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Nepali (individual language) Grammar → Comparison of Adjectives in Nepali

Welcome to this engaging lesson on the comparison of adjectives in Nepali! Understanding how to compare adjectives is essential for expressing differences and similarities in descriptions, thereby enriching your conversational skills. Whether you want to say that something is “bigger,” “smaller,” or “more beautiful,” mastering this aspect of grammar will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Nepali.

In this lesson, we will cover the following key areas:

Introduction to Comparison of Adjectives

The comparison of adjectives in Nepali allows us to articulate distinctions between different nouns. Just like in English, where we can say “tall,” “taller,” or “the tallest,” Nepali also has its way of forming comparisons. There are primarily three degrees of comparison to consider: positive, comparative, and superlative.

• Positive: The base form of the adjective (e.g., "कला" (kala) meaning "beautiful").

• Comparative: Used to compare two nouns (e.g., "कला भन्दा राम्रो" (kala bhanda ramro) meaning "more beautiful than").

• Superlative: Describes the highest degree among three or more nouns (e.g., "सर्वश्रेष्ठ कला" (sarvasrestha kala) meaning "the most beautiful").

Understanding these forms will not only help you describe things more vividly but also allow you to make relevant comparisons in conversations.

Structure of Comparison in Nepali

In Nepali, adjectives typically follow the nouns they modify. When it comes to comparisons, the structure changes slightly. Here’s a breakdown of how to form comparisons:

1. Positive Degree:

• Structure: Noun + Adjective

• Example: "यो घर ठूलो छ।" (Yo ghar thulo cha.) - "This house is big."

2. Comparative Degree:

• Structure: Noun + Adjective + भन्दा + Noun

• Example: "यो घर त्यो घरभन्दा ठूलो छ।" (Yo ghar tyo gharbhanda thulo cha.) - "This house is bigger than that house."

3. Superlative Degree:

• Structure: Noun + सर्वश्रेष्ठ + Adjective

• Example: "यो संसारको सबैभन्दा ठूलो घर हो।" (Yo sansarko sabaibhanda thulo ghar ho.) - "This is the biggest house in the world."

Let’s look at some common adjectives and how they transform across the three degrees of comparison.

Common Adjectives and Their Comparisons

Here are some common adjectives in Nepali, along with their comparative and superlative forms:

Nepali (individual language)	Pronunciation	English
ठूलो	thulo	big
ठूलो भन्दा ठूलो	thulo bhanda thulo	bigger
सर्वश्रेष्ठ ठूलो	sarvasrestha thulo	the biggest
सानो	sano	small
सानो भन्दा सानो	sano bhanda sano	smaller
सर्वश्रेष्ठ सानो	sarvasrestha sano	the smallest
राम्रो	ramro	good
राम्रो भन्दा राम्रो	ramro bhanda ramro	better
सर्वश्रेष्ठ राम्रो	sarvasrestha ramro	the best
चाँडो	chando	fast
चाँडो भन्दा चाँडो	chando bhanda chando	faster
सर्वश्रेष्ठ चाँडो	sarvasrestha chando	the fastest

Usage of Comparatives in Sentences

When forming sentences using comparative adjectives, it’s important to note how they fit into context. Here are several examples that illustrate the usage of comparative adjectives in different scenarios.

1. Comparing Sizes:

• "यो गाडी त्यो गाडीभन्दा ठूलो छ।" (Yo gaadi tyo gaadibhanda thulo cha.) - "This car is bigger than that car."

2. Comparing Qualities:

• "तपाईंको पुस्तक मेरो पुस्तकभन्दा राम्रो छ।" (Tapaiko pustak mero pustakbhanda ramro cha.) - "Your book is better than my book."

3. Comparing Speeds:

• "उनको दौड मेरो दौडभन्दा चाँडो छ।" (Unko daud mero daudbhanda chando cha.) - "His run is faster than my run."

4. Comparing Heights:

• "उ त्योभन्दा लामो छ।" (U tyobhanda lamo cha.) - "He is taller than that."

5. Comparing Ages:

• "म उसभन्दा ठूलो हुँ।" (Ma usbhanda thulo hun.) - "I am older than him/her."

Forming Superlatives in Sentences

Superlative forms express the highest degree of a quality. Here are some examples that highlight how to use superlative adjectives.

1. Expressing Extremity:

• "यो मेरो जीवनको सबैभन्दा राम्रो दिन हो।" (Yo mero jivanko sabaibhanda ramro din ho.) - "This is the best day of my life."

2. Highlighting Uniqueness:

• "संसारको सबैभन्दा ठूलो पर्वत माउन्ट एभरेस्ट हो।" (Sansarkko sabaibhanda thulo parbat Mount Everest ho.) - "Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world."

3. Describing Best Performers:

• "उ सबैभन्दा राम्रो खेलाडी हो।" (U sabaibhanda ramro kheladi ho.) - "He is the best player."

4. Identifying the Most Beautiful:

• "यो संसारको सबैभन्दा सुन्दर फूल हो।" (Yo sansarkko sabaibhanda sundar phool ho.) - "This is the most beautiful flower in the world."

5. Acknowledging the Fastest:

• "उ सबैभन्दा चाँडो दौडने व्यक्ति हो।" (U sabaibhanda chando daudne vyakti ho.) - "He is the fastest runner."

Exercises for Practice

Now that you have learned how to compare adjectives, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice forming and using comparative and superlative adjectives.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets.

1. यो गाडी _______ (छोटो) छ। (This car is _______ (short).)

2. म _______ (छोटो) भन्दा _______ (लामो) हुँ। (I am _______ (short) than _______ (tall).)

3. यो पुस्तक _______ (राम्रो) छ। (This book is _______ (good).)

4. त्यो खेल _______ (चाँडो) भन्दा _______ (धीमा) छ। (That game is _______ (fast) than _______ (slow).)

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences

Translate the following sentences into Nepali.

1. She is taller than her brother.

2. This is the best restaurant in town.

3. My house is bigger than your house.

4. He runs faster than anyone else.

Exercise 3: Comparative Sentences

Form comparative sentences using the following adjectives.

1. ठूलो (big)

2. राम्रो (good)

3. चाँडो (fast)

Exercise 4: Superlative Sentences

Create superlative sentences using these adjectives.

1. राम्रो (good)

2. ठूलो (big)

3. सुन्दर (beautiful)

Solutions and Explanations

Now let’s go through the solutions for each exercise to reinforce your understanding.

Solutions to Exercise 1

1. यो गाडी छोटो छ। (Yo gaadi chhoto cha.)

2. म छोटो भन्दा लामो हुँ। (Ma chhoto bhanda lamo hun.)

3. यो पुस्तक राम्रो छ। (Yo pustak ramro cha.)

4. त्यो खेल चाँडो भन्दा धीमा छ। (Tyo khel chando bhanda dhima cha.)

Solutions to Exercise 2

1. ऊ आफ्नो भाइभन्दा लामो छ। (U afno bhaibhanda lamo cha.)

2. यो शहरको सबैभन्दा राम्रो रेस्टुरेन्ट हो। (Yo shahrako sabaibhanda ramro restaurant ho.)

3. मेरो घर तिम्रो घरभन्दा ठूलो छ। (Mero ghar timro gharbhanda thulo cha.)

4. ऊ अरु सबैभन्दा चाँडो दौडन्छ। (U aru sabaibhanda chando daudanchha.)

Solutions to Exercise 3

1. यो गाडी त्यो गाडीभन्दा ठूलो छ। (Yo gaadi tyo gaadibhanda thulo cha.)

2. यो पुस्तक मेरो पुस्तकभन्दा राम्रो छ। (Yo pustak mero pustakbhanda ramro cha.)

3. ऊ मेरो साथीभन्दा चाँडो दौडन्छ। (U mero sathibhanda chando daudanchha.)

Solutions to Exercise 4

1. यो मेरो जीवनको सबैभन्दा राम्रो दिन हो। (Yo mero jivanko sabaibhanda ramro din ho.)

2. यो संसारको सबैभन्दा ठूलो पर्वत हो। (Yo sansarkko sabaibhanda thulo parbat ho.)

3. यो फूल संसारको सबैभन्दा सुन्दर फूल हो। (Yo phool sansarkko sabaibhanda sundar phool ho.)

In conclusion, mastering the comparison of adjectives in Nepali is a crucial step toward effective communication. Practice these structures and use them in your daily conversations to enhance your proficiency. Keep exploring the beauty of the Nepali language as you continue your learning journey!

Table of Contents - Nepali (individual language) Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Introduction to Nepali Nouns
• Noun Cases in Nepali
• Pronouns in Nepali

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Introduction to Nepali Verbs
• Present Tense in Nepali
• Past Tense in Nepali
• Future Tense in Nepali

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjectives in Nepali
• Comparison of Adjectives in Nepali
• Adverbs in Nepali

  ---

Negation and Interrogatives

• Negation in Nepali
• Interrogatives in Nepali

  ---

Numbers in Nepali

• Cardinal Numbers
• Ordinal Numbers
• Plural and Fractional Numbers

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Words and Phrases

• Greetings and Introductions
• Common Nepali Words and Phrases

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Food and Drinks

• Food in Nepali
• Drinks in Nepali

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Festivals in Nepal

• Dashain Festival
• Tihar Festival
• Holi Festival

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Nepali Society

• Family and Marriage in Nepal
• Religion and Beliefs in Nepal

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Nepali Cuisine

• Traditional Nepali Dishes
• Nepali Spices and Herbs

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Nepali Arts and Crafts

• Nepali Handicrafts
• Nepali Music and Dance

Other Lessons

• Pronouns
• Adjectives in Nepali
• Gender
• Negation in Nepali
• Future Tense in Nepali
• Past Tense in Nepali
• Interrogatives in Nepali
• How to Use Have
• Introduction to Nepali Verbs

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