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{{Serbian-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Serbian|Serbian]]  → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs: Imperative</div>
Welcome to our lesson on the '''Imperative Mood''' in Serbian verbs! Understanding how to give commands, requests, or instructions is an essential part of mastering any language, and Serbian is no exception. The imperative mood allows you to express urgency, necessity, or simply make a suggestion. Whether you're instructing a friend to "come here" or asking someone to "please sit down," the imperative is a vital tool in everyday communication.
In this lesson, we will explore:
* What the imperative mood is and when to use it
* The formation of the imperative for different verb types
* Examples that illustrate these concepts in a clear and engaging manner
* Practical exercises to help you apply what you've learned
By the end of this lesson, you'll have a solid understanding of how to use the imperative in Serbian, empowering you to communicate more effectively in various situations.


<div class="pg_page_title">Serbian Grammar → Pronouns: Possessive Pronouns → Verbs: Imperative</div>
__TOC__
__TOC__


The imperative mood is used in Serbian when giving commands or expressing requests. It is used to convey urgency and is typically shorter and more direct than sentences using other moods. In this lesson, we will learn how to use the imperative mood in Serbian verbs.
=== What Is the Imperative Mood? ===
 
The '''imperative mood''' is used to issue commands, requests, or instructions. In Serbian, just like in English, we use the imperative to tell someone what to do. It's important to note that the imperative can vary based on the formality of the situation, the number of people you are addressing, and the context in which you're speaking.
 
=== Key Points: ===
 
* '''Usage''': Direct commands, requests, or suggestions.
 
* '''Formality''': Can be formal or informal based on the relationship between speakers.
 
* '''Number''': Singular or plural forms exist.


==Formation of the Imperative==
=== Formation of the Imperative ===


The imperative in Serbian is formed by using the base form of the verb with the appropriate ending for the subject. In the present tense, the endings for the imperative mood are:
Creating the imperative form of a verb in Serbian involves some specific rules. Let’s break it down according to different verb types.


* -aj for the singular masculine form
==== Regular Verbs ====
* -i for the singular feminine form
* -imo for the plural form


Examples:
Regular verbs in Serbian follow predictable patterns. The imperative is formed by removing the infinitive ending and applying the appropriate ending for the command.
 
'''Example:'''
 
* Infinitive: raditi (to work)
 
* Imperative Singular: radi (work!)
 
* Imperative Plural: radite (you all work!)


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Sedi! || 'sɛdi || Sit! (singular masculine)
 
| raditi || ˈraditi || to work
 
|-
 
| radi || ˈradi || work! (singular)
 
|-
 
| radite || ˈradite || work! (plural)
 
|}
 
==== Irregular Verbs ====
 
Some verbs are irregular and do not follow the standard patterns. Below are a few common irregular verbs and their imperative forms.
 
'''Example:'''
 
* Infinitive: ići (to go)
 
* Imperative Singular: idi (go!)
 
* Imperative Plural: idite (you all go!)
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ići || ˈiːtʃi || to go
 
|-
|-
| Radi! || 'radi || Work! (singular feminine)
 
| idi || ˈidi || go! (singular)
 
|-
|-
| Reci! || 'rɛtsi || Say! (plural)
 
| idite || ˈidite || go! (plural)
 
|}
|}


Note that if the verb stem ends in -i or -e, then the -aj or -i ending is dropped.
==== Reflexive Verbs ====


Examples:
Reflexive verbs are those that include a reflexive pronoun. When forming the imperative, the reflexive pronoun is often omitted in the command.


* Lezi! (singular masculine)
'''Example:'''
* Pevaj! (singular feminine)
* Zovite! (plural)


==Irregular Verbs==
* Infinitive: brinuti se (to take care)


Some verbs have irregular imperative forms in Serbian. Here are some common examples:
* Imperative Singular: brini se (take care!)
 
* Imperative Plural: brinite se (you all take care!)


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Hajde! || 'hajdɛ || Let's go!
 
| brinuti se || ˈbrinuti se || to take care
 
|-
|-
| Budi! || 'budi || Be!
 
| brini se || ˈbrini se || take care! (singular)
 
|-
|-
| Idi! || 'idi || Go!
 
| brinite se || ˈbrinite se || take care! (plural)
 
|}
 
=== Tone and Context ===
 
The tone in which you deliver an imperative command can significantly affect its reception. A command can come off as polite or rude based on how it is expressed. Adding "molim" (please) can soften commands and make them more polite.
 
'''Example:'''
 
* "Radi, molim!" (Work, please!)
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Reci! || 'rɛtsi || Say!
 
| Radi, molim! || ˈradi, ˈmɔlim! || Work, please!
 
|}
|}


==Negative Imperative==
=== Common Imperative Forms ===


To form the negative imperative in Serbian, simply add the word ne (meaning "not") before the verb.
Let’s summarize some common verbs and their imperative forms to help you get a grasp of how this works in practice.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"


* Ne radi! (Don't work!)
! Serbian (Infinitive) !! Pronunciation !! Imperative (Singular) !! Pronunciation !! Imperative (Plural) !! Pronunciation
* Ne idi! (Don't go!)


==Exceptions==
|-


There are a few exceptions to the formation of the imperative mood in Serbian. The verb "biti" (to be) has irregular imperative forms:
| raditi || ˈraditi || radi || ˈradi || radite || ˈradite


* Budi (singular masculine)
|-
* Budi(t)e (plural)
* Budi (singular feminine)


Another exception is the verb "hteti" (to want). The imperative forms are:
| ići || ˈiːtʃi || idi || ˈidi || idite || ˈidite


* Hoću (singular masculine)
|-
* Hoć(e)mo (plural)
* Hoću (singular feminine)


==Conclusion==
| učiti || ˈutʃiti || uči || ˈutʃi || učite || ˈutʃite


In this lesson, we learned about the imperative mood in Serbian verbs. We saw how to form the imperative in the present tense, how to use it with irregular verbs, and how to create negative imperatives. By mastering the imperative mood, you'll be able to confidently give commands and requests in everyday situations.
|-


| jesti || ˈjɛsti || jedi || ˈjɛdi || jedite || ˈjɛdite


<span class='maj'></span>
|-
==Sources==
 
* [http://www.studyserbian.com/proba/grammar/Word_Order_Imper.asp Word order in Serbian imperative sentences]
| piti || ˈpiti || pijen || ˈpijen || pijete || ˈpijete
* [https://fastlanguagemastery.com/learn-foreign-languages/serbian-language/serbian-imperative-mood/ Serbian imperative mood - Fast Language Mastery]
 
|}
 
=== Exercises ===
 
Now that you have a solid understanding of the imperative mood, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences with the correct imperative form of the verb in parentheses.
 
1. (ići) __________ na posao! 
 
2. (raditi) __________ više! 
 
3. (učiti) __________ za ispit! 
 
4. (piti) __________ vodu! 
 
5. (brinuti se) __________ o sebi! 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Idi na posao! (Go to work!)
 
2. Radi više! (Work more!)
 
3. Uči za ispit! (Study for the exam!)
 
4. Pij vodu! (Drink water!)
 
5. Brini se o sebi! (Take care of yourself!)
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate to Serbian ====
 
Translate the following commands into Serbian.
 
1. Come here! 
 
2. Sit down! 
 
3. Read this book! 
 
4. Close the door! 
 
5. Write your name! 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Dođi ovde! (Come here!)
 
2. Sedi! (Sit down!)
 
3. Pročitaj ovu knjigu! (Read this book!)
 
4. Zatvori vrata! (Close the door!)
 
5. Napiši svoje ime! (Write your name!)
 
==== Exercise 3: Politeness Practice ====
 
Transform the following commands to make them more polite by adding "molim."
 
1. Radi! 
 
2. Idi! 
 
3. Uči! 
 
4. Pij! 
 
5. Sedi! 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Radi, molim! (Work, please!)
 
2. Idi, molim! (Go, please!)
 
3. Uči, molim! (Study, please!)
 
4. Pij, molim! (Drink, please!)
 
5. Sedi, molim! (Sit down, please!)
 
==== Exercise 4: Match the Verb with the Imperative ====
 
Match the infinitive verbs with their correct imperative forms.
 
1. ići 
 
2. jesti 
 
3. raditi 
 
4. učiti 
 
5. piti 
 
a. jedi 
 
b. idi 
 
c. radi 
 
d. uči 
 
e. pij 
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1 - b (ići - idi) 
 
2 - a (jesti - jedi) 
 
3 - c (raditi - radi) 
 
4 - d (učiti - uči) 
 
5 - e (piti - pij)
 
==== Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences ====
 
Create your own sentences using the imperative form of the following verbs:
 
1. da se smeješ (to laugh) 
 
2. da pevaš (to sing) 
 
3. da igraš (to play) 
 
4. da čitaš (to read) 
 
5. da pišeš (to write) 
 
'''Example Answers:'''
 
1. Smej se! (Laugh!)
 
2. Pevaj! (Sing!)
 
3. Igraj! (Play!)
 
4. Čitaj! (Read!)
 
5. Piši! (Write!)
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
The imperative mood is a crucial part of the Serbian language, allowing you to give commands, make requests, and interact more effectively in everyday situations. Take time to practice the various forms and remember the importance of tone and politeness in your communication.
 
Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to use the imperative in your conversations. It’s a powerful way to express yourself and connect with others. Good luck, and happy learning!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Serbian Grammar: Possessive Pronouns → Verbs: Imperative
 
|keywords=Serbian, grammar, imperative mood, present tense, negative imperative, irregular verbs
|title=Learn Serbian Imperative Verbs
|description=In this lesson, we will learn how to use the imperative mood in Serbian verbs. We will see how to form it in the present tense, how to use it with irregular verbs, and how to create negative imperatives.
 
|keywords=Serbian, imperative verbs, learn Serbian, Serbian grammar, language learning, Serbian commands
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the imperative mood in Serbian verbs, including formation, examples, and practice exercises to enhance your skills.
 
}}
}}


{{Serbian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Serbian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
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==Sources==
* [http://www.studyserbian.com/proba/grammar/Word_Order_Imper.asp Word order in Serbian imperative sentences]
* [https://fastlanguagemastery.com/learn-foreign-languages/serbian-language/serbian-imperative-mood/ Serbian imperative mood - Fast Language Mastery]




==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Imperative-Tense|Imperative Tense]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Imperative-Tense|Imperative Tense]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Definite-Articles-in-Serbian|Definite Articles in Serbian]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Definite-Articles-in-Serbian|Definite Articles in Serbian]]
Line 108: Line 366:
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Plural|Plural]]


{{Serbian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Serbian-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Adjectives:-Comparative-and-Superlative|◀️ Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Serbian/Vocabulary/Clothes-and-Accessories|Next Lesson — Clothes and Accessories ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 01:54, 1 August 2024

◀️ Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Clothes and Accessories ▶️

Serbian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Serbian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs: Imperative

Welcome to our lesson on the Imperative Mood in Serbian verbs! Understanding how to give commands, requests, or instructions is an essential part of mastering any language, and Serbian is no exception. The imperative mood allows you to express urgency, necessity, or simply make a suggestion. Whether you're instructing a friend to "come here" or asking someone to "please sit down," the imperative is a vital tool in everyday communication.

In this lesson, we will explore:

  • What the imperative mood is and when to use it
  • The formation of the imperative for different verb types
  • Examples that illustrate these concepts in a clear and engaging manner
  • Practical exercises to help you apply what you've learned

By the end of this lesson, you'll have a solid understanding of how to use the imperative in Serbian, empowering you to communicate more effectively in various situations.

What Is the Imperative Mood?[edit | edit source]

The imperative mood is used to issue commands, requests, or instructions. In Serbian, just like in English, we use the imperative to tell someone what to do. It's important to note that the imperative can vary based on the formality of the situation, the number of people you are addressing, and the context in which you're speaking.

Key Points:[edit | edit source]

  • Usage: Direct commands, requests, or suggestions.
  • Formality: Can be formal or informal based on the relationship between speakers.
  • Number: Singular or plural forms exist.

Formation of the Imperative[edit | edit source]

Creating the imperative form of a verb in Serbian involves some specific rules. Let’s break it down according to different verb types.

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in Serbian follow predictable patterns. The imperative is formed by removing the infinitive ending and applying the appropriate ending for the command.

Example:

  • Infinitive: raditi (to work)
  • Imperative Singular: radi (work!)
  • Imperative Plural: radite (you all work!)
Serbian Pronunciation English
raditi ˈraditi to work
radi ˈradi work! (singular)
radite ˈradite work! (plural)

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Some verbs are irregular and do not follow the standard patterns. Below are a few common irregular verbs and their imperative forms.

Example:

  • Infinitive: ići (to go)
  • Imperative Singular: idi (go!)
  • Imperative Plural: idite (you all go!)
Serbian Pronunciation English
ići ˈiːtʃi to go
idi ˈidi go! (singular)
idite ˈidite go! (plural)

Reflexive Verbs[edit | edit source]

Reflexive verbs are those that include a reflexive pronoun. When forming the imperative, the reflexive pronoun is often omitted in the command.

Example:

  • Infinitive: brinuti se (to take care)
  • Imperative Singular: brini se (take care!)
  • Imperative Plural: brinite se (you all take care!)
Serbian Pronunciation English
brinuti se ˈbrinuti se to take care
brini se ˈbrini se take care! (singular)
brinite se ˈbrinite se take care! (plural)

Tone and Context[edit | edit source]

The tone in which you deliver an imperative command can significantly affect its reception. A command can come off as polite or rude based on how it is expressed. Adding "molim" (please) can soften commands and make them more polite.

Example:

  • "Radi, molim!" (Work, please!)
Serbian Pronunciation English
Radi, molim! ˈradi, ˈmɔlim! Work, please!

Common Imperative Forms[edit | edit source]

Let’s summarize some common verbs and their imperative forms to help you get a grasp of how this works in practice.

Serbian (Infinitive) Pronunciation Imperative (Singular) Pronunciation Imperative (Plural) Pronunciation
raditi ˈraditi radi ˈradi radite ˈradite
ići ˈiːtʃi idi ˈidi idite ˈidite
učiti ˈutʃiti uči ˈutʃi učite ˈutʃite
jesti ˈjɛsti jedi ˈjɛdi jedite ˈjɛdite
piti ˈpiti pijen ˈpijen pijete ˈpijete

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a solid understanding of the imperative mood, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct imperative form of the verb in parentheses.

1. (ići) __________ na posao!

2. (raditi) __________ više!

3. (učiti) __________ za ispit!

4. (piti) __________ vodu!

5. (brinuti se) __________ o sebi!

Answers:

1. Idi na posao! (Go to work!)

2. Radi više! (Work more!)

3. Uči za ispit! (Study for the exam!)

4. Pij vodu! (Drink water!)

5. Brini se o sebi! (Take care of yourself!)

Exercise 2: Translate to Serbian[edit | edit source]

Translate the following commands into Serbian.

1. Come here!

2. Sit down!

3. Read this book!

4. Close the door!

5. Write your name!

Answers:

1. Dođi ovde! (Come here!)

2. Sedi! (Sit down!)

3. Pročitaj ovu knjigu! (Read this book!)

4. Zatvori vrata! (Close the door!)

5. Napiši svoje ime! (Write your name!)

Exercise 3: Politeness Practice[edit | edit source]

Transform the following commands to make them more polite by adding "molim."

1. Radi!

2. Idi!

3. Uči!

4. Pij!

5. Sedi!

Answers:

1. Radi, molim! (Work, please!)

2. Idi, molim! (Go, please!)

3. Uči, molim! (Study, please!)

4. Pij, molim! (Drink, please!)

5. Sedi, molim! (Sit down, please!)

Exercise 4: Match the Verb with the Imperative[edit | edit source]

Match the infinitive verbs with their correct imperative forms.

1. ići

2. jesti

3. raditi

4. učiti

5. piti

a. jedi

b. idi

c. radi

d. uči

e. pij

Answers:

1 - b (ići - idi)

2 - a (jesti - jedi)

3 - c (raditi - radi)

4 - d (učiti - uči)

5 - e (piti - pij)

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create your own sentences using the imperative form of the following verbs:

1. da se smeješ (to laugh)

2. da pevaš (to sing)

3. da igraš (to play)

4. da čitaš (to read)

5. da pišeš (to write)

Example Answers:

1. Smej se! (Laugh!)

2. Pevaj! (Sing!)

3. Igraj! (Play!)

4. Čitaj! (Read!)

5. Piši! (Write!)

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

The imperative mood is a crucial part of the Serbian language, allowing you to give commands, make requests, and interact more effectively in everyday situations. Take time to practice the various forms and remember the importance of tone and politeness in your communication.

Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to use the imperative in your conversations. It’s a powerful way to express yourself and connect with others. Good luck, and happy learning!

Table of Contents - Serbian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Serbian Grammar


Introduction to Serbian Vocabulary


Introduction to Serbian Culture


Pronouns: Possessive Pronouns


Shopping


Sports and Recreation


Adjectives: Declension


Jobs and Professions


Literature and Poetry


Verbs: Conditional


Entertainment and Media


Art and Artists

Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Clothes and Accessories ▶️

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