choice questions or fill-in-the-blank questions.

Exercise 8: Group Discussion[edit | edit source]

As a group, discuss the impact of EU membership on Latvia's economy.

Solution:

Facilitate a discussion and encourage different perspectives.

Exercise 9: Create a Mind Map[edit | edit source]

Create a mind map that illustrates the key political parties in Latvia.

Solution:

Students should draw connections between parties and their ideologies.

Exercise 10: Presentations[edit | edit source]

Prepare a short presentation on a social issue in Latvia of your choice.

Solution:

Encourage students to present their findings to the class.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we explored the modern politics and society of Latvia, examining the political structure, key figures, and social issues. We also built our vocabulary and practiced our language skills through engaging exercises. As you continue your journey in learning Standard Latvian, understanding the cultural and social context will enrich your experience and enable you to communicate more effectively.

Table of Contents - Standard Latvian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Latvian grammar


Daily life and routines


Latvian traditions and customs


Verbs and tenses


Going shopping and using public transport


Latvian geography and landmarks


Adverbs and prepositions


Leisure activities and hobbies


Latvian arts and museums


The accusative case and indirect objects


Education and employment


Latvian history and politics


Conditional and subjunctive mood


Travel and tourism


Latvian culture and identity


The genitive and possessive forms


Health and wellness


Latvian sports and outdoor activities


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Major historical events and figures — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — The conditional mood and hypothetical situations ▶️