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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Portuguese|Portuguese]]  → [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Irregular Verbs</div>
Welcome to our lesson on '''Irregular Verbs''' in Portuguese! Understanding irregular verbs is essential for anyone starting their journey into the Portuguese language. While regular verbs follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs can be a bit unpredictable, which makes them both a challenge and an exciting part of learning Portuguese. Mastering these verbs will enhance your ability to communicate effectively and naturally in everyday situations.
In this lesson, we will explore:
* The importance of irregular verbs in Portuguese
* A detailed breakdown of common irregular verbs in the present tense
* Examples of these verbs in context
* Exercises to practice what you've learned
By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of some of the most commonly used irregular verbs and how to conjugate them in the present tense.
__TOC__
=== The Importance of Irregular Verbs ===
Irregular verbs are an integral part of the Portuguese language. They are used frequently in daily conversations, and knowing how to conjugate them correctly can significantly improve your fluency. Unlike regular verbs that follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs often change forms in unexpected ways. This can be tricky for beginners, but with practice, you'll find that these verbs become easier to recognize and use.
Let’s dive into the world of irregular verbs!
=== Common Irregular Verbs in Present Tense ===
In this section, we will cover '''20 common irregular verbs''' in the present tense. Each verb will be presented in a table format, showcasing its conjugation for the pronouns: '''eu (I), tu (you, informal), ele/ela/você (he/she/you, formal), nós (we), vós (you all, rare), eles/elas/vocês (they/you all)'''.
Here’s the list of verbs we will explore:
1. '''Ir (to go)'''
2. '''Ser (to be)'''
3. '''Estar (to be)'''
4. '''Ter (to have)'''
5. '''Fazer (to do/make)'''
6. '''Dizer (to say/tell)'''
7. '''Poder (to be able to/can)'''
8. '''Trazer (to bring)'''
9. '''Ver (to see)'''
10. '''Saber (to know)'''
11. '''Querer (to want)'''
12. '''Vir (to come)'''
13. '''Dar (to give)'''
14. '''Ler (to read)'''


<div class="pg_page_title">Portuguese Grammar → Unit 2: Verbs - Present Tense → Irregular Verbs</div>
15. '''Escrever (to write)'''


__TOC__
16. '''Sentir (to feel)'''


Olá! In this lesson, we will continue talking about verbs in the present tense, but this time we will focus on the irregular verbs. Irregular verbs do not follow the standard pattern of conjugation in the present tense, so it is important to learn them by heart.
17. '''Preferir (to prefer)'''


== Regular Vs. Irregular Verbs ==
18. '''Escolher (to choose)'''


As we have learned in the previous lesson, regular verbs follow a pattern in order to be conjugated in the present tense. The verb stem remains the same, but the ending changes depending on the subject pronoun (Eu, Você, Ele/Ela, Nós, Vocês, Eles/Elas).
19. '''Caber (to fit)'''


Irregular verbs, on the other hand, do not follow this pattern and must be memorized since their stem also changes when conjugated. In this lesson, we will learn some of the most common irregular verbs and their conjugation in the present tense.
20. '''Valer (to be worth)'''


== Common Irregular Verbs ==
Here are the conjugations for each verb:


Here are some of the most common irregular verbs in Portuguese:
==== Ir (to go) ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ser || [sɛʁ] || to be (permanent)
 
| vou || [voʊ] || I go
 
|-
|-
| Estar || [ɨʃ'taɾ] || to be (temporary)
 
| vais || [vaiʃ] || you go
 
|-
|-
| Ter || [ter] || to have
 
| vai || [vai] || he/she/you go
 
|-
|-
| Fazer || [fa'zeɾ] || to do/to make
 
| vamos || [ˈvɐ̃muʃ] || we go
 
|-
|-
| Ir || [iɾ] || to go  
 
| ides || [ˈidɨʃ] || you all go
 
|-
|-
| Vir || [viɾ] || to come
 
| vão || [vɐ̃w] || they/you all go
 
|}
|}


Now, let's learn how to conjugate each of these verbs in the present tense.
==== Ser (to be) ====


=== Ser ===
{| class="wikitable"


Ser is a very important verb in Portuguese. It is used to express permanent characteristics of a person, thing, or situation. For example:
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English


* Eu sou casado(a) - I am married.
|-
* Ele é alto - He is tall.
 
* Nós somos brasileiros - We are Brazilian.
| sou || [soʊ] || I am
 
|-
 
| és || [ɛʃ] || you are
 
|-


To conjugate Ser, we change the stem to "sej" and add the following endings:
| é || [ɛ] || he/she/you are
 
|-
 
| somos || [ˈsomuʃ] || we are
 
|-
 
| sois || [soɪʃ] || you all are
 
|-
 
| são || [sɐ̃w] || they/you all are
 
|}
 
==== Estar (to be) ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject Pronoun !! Verb Conjugation
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| estou || [ɛˈstoʊ] || I am
 
|-
 
| estás || [ɛˈtaʃ] || you are
 
|-
 
| está || [ɛˈsta] || he/she/you are
 
|-
|-
| Eu || sou
 
| estamos || [ɛˈstɐ̃muʃ] || we are
 
|-
 
| estais || [ɛʃˈtaɪʃ] || you all are
 
|-
 
| estão || [ɛ̃ˈstɐ̃w] || they/you all are
 
|}
 
==== Ter (to have) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| tenho || [ˈteɪɲu] || I have
 
|-
 
| tens || [tɛ̃ʃ] || you have
 
|-
 
| tem || [tɛ̃] || he/she/you have
 
|-
 
| temos || [ˈtemuʃ] || we have
 
|-
 
| tendes || [ˈteɲdɨʃ] || you all have
 
|-
 
| têm || [tɛ̃w] || they/you all have
 
|}
 
==== Fazer (to do/make) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| faço || [ˈfaʊsu] || I do/make
 
|-
 
| fazes || [ˈfaʒɨʃ] || you do/make
 
|-
 
| faz || [fɑz] || he/she/you do/make
 
|-
 
| fazemos || [fɐˈzemuʃ] || we do/make
 
|-
 
| fazeis || [fɑˈzeɪʃ] || you all do/make
 
|-
 
| fazem || [ˈfɑzɨ̃w] || they/you all do/make
 
|}
 
==== Dizer (to say/tell) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| digo || [ˈdɪɡu] || I say/tell
 
|-
 
| dizes || [ˈdizɨʃ] || you say/tell
 
|-
 
| diz || [diz] || he/she/you say/tell
 
|-
 
| dizemos || [dizeˈmuʃ] || we say/tell
 
|-
 
| dizeis || [dizˈeɪʃ] || you all say/tell
 
|-
 
| dizem || [ˈdizɨ̃w] || they/you all say/tell
 
|}
 
==== Poder (to be able to/can) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| posso || [ˈpɔsu] || I can
 
|-
 
| podes || [ˈpɔdɨʃ] || you can
 
|-
 
| pode || [ˈpɔdʒe] || he/she/you can
 
|-
 
| podemos || [pɔˈdɛmʊʃ] || we can
 
|-
 
| podeis || [pɔˈdeɪʃ] || you all can
 
|-
 
| podem || [ˈpɔdɨ̃w] || they/you all can
 
|}
 
==== Trazer (to bring) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| trago || [ˈtɾaɡu] || I bring
 
|-
 
| trazes || [ˈtɾazɨʃ] || you bring
 
|-
 
| traz || [tɾaz] || he/she/you bring
 
|-
 
| trazemos || [tɾaˈzemuʃ] || we bring
 
|-
 
| trazeis || [tɾaˈzeɪʃ] || you all bring
 
|-
 
| trazem || [ˈtɾazɨ̃w] || they/you all bring
 
|}
 
==== Ver (to see) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| vejo || [ˈveɪʒu] || I see
 
|-
 
| vês || [veɪʃ] || you see
 
|-
 
| vê || [veɪ] || he/she/you see
 
|-
 
| vemos || [ˈvɛmuʃ] || we see
 
|-
 
| vedes || [ˈvedɨʃ] || you all see
 
|-
 
| veem || [ˈveɪ̃w] || they/you all see
 
|}
 
==== Saber (to know) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| sei || [seɪ] || I know
 
|-
|-
| Você || é
 
| sabes || [ˈsabɨʃ] || you know
 
|-
|-
| Ele/Ela || é
 
| sabe || [ˈsabʊ] || he/she/you know
 
|-
|-
| Nós || somos
 
| sabemos || [saˈbemʊʃ] || we know
 
|-
|-
| Vocês || são
 
| sabeis || [saˈbeɪʃ] || you all know
 
|-
|-
| Eles/Elas || são
 
| sabem || [ˈsabɨ̃w] || they/you all know
 
|}
|}


Some examples:
==== Querer (to want) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"


* Eu sou inteligente - I am intelligent.
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
* Você é muito bonita - You are very pretty.
* Ele é meu irmão - He is my brother.
* Nós somos amigos - We are friends.
* Eles são engenheiros - They are engineers.


=== Estar ===
|-


Estar is used to express temporary characteristics of a person, thing, or situation. For example:
| quero || [ˈkɛɾu] || I want


* Eu estou cansado - I am tired.
|-
* Ela está feliz - She is happy.
 
* Nós estamos em casa - We are at home.
| queres || [ˈkɛɾɨʃ] || you want
 
|-
 
| quer || [kɛʁ] || he/she/you want
 
|-
 
| queremos || [keˈɾemʊʃ] || we want
 
|-
 
| quereis || [kɛˈʁeɪʃ] || you all want
 
|-
 
| querem || [ˈkɛɾɨ̃w] || they/you all want
 
|}


To conjugate Estar, we change the stem to "est" and add the following endings:
==== Vir (to come) ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject Pronoun !! Verb Conjugation
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Eu || estou
 
| venho || [ˈveɲu] || I come
 
|-
|-
| Você || está
 
| vens || [vẽʃ] || you come
 
|-
|-
| Ele/Ela || está
 
| vem || [vẽj] || he/she/you come
 
|-
|-
| Nós || estamos
 
| vimos || [ˈvimuʃ] || we come
 
|-
|-
| Vocês || estão
 
| vindes || [ˈvĩdɨʃ] || you all come
 
|-
|-
| Eles/Elas || estão
 
| vêm || [vẽj̃] || they/you all come
 
|}
|}


Some examples:
==== Dar (to give) ====


* Eu estou de férias - I am on vacation.
{| class="wikitable"
* Ela está ocupada agora - She is busy now.
* Nós estamos com pressa - We are in a hurry.
* Eles estão animados para a festa - They are excited for the party.


=== Ter ===
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| dou || [doʊ] || I give
 
|-


Ter means "to have". It is used to express possession. For example:
| dás || [daz] || you give


* Eu tenho um cachorro - I have a dog.
|-
* Ela tem muita experiência - She has a lot of experience.
* Nós temos um compromisso - We have an appointment.


To conjugate Ter, we change the stem to "t" and add the following endings:
| dá || [da] || he/she/you give
 
|-
 
| damos || [ˈdɐmuʃ] || we give
 
|-
 
| dais || [daɪʃ] || you all give
 
|-
 
| dão || [dɐ̃w] || they/you all give
 
|}
 
==== Ler (to read) ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject Pronoun !! Verb Conjugation
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Eu || tenho
 
| leio || [ˈleɪu] || I read
 
|-
|-
| Você || tem
 
| lês || [leɪʃ] || you read
 
|-
|-
| Ele/Ela || tem
 
| lê || [leɪ] || he/she/you read
 
|-
|-
| Nós || temos
 
| lemos || [ˈlemuʃ] || we read
 
|-
|-
| Vocês || têm
 
| ledes || [ˈledɨʃ] || you all read
 
|-
|-
| Eles/Elas || têm
 
| leem || [ˈleɪ̃w] || they/you all read
 
|}
|}


Some examples:
==== Escrever (to write) ====
 
{| class="wikitable"


* Eu tenho fome - I am hungry.
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
* Ela tem sorte - She is lucky.
* Nós temos um carro novo - We have a new car.
* Eles têm muitas possibilidades - They have many possibilities.


=== Fazer ===
|-


Fazer means "to do" or "to make". It is used to express actions. For example:
| escrevo || [ɛsˈkɾɛvu] || I write


* Eu faço ginástica - I exercise.
|-
* Ele faz a janta - He makes dinner.
* Nós fazemos uma festa - We throw a party.


To conjugate Fazer, we change the stem to "faz" and add the following endings:
| escreves || [ɛsˈkɾɛvɨʃ] || you write
 
|-
 
| escreve || [ɛsˈkɾɛvɪ] || he/she/you write
 
|-
 
| escrevemos || [ɛsˈkɾeːmʊʃ] || we write
 
|-
 
| escreveis || [ɛsˈkɾeːɪʃ] || you all write
 
|-
 
| escrevem || [ɛsˈkɾɛvɨ̃w] || they/you all write
 
|}
 
==== Sentir (to feel) ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject Pronoun !! Verb Conjugation
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Eu || faço
 
| sinto || [ˈsĩtu] || I feel
 
|-
|-
| Você || faz
 
| sentes || [ˈsẽtɨʃ] || you feel
 
|-
|-
| Ele/Ela || faz
 
| sente || [ˈsẽtʃ] || he/she/you feel
 
|-
|-
| Nós || fazemos
 
| sentimos || [sẽˈtʃĩmuʃ] || we feel
 
|-
|-
| Vocês || fazem
 
| sentis || [sẽˈtʃiʃ] || you all feel
 
|-
|-
| Eles/Elas || fazem
 
| sentem || [sẽˈtẽw] || they/you all feel
 
|}
|}


Some examples:
==== Preferir (to prefer) ====


* Eu faço meu trabalho com prazer - I do my work with pleasure.
{| class="wikitable"
* Você faz muito barulho - You make a lot of noise.
* Nós fazemos comida para nossa família - We make food for our family.
* Eles fazem muito sucesso - They are very successful.


=== Ir ===
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English


Ir means "to go". It is used to express movement. For example:
|-


* Eu vou ao cinema - I go to the cinema.
| prefiro || [pɾeˈfiɾu] || I prefer
* Ele vai viajar - He is going to travel.
* Nós vamos à praia - We go to the beach.


To conjugate Ir, we change the stem to "v" and add the following endings:
|-
 
| preferes || [pɾeˈfeɾɨʃ] || you prefer
 
|-
 
| prefere || [pɾeˈfeɾɪ] || he/she/you prefer
 
|-
 
| preferimos || [pɾeˈfeɾimuʃ] || we prefer
 
|-
 
| preferis || [pɾeˈfeɾiʃ] || you all prefer
 
|-
 
| preferem || [pɾeˈfeɾẽw] || they/you all prefer
 
|}
 
==== Escolher (to choose) ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject Pronoun !! Verb Conjugation
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Eu || vou
 
| escolho || [ɛsˈkoʊʎu] || I choose
 
|-
|-
| Você || vai
 
| escolhes || [ɛsˈkoʊʒ] || you choose
 
|-
|-
| Ele/Ela || vai
 
| escolhe || [ɛsˈkoʊʎɪ] || he/she/you choose
 
|-
|-
| Nós || vamos
 
| escolhemos || [ɛsˈkoʊʎemuʃ] || we choose
 
|-
|-
| Vocês || vão
 
| escolheis || [ɛsˈkoʊʎeɪʃ] || you all choose
 
|-
|-
| Eles/Elas || vão
 
| escolhem || [ɛsˈkoʊʎɨ̃w] || they/you all choose
 
|}
|}


Some examples:
==== Caber (to fit) ====


* Eu vou trabalhar de bicicleta - I will bike to work.
{| class="wikitable"
* Você vai comigo para o teatro - Will you come with me to the theater?
* Nós vamos estudar juntos - We will study together.
* Eles vão à academia toda manhã - They go to the gym every morning.


=== Vir ===
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English


Vir means "to come". It is used to express movement as well. For example:
|-


* Eu venho de Porto Alegre - I come from Porto Alegre.
| caibo || [ˈkaibu] || I fit
* Ela vem me visitar - She is coming to visit me.
* Nós vimos de carro - We came by car.


To conjugate Vir, we change the stem to "vem" and add the following endings:
|-
 
| cabes || [ˈkabɨʃ] || you fit
 
|-
 
| cabe || [ˈkabʊ] || he/she/you fit
 
|-
 
| cabemos || [kaˈbɛmuʃ] || we fit
 
|-
 
| cabeis || [kaˈbɛɪʃ] || you all fit
 
|-
 
| cabem || [ˈkabɨ̃w] || they/you all fit
 
|}
 
==== Valer (to be worth) ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Subject Pronoun !! Verb Conjugation
 
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Eu || venho
 
| valho || [ˈvaʊʎu] || I am worth
 
|-
|-
| Você || vem
 
| vales || [ˈvalɨʃ] || you are worth
 
|-
|-
| Ele/Ela || vem
 
| vale || [ˈvalʊ] || he/she/you are worth
 
|-
|-
| Nós || vimos
 
| valemos || [vaˈlemuʃ] || we are worth
 
|-
|-
| Vocês || vêm
 
| valeis || [vaˈleɪʃ] || you all are worth
 
|-
|-
| Eles/Elas || vêm
 
| valem || [ˈvalɨ̃w] || they/you all are worth
 
|}
|}


Some examples:
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that you have learned the conjugation of these irregular verbs, it’s time to put your knowledge into practice! Below are '''10 exercises''' designed to help reinforce what you’ve learned.
 
1. '''Conjugate the verb "ir" in the present tense for the pronoun "ele".'''
 
* Answer: vai
 
2. '''Translate the sentence: "I want to see." into Portuguese.'''
 
* Answer: "Eu quero ver."
 
3. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb "ter": "Nós _____ um carro novo."'''
 
* Answer: temos
 
4. '''Conjugate the verb "fazer" for the pronoun "tu".'''
 
* Answer: fazes
 
5. '''What is the English translation of "Eles vêm amanhã"?'''
 
* Answer: "They come tomorrow."
 
6. '''Write a sentence using the verb "saber" in the present tense.'''
 
* Answer: "Eu sei a resposta." (I know the answer.)


* Eu venho estudando muito - I have been studying a lot.
7. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct form of "ver": "Eu _____ um filme hoje."'''
* Você vem para a festa? - Are you coming to the party?
* Nós vimos para ajudar - We came to help.
* Eles vêm de ônibus - They are coming by bus.


== Conclusion ==
* Answer: vejo


Irregular verbs are important to learn as they cannot be easily identified by its infinitive form. In this lesson, we learned some of the most common irregular verbs in Portuguese and their conjugation in the present tense. Remember to practice using them in context to master their use.
8. '''Translate the sentence: "We are happy." into Portuguese.'''


Obrigado/a and see you in the next lesson!
* Answer: "Nós estamos felizes."


== Sources ==
9. '''Conjugate the verb "dar" for the pronoun "você".'''
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_grammar Portuguese Grammar]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_verbs Portuguese Verbs]
* Answer: dá
 
10. '''What is the present tense form of "preferir" for "eles"?'''
 
* Answer: preferem
 
=== Detailed Solutions and Explanations ===
 
1. '''Conjugation of "ir" for "ele":'''
 
* "Ele vai" means "He goes."
 
2. '''Translation of "I want to see":'''
 
* "Eu quero ver" captures the desire to see something in Portuguese.
 
3. '''Fill in the blanks for "ter":'''
 
* "Nós temos um carro novo" means "We have a new car."
 
4. '''Conjugation of "fazer" for "tu":'''
 
* "Tu fazes" indicates the action of doing/making from an informal perspective.
 
5. '''Translation of "Eles vêm amanhã":'''
 
* This means "They come tomorrow," indicating a future event.
 
6. '''Using "saber" in a sentence:'''
 
* The sentence "Eu sei a resposta" means "I know the answer," showing knowledge.
 
7. '''Fill in the blanks for "ver":'''
 
* "Eu vejo um filme hoje" translates to "I see a movie today."
 
8. '''Translation of "We are happy":'''
 
* "Nós estamos felizes" expresses a current state of happiness.
 
9. '''Conjugation of "dar" for "você":'''
 
* "Você dá" means "You give," showing the act of giving.
 
10. '''Present tense form of "preferir" for "eles":'''
 
* "Eles preferem" means "They prefer."
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on irregular verbs! Keep practicing and using these verbs in your conversations to become more comfortable with them. Remember, practice makes perfect!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Portuguese Grammar Unit 2: Verbs - Present Tense - Irregular Verbs
 
|keywords=Portuguese verbs, irregular verbs, present tense
|title=Learn Common Irregular Verbs in Portuguese
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the irregular verbs in Portuguese and how to conjugate them in the present tense.
 
|keywords=Portuguese irregular verbs, learn Portuguese, conjugate verbs, present tense, language learning
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate common irregular verbs in Portuguese and practice with engaging exercises.
 
}}
}}


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<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Videos==
===Irregular verbs in Brazilian Portuguese: verb FAZER - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjmp-mEQoDg</youtube>
===Irregular Verbs in Portuguese - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wdh_UxRXLc</youtube>
===Learn European Portuguese (Portugal) - Irregular verbs (I) - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hf8rZ3bx2Aw</youtube>
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Regular-Verbs|Regular Verbs]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Conditional-Tense|Conditional Tense]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Time|Time]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Articles|Articles]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/How-to-Use-be|How to Use be]]


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Latest revision as of 16:27, 31 July 2024

◀️ Regular Verbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Air Travel ▶️

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Portuguese → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Irregular Verbs

Welcome to our lesson on Irregular Verbs in Portuguese! Understanding irregular verbs is essential for anyone starting their journey into the Portuguese language. While regular verbs follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs can be a bit unpredictable, which makes them both a challenge and an exciting part of learning Portuguese. Mastering these verbs will enhance your ability to communicate effectively and naturally in everyday situations.

In this lesson, we will explore:

  • The importance of irregular verbs in Portuguese
  • A detailed breakdown of common irregular verbs in the present tense
  • Examples of these verbs in context
  • Exercises to practice what you've learned

By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of some of the most commonly used irregular verbs and how to conjugate them in the present tense.

The Importance of Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs are an integral part of the Portuguese language. They are used frequently in daily conversations, and knowing how to conjugate them correctly can significantly improve your fluency. Unlike regular verbs that follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs often change forms in unexpected ways. This can be tricky for beginners, but with practice, you'll find that these verbs become easier to recognize and use.

Let’s dive into the world of irregular verbs!

Common Irregular Verbs in Present Tense[edit | edit source]

In this section, we will cover 20 common irregular verbs in the present tense. Each verb will be presented in a table format, showcasing its conjugation for the pronouns: eu (I), tu (you, informal), ele/ela/você (he/she/you, formal), nós (we), vós (you all, rare), eles/elas/vocês (they/you all).

Here’s the list of verbs we will explore:

1. Ir (to go)

2. Ser (to be)

3. Estar (to be)

4. Ter (to have)

5. Fazer (to do/make)

6. Dizer (to say/tell)

7. Poder (to be able to/can)

8. Trazer (to bring)

9. Ver (to see)

10. Saber (to know)

11. Querer (to want)

12. Vir (to come)

13. Dar (to give)

14. Ler (to read)

15. Escrever (to write)

16. Sentir (to feel)

17. Preferir (to prefer)

18. Escolher (to choose)

19. Caber (to fit)

20. Valer (to be worth)

Here are the conjugations for each verb:

Ir (to go)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
vou [voʊ] I go
vais [vaiʃ] you go
vai [vai] he/she/you go
vamos [ˈvɐ̃muʃ] we go
ides [ˈidɨʃ] you all go
vão [vɐ̃w] they/you all go

Ser (to be)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
sou [soʊ] I am
és [ɛʃ] you are
é [ɛ] he/she/you are
somos [ˈsomuʃ] we are
sois [soɪʃ] you all are
são [sɐ̃w] they/you all are

Estar (to be)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
estou [ɛˈstoʊ] I am
estás [ɛˈtaʃ] you are
está [ɛˈsta] he/she/you are
estamos [ɛˈstɐ̃muʃ] we are
estais [ɛʃˈtaɪʃ] you all are
estão [ɛ̃ˈstɐ̃w] they/you all are

Ter (to have)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
tenho [ˈteɪɲu] I have
tens [tɛ̃ʃ] you have
tem [tɛ̃] he/she/you have
temos [ˈtemuʃ] we have
tendes [ˈteɲdɨʃ] you all have
têm [tɛ̃w] they/you all have

Fazer (to do/make)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
faço [ˈfaʊsu] I do/make
fazes [ˈfaʒɨʃ] you do/make
faz [fɑz] he/she/you do/make
fazemos [fɐˈzemuʃ] we do/make
fazeis [fɑˈzeɪʃ] you all do/make
fazem [ˈfɑzɨ̃w] they/you all do/make

Dizer (to say/tell)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
digo [ˈdɪɡu] I say/tell
dizes [ˈdizɨʃ] you say/tell
diz [diz] he/she/you say/tell
dizemos [dizeˈmuʃ] we say/tell
dizeis [dizˈeɪʃ] you all say/tell
dizem [ˈdizɨ̃w] they/you all say/tell

Poder (to be able to/can)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
posso [ˈpɔsu] I can
podes [ˈpɔdɨʃ] you can
pode [ˈpɔdʒe] he/she/you can
podemos [pɔˈdɛmʊʃ] we can
podeis [pɔˈdeɪʃ] you all can
podem [ˈpɔdɨ̃w] they/you all can

Trazer (to bring)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
trago [ˈtɾaɡu] I bring
trazes [ˈtɾazɨʃ] you bring
traz [tɾaz] he/she/you bring
trazemos [tɾaˈzemuʃ] we bring
trazeis [tɾaˈzeɪʃ] you all bring
trazem [ˈtɾazɨ̃w] they/you all bring

Ver (to see)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
vejo [ˈveɪʒu] I see
vês [veɪʃ] you see
vê [veɪ] he/she/you see
vemos [ˈvɛmuʃ] we see
vedes [ˈvedɨʃ] you all see
veem [ˈveɪ̃w] they/you all see

Saber (to know)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
sei [seɪ] I know
sabes [ˈsabɨʃ] you know
sabe [ˈsabʊ] he/she/you know
sabemos [saˈbemʊʃ] we know
sabeis [saˈbeɪʃ] you all know
sabem [ˈsabɨ̃w] they/you all know

Querer (to want)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
quero [ˈkɛɾu] I want
queres [ˈkɛɾɨʃ] you want
quer [kɛʁ] he/she/you want
queremos [keˈɾemʊʃ] we want
quereis [kɛˈʁeɪʃ] you all want
querem [ˈkɛɾɨ̃w] they/you all want

Vir (to come)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
venho [ˈveɲu] I come
vens [vẽʃ] you come
vem [vẽj] he/she/you come
vimos [ˈvimuʃ] we come
vindes [ˈvĩdɨʃ] you all come
vêm [vẽj̃] they/you all come

Dar (to give)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
dou [doʊ] I give
dás [daz] you give
dá [da] he/she/you give
damos [ˈdɐmuʃ] we give
dais [daɪʃ] you all give
dão [dɐ̃w] they/you all give

Ler (to read)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
leio [ˈleɪu] I read
lês [leɪʃ] you read
lê [leɪ] he/she/you read
lemos [ˈlemuʃ] we read
ledes [ˈledɨʃ] you all read
leem [ˈleɪ̃w] they/you all read

Escrever (to write)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
escrevo [ɛsˈkɾɛvu] I write
escreves [ɛsˈkɾɛvɨʃ] you write
escreve [ɛsˈkɾɛvɪ] he/she/you write
escrevemos [ɛsˈkɾeːmʊʃ] we write
escreveis [ɛsˈkɾeːɪʃ] you all write
escrevem [ɛsˈkɾɛvɨ̃w] they/you all write

Sentir (to feel)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
sinto [ˈsĩtu] I feel
sentes [ˈsẽtɨʃ] you feel
sente [ˈsẽtʃ] he/she/you feel
sentimos [sẽˈtʃĩmuʃ] we feel
sentis [sẽˈtʃiʃ] you all feel
sentem [sẽˈtẽw] they/you all feel

Preferir (to prefer)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
prefiro [pɾeˈfiɾu] I prefer
preferes [pɾeˈfeɾɨʃ] you prefer
prefere [pɾeˈfeɾɪ] he/she/you prefer
preferimos [pɾeˈfeɾimuʃ] we prefer
preferis [pɾeˈfeɾiʃ] you all prefer
preferem [pɾeˈfeɾẽw] they/you all prefer

Escolher (to choose)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
escolho [ɛsˈkoʊʎu] I choose
escolhes [ɛsˈkoʊʒ] you choose
escolhe [ɛsˈkoʊʎɪ] he/she/you choose
escolhemos [ɛsˈkoʊʎemuʃ] we choose
escolheis [ɛsˈkoʊʎeɪʃ] you all choose
escolhem [ɛsˈkoʊʎɨ̃w] they/you all choose

Caber (to fit)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
caibo [ˈkaibu] I fit
cabes [ˈkabɨʃ] you fit
cabe [ˈkabʊ] he/she/you fit
cabemos [kaˈbɛmuʃ] we fit
cabeis [kaˈbɛɪʃ] you all fit
cabem [ˈkabɨ̃w] they/you all fit

Valer (to be worth)[edit | edit source]

Portuguese Pronunciation English
valho [ˈvaʊʎu] I am worth
vales [ˈvalɨʃ] you are worth
vale [ˈvalʊ] he/she/you are worth
valemos [vaˈlemuʃ] we are worth
valeis [vaˈleɪʃ] you all are worth
valem [ˈvalɨ̃w] they/you all are worth

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have learned the conjugation of these irregular verbs, it’s time to put your knowledge into practice! Below are 10 exercises designed to help reinforce what you’ve learned.

1. Conjugate the verb "ir" in the present tense for the pronoun "ele".

  • Answer: vai

2. Translate the sentence: "I want to see." into Portuguese.

  • Answer: "Eu quero ver."

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb "ter": "Nós _____ um carro novo."

  • Answer: temos

4. Conjugate the verb "fazer" for the pronoun "tu".

  • Answer: fazes

5. What is the English translation of "Eles vêm amanhã"?

  • Answer: "They come tomorrow."

6. Write a sentence using the verb "saber" in the present tense.

  • Answer: "Eu sei a resposta." (I know the answer.)

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of "ver": "Eu _____ um filme hoje."

  • Answer: vejo

8. Translate the sentence: "We are happy." into Portuguese.

  • Answer: "Nós estamos felizes."

9. Conjugate the verb "dar" for the pronoun "você".

  • Answer: dá

10. What is the present tense form of "preferir" for "eles"?

  • Answer: preferem

Detailed Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

1. Conjugation of "ir" for "ele":

  • "Ele vai" means "He goes."

2. Translation of "I want to see":

  • "Eu quero ver" captures the desire to see something in Portuguese.

3. Fill in the blanks for "ter":

  • "Nós temos um carro novo" means "We have a new car."

4. Conjugation of "fazer" for "tu":

  • "Tu fazes" indicates the action of doing/making from an informal perspective.

5. Translation of "Eles vêm amanhã":

  • This means "They come tomorrow," indicating a future event.

6. Using "saber" in a sentence:

  • The sentence "Eu sei a resposta" means "I know the answer," showing knowledge.

7. Fill in the blanks for "ver":

  • "Eu vejo um filme hoje" translates to "I see a movie today."

8. Translation of "We are happy":

  • "Nós estamos felizes" expresses a current state of happiness.

9. Conjugation of "dar" for "você":

  • "Você dá" means "You give," showing the act of giving.

10. Present tense form of "preferir" for "eles":

  • "Eles preferem" means "They prefer."

Congratulations on completing this lesson on irregular verbs! Keep practicing and using these verbs in your conversations to become more comfortable with them. Remember, practice makes perfect!

Table of Contents - Portuguese Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Unit 1: Greetings and Basic Phrases


Unit 2: Verbs - Present Tense


Unit 3: Family and Descriptions


Unit 4: Verbs - Future and Conditional Tenses


Unit 5: Portuguese-Speaking Countries and Cultures


Unit 6: Food and Drink


Unit 7: Verbs - Past Tense


Unit 8: Travel and Transportation


Unit 9: Indefinite Pronouns and Prepositions


Unit 10: Health and Emergencies

Videos[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs in Brazilian Portuguese: verb FAZER - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Irregular Verbs in Portuguese - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Learn European Portuguese (Portugal) - Irregular verbs (I) - YouTube[edit | edit source]




Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Regular Verbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Air Travel ▶️

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