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{{Bengali-Page-Top}}
{{Bengali-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Bengali|Bengali]]  → [[Language/Bengali/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Nouns</div>
Welcome to the "Bengali Grammar → Nouns" lesson! In this lesson, we will embark on an exciting journey to explore one of the fundamental components of the Bengali language: nouns. As complete beginners, understanding nouns will provide you with a solid foundation for constructing sentences, expressing thoughts, and engaging in conversations.
Nouns are the building blocks of language. They represent people, places, things, and ideas. Without nouns, our sentences would lack meaning and clarity. In Bengali, nouns have unique characteristics, including gender and plural forms, which we'll delve into throughout this lesson.
=== Outline of the Lesson: ===
1. '''Introduction to Nouns'''
2. '''Types of Nouns'''
* Common Nouns
* Proper Nouns
* Abstract Nouns


<div class="pg_page_title">Bengali Grammar - Nouns</div>
* Concrete Nouns


Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/bengali Bengali] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about one of the most fundamental parts of speech - Nouns. Nouns are words that represent people, places, animals, things, feelings or ideas. They can be singular or plural, and depending upon their gender (masculine/feminine/neuter) can take different forms.
3. '''Gender of Nouns'''
 
4. '''Plural Forms of Nouns'''
 
5. '''Examples of Nouns in Context'''
 
6. '''Exercises and Practice Scenarios'''
 
7. '''Conclusion'''


__TOC__
__TOC__


==What are Nouns?==
=== Introduction to Nouns ===
Nouns are the most common part of speech that we come across during our day to day conversation. They are words that name something. For example, "table", "book" and "computer" are all examples of nouns. In Bengali, "Badaami" (বাদামী) means "almond", "Bepar" (বেপার) means "business" and "Chashma" (চশমা) means "glasses".


==Bengali Nouns==
Nouns play a pivotal role in any language, and Bengali is no exception. They help us identify and communicate about our world, allowing us to express ourselves with clarity. In Bengali, nouns are categorized into different types and have specific rules regarding gender and pluralization.
In Bengali, generally, nouns do not have any genders. Instead, the gender is defined by some specific words such as "Nar" (নর) for male and "Meye" (মেয়ে) for female.  


Additionally, Bengali nouns do not have any article, such as "a", "an" or "the". For example, "মিষ্টি খাবেন?" (Do you want to eat sweets?) would be a correct sentence. If we say "আমরা মিষ্টি খাব" (We will eat the sweets), we can see that there is no added article before the word "মিষ্টি" (sweets).
=== Types of Nouns ===


There are some exceptions, where the article is used while representing the nouns in some specific contexts, such as "একটি ছোট মেয়ে" (a small girl), where the article "একটি" (a) is used to represent the noun "মেয়ে" (girl).
Nouns can be classified into several categories. Let's explore them one by one.
 
Here are some examples of Bengali Nouns:
==== Common Nouns ====
 
Common nouns refer to general items, people, or concepts. They do not denote a specific name. For example, the word "book" is a common noun because it refers to any book, not a particular one.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| দোকান || Dokan || Shop
 
| বই || boi || book
 
|-
|-
| রাত্রি || Ratri || Night
 
| মানুষ || manush || person
 
|-
|-
| ছোটবেলা || Chotbela || Childhood
 
| বাড়ি || bari || house
 
|-
 
| গাছ || gachh || tree
 
|-
|-
| লালজমিন || Lalmajin || Red carpet
 
| গাড়ি || gari || car
 
|}
|}


Let's see some examples where we use these nouns in Bengali conversation:
==== Proper Nouns ====
 
Proper nouns are specific names for particular people, places, or organizations. They are always capitalized. For instance, "Kolkata" refers to a specific city.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| কলকাতা || Kolkata || Kolkata
 
|-
 
| রবীন্দ্রনাথ || Rabindranath || Rabindranath
 
|-
 
| ভারত || Bharat || India
 
|-


* Person 1: আমি আজকাল রাতে ঘুম ভালোই পাচ্ছি (Ami ajkal rate ghoom bhaloi pachhi) (I am sleeping well at night these days)
| পদ্মা || Padma || Padma (river)
* Person 2: সে একজন ছোটবেলার থেকেই সদা ভালো লক্ষণ দেখাচ্ছে (Se ekjon chotbelar thekei shada bhalo lokkho dekhachhe) (He is showing good signs right from his childhood)


==Countable and Uncountable Nouns==
|-
During the study of Bengali nouns, we come across two types - countable and uncountable nouns.


Countable Nouns are the nouns that can be counted and take a singular and plural form. For example, "one shirt", "two shirts"; "a pen" and "two pens" are examples of countable nouns.
| সেন্ট্রাল পার্ক || Central Park || Central Park


Uncountable Nouns, on the other hand, cannot be counted, as they represent a general idea or an entire category. They are always used in the singular form. For example, "sugar", "water" and "coffee" are uncountable nouns, as they represent an idea in general.
|}


Here are some examples of countable and uncountable nouns:
==== Abstract Nouns ====
 
Abstract nouns refer to ideas or concepts that cannot be perceived with the senses. Examples include feelings or qualities, like "happiness" or "bravery."


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| চিনি || Chini || Sugar (uncountable)
 
| সুখ || shukh || happiness
 
|-
|-
| আঙুর || Angur || Grapes (countable)
 
| সাহস || sahos || bravery
 
|-
|-
| তাল || Tal || Palm Tree (countable)
 
| প্রেম || prem || love
 
|-
 
| জ্ঞান || gyan || knowledge
 
|-
 
| স্বাধীনতা || swadhinota || freedom
 
|}
|}


Let's see how countable and uncountable nouns are used in Bengali conversation:
==== Concrete Nouns ====
 
Concrete nouns, on the other hand, refer to things that can be experienced through the senses—things you can see, touch, or taste.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| আপেল || apel || apple
 
|-
 
| জল || jol || water
 
|-
 
| কমলালেবু || komolalebu || orange
 
|-
 
| টেবিল || tebil || table
 
|-
 
| পেন্সিল || pencil || pencil
 
|}
 
=== Gender of Nouns ===
 
In Bengali, nouns are categorized by gender: masculine and feminine. Understanding gender is crucial because it affects verb conjugation and adjective agreement.
 
==== Masculine Nouns ====
 
Masculine nouns typically refer to male beings or objects. For example, "ছেলে" (chhele) means "boy."
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ছেলে || chhele || boy
 
|-
 
| বাবা || baba || father
 
|-
 
| ভাই || bhai || brother
 
|-
 
| শিক্ষক || shikkhok || teacher (male)
 
|-
 
| বন্ধু || bondhu || friend (male)
 
|}
 
==== Feminine Nouns ====
 
Feminine nouns generally refer to female beings or objects. For instance, "মেয়ে" (meyee) means "girl."
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| মেয়ে || meyee || girl
 
|-
 
| মা || ma || mother
 
|-
 
| বোন || bon || sister
 
|-
 
| শিক্ষিকা || shikkhika || teacher (female)
 
|-
 
| বন্ধু || bondhu || friend (female)
 
|}
 
=== Plural Forms of Nouns ===
 
In Bengali, plural nouns are formed differently based on their gender and ending sounds.
 
==== Masculine Plural ====
 
To form the plural of masculine nouns, we often add "রা" (ra) to the singular form.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ছেলে || chhele || boy
 
|-
 
| ছেলেররা || chhelerra || boys
 
|-
 
| বাবা || baba || father


* Person 1: তুমি কতটা চিনি খেতে পারো? (Tumi koto ta chini khete paro?) (How much sugar can you eat?)
|-
* Person 2: আমি একটা আঙুর দিলাম তোমাকে (Ami ekta angur dilam tomakay) (I gave you a grape)


==Possessive Nouns==
| বাবারা || babara || fathers
A Possessive Noun is a noun that shows ownership or possession of something. In Bengali, Possessive Nouns are created by adding a suffix "er" (for two letter nouns), and "ar" (for three-letter nouns) at the end of the noun.


Here are some examples of Possessive Nouns in Bengali:
|-
 
| ভাই || bhai || brother
 
|-
 
| ভাইয়েরা || bhaieraa || brothers
 
|}
 
==== Feminine Plural ====
 
For feminine nouns, the plural is often formed by adding "মেয়ে" (meyee) with "রা" (ra).


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ঘর || Ghor || House
 
| মেয়ে || meyee || girl
 
|-
|-
| বাবা || Baba || Father
 
| মেয়েরা || meyeera || girls
 
|-
|-
| খামার || Khamar || Barn
 
| মা || ma || mother
 
|-
 
| মায়েরা || mayeera || mothers
 
|-
 
| বোন || bon || sister
 
|-
|-
| মেজ || Mez || Table
 
| বোনেরা || bonera || sisters
 
|}
|}


To create Possessive Nouns in Bengali, we can add suffix "er" or "ar" to these nouns as follows:
=== Examples of Nouns in Context ===
 
Now that we have covered the basics of nouns, let's see them in context. Here are some sentences that illustrate how nouns are used in Bengali.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Bengali !! Possessive Noun
 
! Bengali !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| ঘর || ঘরের (Ghorer)
 
| আমি একটি বই পড়ছি। || ami ekṭi boi porchhi. || I am reading a book.
 
|-
 
| সে একজন শিক্ষক। || se ekjon shikkhok. || He is a teacher.
 
|-
|-
| বাবা || বাবার (Babar)
 
| মেয়েটি গাছের নিচে দাঁড়িয়ে আছে। || meyeṭi gacher niche daariye aachhe. || The girl is standing under the tree.
 
|-
|-
| খামার || খামারের (Khamarer)
 
| আমরা কলকাতায় যাচ্ছি। || amra Kolkatae jachchi. || We are going to Kolkata.
 
|-
|-
| মেজ || মেজের (Mezer)
 
| তারা স্বাধীনতা চায়। || tara swadhinota chay. || They want freedom.
 
|}
|}


Let's see how possessive nouns are used in Bengali conversation:
=== Exercises and Practice Scenarios ===
 
To solidify your understanding of nouns, here are some exercises.


* Person 1: আমার বাবার নাম অশোক (Amar Babar nam Ashok) (My father's name is Ashok)
1. '''Identify the Nouns:'''
* Person 2: আমি খামারের মালিক (Ami Khamarer Malik) (I am the owner of the barn)


==Conclusion==
Read the following sentences and underline the nouns.
In this lesson, we learned about different types of Bengali nouns, their use in sentences, and how to create Possessive Nouns in Bengali. Now, you can practice and apply these concepts to improve your Bengali Grammar. To improve your Bengali Grammar further, you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=15 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/bengali/question questions]!


So, that's all for this lesson. Hope you enjoyed learning about Bengali Nouns. We will see you in the next one!
* আমি একটি আপেল খাচ্ছি।


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
* তুমি আমার বন্ধু।


== Sources ==
'''Solution:'''
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language Bengali language]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar Grammar]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessive Possessive Nouns]


* Nouns: আপেল (apple), বন্ধু (friend).
2. '''Gender Identification:'''
Determine the gender of the following nouns:
* মা
* শিক্ষক
* গাছ
'''Solution:'''
* মা: Feminine
* শিক্ষক: Masculine
* গাছ: Neutral
3. '''Pluralization:'''
Convert the following singular nouns to their plural forms:
* ছেলে
* মেয়ে
* বই
'''Solution:'''
* ছেলে: ছেলেরা
* মেয়ে: মেয়েরা
* বই: বইগুলো
4. '''Fill in the Blanks:'''
Complete the sentences using appropriate nouns.
* আমার _____ (father) একটি _____ (book) পড়ছে।
* _____ (girl) ফুল তুলছে।
'''Solution:'''
* আমার বাবা একটি বই পড়ছে।
* মেয়ে ফুল তুলছে।
5. '''Translate the Nouns:'''
Translate the following nouns from Bengali to English:
* গাছ
* নদী
* শহর
'''Solution:'''
* গাছ: tree
* নদী: river
* শহর: city
6. '''Match the Nouns:'''
Match the Bengali nouns with their English equivalents.
* ছেলে
* মা
* শিক্ষক
'''Solution:'''
* ছেলে: boy
* মা: mother
* শিক্ষক: teacher
7. '''Create Sentences:'''
Use the following nouns to create meaningful sentences:
* বই
* গাড়ি
* নদী
'''Solution:'''
* আমি একটি বই পড়ছি।
* আমার গাড়ি লাল।
* নদীটি খুব সুন্দর।
8. '''Noun Classification:'''
Classify the following nouns as common, proper, abstract, or concrete:
* প্রেম
* কলকাতা
* বই
'''Solution:'''
* প্রেম: Abstract
* কলকাতা: Proper
* বই: Common
9. '''Identify the Plurals:'''
Identify the plural form of the following nouns:
* বাবা
* মেয়ে
* গাছ
'''Solution:'''
* বাবা: বাবারা
* মেয়ে: মেয়েরা
* গাছ: গাছগুলো
10. '''Gender Conversion:'''
Convert the following masculine nouns to feminine:
* শিক্ষক
* ভাই
'''Solution:'''
* শিক্ষক: শিক্ষিকা
* ভাই: বোন
=== Conclusion ===
Congratulations on completing the "Bengali Grammar → Nouns" lesson! You've taken significant steps towards mastering the essential elements of the Bengali language. Nouns are vital for effective communication, and understanding their types, genders, and plural forms will greatly enhance your ability to express yourself in Bengali.
Keep practicing, and soon you'll find yourself confidently using nouns in your conversations. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every step you take brings you closer to fluency!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Bengali Grammar - Nouns
 
|keywords=Bengali, Nouns, Countable, Uncountable, Possessive
|title=Bengali Grammar Nouns Lesson
|description=In this lesson, we will cover the fundamentals of Bengali Nouns - Countable and Uncountable Nouns, Possessive Nouns and how they are used in sentences with examples. Find out more!
 
|keywords=bengali nouns, bengali grammar, learn bengali, bengali language, nouns in bengali, common nouns, proper nouns
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about nouns in Bengali, including their types, gender, and plural forms, with exercises to practice your skills.
 
}}
}}
{{Template:Bengali-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Bengali-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Bengali-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Sources==
* [https://currylangs.tumblr.com/post/164256209205/bengali-nouns-2-cases all curry is good curry — Bengali Nouns #2: Cases]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_grammar Bengali grammar - Wikipedia]




==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Bengali/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]

Latest revision as of 09:01, 1 August 2024


Bengali-Language-PolyglotClub.png
BengaliGrammar0 to A1 Course → Nouns

Welcome to the "Bengali Grammar → Nouns" lesson! In this lesson, we will embark on an exciting journey to explore one of the fundamental components of the Bengali language: nouns. As complete beginners, understanding nouns will provide you with a solid foundation for constructing sentences, expressing thoughts, and engaging in conversations.

Nouns are the building blocks of language. They represent people, places, things, and ideas. Without nouns, our sentences would lack meaning and clarity. In Bengali, nouns have unique characteristics, including gender and plural forms, which we'll delve into throughout this lesson.

Outline of the Lesson:[edit | edit source]

1. Introduction to Nouns

2. Types of Nouns

  • Common Nouns
  • Proper Nouns
  • Abstract Nouns
  • Concrete Nouns

3. Gender of Nouns

4. Plural Forms of Nouns

5. Examples of Nouns in Context

6. Exercises and Practice Scenarios

7. Conclusion

Introduction to Nouns[edit | edit source]

Nouns play a pivotal role in any language, and Bengali is no exception. They help us identify and communicate about our world, allowing us to express ourselves with clarity. In Bengali, nouns are categorized into different types and have specific rules regarding gender and pluralization.

Types of Nouns[edit | edit source]

Nouns can be classified into several categories. Let's explore them one by one.

Common Nouns[edit | edit source]

Common nouns refer to general items, people, or concepts. They do not denote a specific name. For example, the word "book" is a common noun because it refers to any book, not a particular one.

Bengali Pronunciation English
বই boi book
মানুষ manush person
বাড়ি bari house
গাছ gachh tree
গাড়ি gari car

Proper Nouns[edit | edit source]

Proper nouns are specific names for particular people, places, or organizations. They are always capitalized. For instance, "Kolkata" refers to a specific city.

Bengali Pronunciation English
কলকাতা Kolkata Kolkata
রবীন্দ্রনাথ Rabindranath Rabindranath
ভারত Bharat India
পদ্মা Padma Padma (river)
সেন্ট্রাল পার্ক Central Park Central Park

Abstract Nouns[edit | edit source]

Abstract nouns refer to ideas or concepts that cannot be perceived with the senses. Examples include feelings or qualities, like "happiness" or "bravery."

Bengali Pronunciation English
সুখ shukh happiness
সাহস sahos bravery
প্রেম prem love
জ্ঞান gyan knowledge
স্বাধীনতা swadhinota freedom

Concrete Nouns[edit | edit source]

Concrete nouns, on the other hand, refer to things that can be experienced through the senses—things you can see, touch, or taste.

Bengali Pronunciation English
আপেল apel apple
জল jol water
কমলালেবু komolalebu orange
টেবিল tebil table
পেন্সিল pencil pencil

Gender of Nouns[edit | edit source]

In Bengali, nouns are categorized by gender: masculine and feminine. Understanding gender is crucial because it affects verb conjugation and adjective agreement.

Masculine Nouns[edit | edit source]

Masculine nouns typically refer to male beings or objects. For example, "ছেলে" (chhele) means "boy."

Bengali Pronunciation English
ছেলে chhele boy
বাবা baba father
ভাই bhai brother
শিক্ষক shikkhok teacher (male)
বন্ধু bondhu friend (male)

Feminine Nouns[edit | edit source]

Feminine nouns generally refer to female beings or objects. For instance, "মেয়ে" (meyee) means "girl."

Bengali Pronunciation English
মেয়ে meyee girl
মা ma mother
বোন bon sister
শিক্ষিকা shikkhika teacher (female)
বন্ধু bondhu friend (female)

Plural Forms of Nouns[edit | edit source]

In Bengali, plural nouns are formed differently based on their gender and ending sounds.

Masculine Plural[edit | edit source]

To form the plural of masculine nouns, we often add "রা" (ra) to the singular form.

Bengali Pronunciation English
ছেলে chhele boy
ছেলেররা chhelerra boys
বাবা baba father
বাবারা babara fathers
ভাই bhai brother
ভাইয়েরা bhaieraa brothers

Feminine Plural[edit | edit source]

For feminine nouns, the plural is often formed by adding "মেয়ে" (meyee) with "রা" (ra).

Bengali Pronunciation English
মেয়ে meyee girl
মেয়েরা meyeera girls
মা ma mother
মায়েরা mayeera mothers
বোন bon sister
বোনেরা bonera sisters

Examples of Nouns in Context[edit | edit source]

Now that we have covered the basics of nouns, let's see them in context. Here are some sentences that illustrate how nouns are used in Bengali.

Bengali Pronunciation English
আমি একটি বই পড়ছি। ami ekṭi boi porchhi. I am reading a book.
সে একজন শিক্ষক। se ekjon shikkhok. He is a teacher.
মেয়েটি গাছের নিচে দাঁড়িয়ে আছে। meyeṭi gacher niche daariye aachhe. The girl is standing under the tree.
আমরা কলকাতায় যাচ্ছি। amra Kolkatae jachchi. We are going to Kolkata.
তারা স্বাধীনতা চায়। tara swadhinota chay. They want freedom.

Exercises and Practice Scenarios[edit | edit source]

To solidify your understanding of nouns, here are some exercises.

1. Identify the Nouns:

Read the following sentences and underline the nouns.

  • আমি একটি আপেল খাচ্ছি।
  • তুমি আমার বন্ধু।

Solution:

  • Nouns: আপেল (apple), বন্ধু (friend).

2. Gender Identification:

Determine the gender of the following nouns:

  • মা
  • শিক্ষক
  • গাছ

Solution:

  • মা: Feminine
  • শিক্ষক: Masculine
  • গাছ: Neutral

3. Pluralization:

Convert the following singular nouns to their plural forms:

  • ছেলে
  • মেয়ে
  • বই

Solution:

  • ছেলে: ছেলেরা
  • মেয়ে: মেয়েরা
  • বই: বইগুলো

4. Fill in the Blanks:

Complete the sentences using appropriate nouns.

  • আমার _____ (father) একটি _____ (book) পড়ছে।
  • _____ (girl) ফুল তুলছে।

Solution:

  • আমার বাবা একটি বই পড়ছে।
  • মেয়ে ফুল তুলছে।

5. Translate the Nouns:

Translate the following nouns from Bengali to English:

  • গাছ
  • নদী
  • শহর

Solution:

  • গাছ: tree
  • নদী: river
  • শহর: city

6. Match the Nouns:

Match the Bengali nouns with their English equivalents.

  • ছেলে
  • মা
  • শিক্ষক

Solution:

  • ছেলে: boy
  • মা: mother
  • শিক্ষক: teacher

7. Create Sentences:

Use the following nouns to create meaningful sentences:

  • বই
  • গাড়ি
  • নদী

Solution:

  • আমি একটি বই পড়ছি।
  • আমার গাড়ি লাল।
  • নদীটি খুব সুন্দর।

8. Noun Classification:

Classify the following nouns as common, proper, abstract, or concrete:

  • প্রেম
  • কলকাতা
  • বই

Solution:

  • প্রেম: Abstract
  • কলকাতা: Proper
  • বই: Common

9. Identify the Plurals:

Identify the plural form of the following nouns:

  • বাবা
  • মেয়ে
  • গাছ

Solution:

  • বাবা: বাবারা
  • মেয়ে: মেয়েরা
  • গাছ: গাছগুলো

10. Gender Conversion:

Convert the following masculine nouns to feminine:

  • শিক্ষক
  • ভাই

Solution:

  • শিক্ষক: শিক্ষিকা
  • ভাই: বোন

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing the "Bengali Grammar → Nouns" lesson! You've taken significant steps towards mastering the essential elements of the Bengali language. Nouns are vital for effective communication, and understanding their types, genders, and plural forms will greatly enhance your ability to express yourself in Bengali.

Keep practicing, and soon you'll find yourself confidently using nouns in your conversations. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every step you take brings you closer to fluency!

Sources[edit | edit source]


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