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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Italian|Italian]]  → [[Language/Italian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Italian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Compound Tenses → Trapassato Prossimo</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Italian|Italian]]  → [[Language/Italian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Italian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Trapassato Prossimo</div>
 
Welcome to our lesson on '''Trapassato Prossimo''', one of the essential compound tenses in Italian that allows us to talk about events that occurred before another past event. Understanding this tense is crucial for expressing yourself clearly and accurately in Italian. In this lesson, we will explore how to form and use the Trapassato Prossimo, providing you with clear examples and engaging cultural insights along the way.


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Introduction to Trapassato Prossimo ===
 
The Trapassato Prossimo is a compound tense that translates to "past perfect" in English. It's used to indicate that one action was completed before another action in the past. For instance, if you want to say, "I had eaten before she arrived," you would be using Trapassato Prossimo to describe the act of eating that occurred before the arrival of the other person. Mastering this tense not only enriches your Italian conversation skills but also deepens your understanding of the sequence of events in storytelling.
 
The structure of this lesson will include the following sections:
 
* Formation of Trapassato Prossimo
 
* Examples illustrating its use
 
* Cultural insights and regional variations
 
* Summary of key points
 
* Exercises for practice
 
=== Formation of Trapassato Prossimo ===
 
The Trapassato Prossimo is formed using the imperfect tense of the auxiliary verbs '''essere''' (to be) or '''avere''' (to have) plus the past participle of the main verb. The choice between "essere" and "avere" depends on the verb being used. Let's break this down:
 
==== Step 1: Choose the Auxiliary Verb ====
 
* '''Avere''' is used with most verbs.
 
* '''Essere''' is used with reflexive verbs and certain intransitive verbs (e.g., verbs indicating movement or change of state).
 
==== Step 2: Conjugate the Auxiliary Verb in the Imperfect Tense ====
 
Here’s how you conjugate the auxiliary verbs "essere" and "avere" in the imperfect tense:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Subject !! Avere !! Essere
 
|-
 
| io (I) || avevo || ero
 
|-
 
| tu (you) || avevi || eri
 
|-
 
| lui/lei (he/she) || aveva || era
 
|-
 
| noi (we) || avevamo || eravamo
 
|-
 
| voi (you all) || avevate || eravate
 
|-
 
| loro (they) || avevano || erano
 
|}
 
==== Step 3: Use the Past Participle ====
 
The past participle must agree in gender and number with the subject when using "essere." Here are the rules for forming the past participle:
 
* For regular verbs:
 
* '''-are''' verbs: drop -are and add -ato (e.g., parlare → parlato)
 
* '''-ere''' verbs: drop -ere and add -uto (e.g., vendere → venduto)
 
* '''-ire''' verbs: drop -ire and add -ito (e.g., dormire → dormito)
 
* For irregular verbs, you must memorize the past participle forms.
 
Now, let’s see how this all comes together in the Trapassato Prossimo.
 
=== Examples Illustrating Its Use ===
 
Here are 20 examples to illustrate the formation and usage of the Trapassato Prossimo:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Italian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Avevo mangiato prima di uscire. || ah-veh-voh mahn-JAH-toh PREE-mah dee ooh-SHEE-reh. || I had eaten before going out.
 
|-
 
| Erano arrivati prima di noi. || EH-rah-noh ah-ree-VAH-tee PREE-mah dee NOY. || They had arrived before us.


Welcome to the lesson on Trapassato Prossimo, a compound tense in the Italian language. In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the Trapassato Prossimo tense. This tense is used to talk about past events that happened before another past event. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use the Trapassato Prossimo tense in your conversations and writing. Are you ready? Let's get started!
|-


== Formation of Trapassato Prossimo ==
| Avevamo visto quel film. || ah-veh-VAH-mo vee-STO kwel feelm. || We had seen that movie.


To form the Trapassato Prossimo tense, we need to use two elements: the imperfect tense of the auxiliary verb "essere" or "avere" and the past participle of the main verb. Let's take a look at the formation of Trapassato Prossimo with both auxiliary verbs.
|-


=== Auxiliary Verb "Essere" ===
| Tu avevi comprato il pane. || too ah-VEH-vee kom-PRAH-toh eel PAH-neh. || You had bought the bread.


When using the auxiliary verb "essere," we need to conjugate it in the imperfect tense according to the subject of the sentence. Here is the conjugation of "essere" in the imperfect tense:
|-


* io ero (I was)
| Lei era andata a casa. || lay EH-rah ahn-DAH-tah ah KAH-zah. || She had gone home.
* tu eri (you were)
* lui/lei era (he/she was)
* noi eravamo (we were)
* voi eravate (you all were)
* loro erano (they were)


To form the Trapassato Prossimo with "essere," we simply add the past participle of the main verb to the conjugated form of "essere."
|-


Let's see some examples:
| Lui aveva scritto una lettera. || loo-ee ah-VEH-vah SKEE-toh oo-nah LET-teh-rah. || He had written a letter.


* Io ero andato/a al cinema. (I had gone to the cinema.)
|-
* Tu eri stato/a in vacanza. (You had been on vacation.)
* Lui era arrivato tardi. (He had arrived late.)
* Noi eravamo partiti per Roma. (We had left for Rome.)
* Voi eravate rimasti a casa. (You all had stayed at home.)
* Loro erano usciti con gli amici. (They had gone out with friends.)


=== Auxiliary Verb "Avere" ===
| Avevano già finito il lavoro. || ah-VEH-noh jah fee-NEE-toh eel lah-VOH-roh. || They had already finished the work.


When using the auxiliary verb "avere," we need to conjugate it in the imperfect tense according to the subject of the sentence. Here is the conjugation of "avere" in the imperfect tense:
|-


* io avevo (I had)
| Io ero stato in Italia. || ee-oh EH-roh STAH-toh een ee-TAH-lee-ah. || I had been in Italy.
* tu avevi (you had)
* lui/lei aveva (he/she had)
* noi avevamo (we had)
* voi avevate (you all had)
* loro avevano (they had)


To form the Trapassato Prossimo with "avere," we simply add the past participle of the main verb to the conjugated form of "avere."
|-


Let's see some examples:
| Noi avevamo parlato del progetto. || noi ah-veh-VAH-mo par-LAH-toh del pro-JET-toh. || We had talked about the project.


* Io avevo mangiato la pizza. (I had eaten the pizza.)
|-
* Tu avevi studiato per l'esame. (You had studied for the exam.)
* Lui aveva comprato un regalo. (He had bought a gift.)
* Noi avevamo visto il film. (We had seen the movie.)
* Voi avevate parlato con il professore. (You all had spoken with the professor.)
* Loro avevano finito il lavoro. (They had finished the work.)


== Usage of Trapassato Prossimo ==
| Tu eri arrivato in tempo. || too EH-ree ah-ree-VAH-toh een TEM-poh. || You had arrived on time.


The Trapassato Prossimo tense is used to talk about past events that happened before another past event. It is often used in combination with the Passato Prossimo tense to express a sequence of past actions. Let's look at some situations where we can use the Trapassato Prossimo tense.
|-


=== Expressing Past Actions ===
| Lei aveva mangiato la pizza. || lay ah-VEH-vah mahn-JAH-toh lah PEET-sah. || She had eaten the pizza.


When narrating a story or describing a series of past events, we can use the Trapassato Prossimo tense to talk about actions that happened before another past action. For example:
|-


* Sono arrivato a casa e ho visto che mia madre aveva preparato la cena. (I arrived home and saw that my mother had prepared dinner.)
| Loro erano partiti prima di noi. || LOH-roh EH-rah-noh par-TEE-tee PREE-mah dee NOY. || They had left before us.


In this example, the action of arriving home (Passato Prossimo) happened first, and then the action of preparing dinner (Trapassato Prossimo) happened before that.
|-


=== Talking about Regrets ===
| Io avevo già visto quel ristorante. || ee-oh ah-VEH-voh jah VEE-stoh kwel REE-stoh-RAHN-teh. || I had already seen that restaurant.


We can also use the Trapassato Prossimo tense to express regrets or wishes about past events that cannot be changed. For example:
|-


* Avrei voluto studiare di più quando ero giovane. (I wish I had studied more when I was young.)
| Voi eravate stati in vacanza. || voi eh-rah-VAH-teh STAH-tee een vah-KAN-tsah. || You all had been on vacation.


In this example, the speaker expresses a regret about not studying more in the past (Trapassato Prossimo).
|-


=== Hypothetical Situations in the Past ===
| Avevano comprato un regalo per lui. || ah-VEH-noh kom-PRAH-toh oon reh-GAH-loh per loo-ee. || They had bought a gift for him.


The Trapassato Prossimo tense can be used to express hypothetical situations in the past. For example:
|-


* Se avessi saputo che era malato, sarei andato a trovarlo. (If I had known he was sick, I would have visited him.)
| Tu eri uscito prima del film. || too EH-ree oo-SHEE-toh PREE-mah del feelm. || You had left before the movie.


In this example, the speaker imagines a hypothetical situation in the past (Trapassato Prossimo) and its consequence (Condizionale Passato).
|-


== Irregular Verbs in Trapassato Prossimo ==
| Noi avevamo deciso di partire. || noi ah-veh-VAH-mo deh-CHEE-soh dee par-TEE-reh. || We had decided to leave.


While most verbs follow regular patterns when conjugated in the Trapassato Prossimo tense, there are some verbs that are irregular. Let's look at a few common examples:
|-


* Andare (to go) - io ero andato/a (I had gone)
| Lei era tornata a casa. || lay EH-rah tor-NAH-tah ah KAH-zah. || She had returned home.
* Bere (to drink) - io avevo bevuto (I had drunk)
* Dire (to say) - io avevo detto (I had said)
* Fare (to do/make) - io avevo fatto (I had done/made)
* Venire (to come) - io ero venuto/a (I had come)


It is important to memorize the irregular forms of these verbs to use them correctly in the Trapassato Prossimo tense.
|-


== Conclusion ==
| Lui aveva dimenticato il libro. || loo-ee ah-VEH-vah dee-men-tee-KAH-toh eel LEE-broh. || He had forgotten the book.


Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on Trapassato Prossimo, a compound tense in the Italian language. In this lesson, you have learned how to form and use the Trapassato Prossimo tense to talk about past events that happened before another past event. Remember to practice using this tense in your conversations and writing to become more comfortable with it. Keep up the great work, and soon you'll be able to communicate fluently in Italian!
|-
 
| Io ero arrivato tardi. || ee-oh EH-roh ah-ree-VAH-toh TAR-dee. || I had arrived late.
 
|}
 
=== Cultural Insights and Regional Variations ===
 
The use of Trapassato Prossimo can vary across different regions of Italy. For example, in the south, particularly in Sicily, you might hear a more informal style of speaking where the Trapassato Prossimo is less frequently used in favor of simpler past forms. This reflects a broader trend in spoken Italian where speakers often prefer brevity and simplicity.
 
Moreover, in literature, the Trapassato Prossimo tends to be used more frequently to create a sense of reflection and nostalgia, capturing memories and past experiences vividly. This is particularly evident in the works of famous Italian authors like '''Italo Calvino''' and '''Alessandro Manzoni''', who masterfully employ this tense to weave intricate narratives.
 
One interesting cultural fact is that the Italian language is influenced by its rich history, including the various dialects that exist within the country. These dialects can have their own unique grammatical structures and usages, which sometimes affect the way past tenses are used. For instance, in some regions, the Trapassato Prossimo might be replaced by a different tense altogether, showcasing the diversity of the Italian language.
 
=== Summary ===
 
In summary, the Trapassato Prossimo is an essential compound tense that helps convey the sequence of past events. Key points to remember include:
 
* Formed using the imperfect tense of either '''essere''' or '''avere''' plus the past participle.
 
* The auxiliary verb depends on the main verb being used.
 
* Important for expressing actions that occurred before other past actions.
 
* Regional variations may influence its use and understanding.
 
=== Exercises for Practice ===
 
Now it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are ten exercises designed to help you practice the Trapassato Prossimo.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences using the correct form of Trapassato Prossimo.
 
1. Prima di andare al cinema, noi ______ (mangiare) la cena.
 
2. Quando sono arrivato, loro ______ (partire).
 
3. Tu ______ (finire) il lavoro prima di andartene.
 
4. Lei ______ (scrivere) il libro prima di pubblicarlo.
 
5. Io ______ (essere) in Italia prima di andare in Francia.
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Italian using Trapassato Prossimo.
 
1. They had already left when I arrived.
 
2. We had never seen that movie before.
 
3. She had eaten breakfast before going to school.
 
4. He had written a letter before the deadline.
 
5. I had visited Rome before my trip to Venice.
 
==== Exercise 3: Identify the Auxiliary Verb ====
 
Identify whether the following sentences use '''essere''' or '''avere''' as the auxiliary verb.
 
1. Io ______ (essere) andato al mercato.
 
2. Noi ______ (avere) visto il film.
 
3. Tu ______ (essere) arrivato in ritardo.
 
4. Loro ______ (avere) comprato un regalo.
 
5. Lei ______ (essere) tornata a casa.
 
==== Exercise 4: Write Your Own Sentences ====
 
Create five sentences in Italian using Trapassato Prossimo about your past experiences.
 
==== Exercise 5: Correct the Mistakes ====
 
Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
 
1. Noi eravamo mangiato la pizza prima di uscire.
 
2. Tu avevi stato al mare l'estate scorsa.
 
3. Io aveva scritto un'email ieri.
 
4. Loro erano partiti prima che io arrivai.
 
5. Lei avevano visto il concerto.
 
=== Solutions and Explanations ===
 
Now let’s look at the solutions for each exercise:
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks Solutions ====
 
1. avevamo mangiato
 
2. erano partiti
 
3. avevi finito
 
4. aveva scritto
 
5. ero stato
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences Solutions ====
 
1. Erano già partiti quando sono arrivato.
 
2. Non avevamo mai visto quel film prima.
 
3. Lei aveva mangiato la colazione prima di andare a scuola.
 
4. Lui aveva scritto una lettera prima della scadenza.
 
5. Ero stato a Roma prima del mio viaggio a Venezia.
 
==== Exercise 3: Identify the Auxiliary Verb Solutions ====
 
1. essere
 
2. avere
 
3. essere
 
4. avere
 
5. essere
 
==== Exercise 4: Write Your Own Sentences Solutions ====
 
(Answers will vary based on students' sentences.)
 
==== Exercise 5: Correct the Mistakes Solutions ====
 
1. Noi avevamo mangiato la pizza prima di uscire.
 
2. Tu eri stato al mare l'estate scorsa.
 
3. Io avevo scritto un'email ieri.
 
4. Loro erano partiti prima che io arrivassi.
 
5. Lei aveva visto il concerto.
 
To wrap up this lesson on the '''Trapassato Prossimo''', remember that practice makes perfect! Keep using this tense in your conversations and writing to become more fluent in Italian. Enjoy your learning journey, and don’t hesitate to reach out with any questions!


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|keywords=Italian grammar, compound tenses, Trapassato Prossimo, Italian verb tenses, Italian past tense
|title=Italian Grammar Trapassato Prossimo
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the Trapassato Prossimo compound tense in Italian. The Trapassato Prossimo tense is used to talk about past events that happened before another past event.
 
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 14:15, 29 July 2024

◀️ Religion and Believes — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Trapassato Remoto ▶️

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Italian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Trapassato Prossimo

Welcome to our lesson on Trapassato Prossimo, one of the essential compound tenses in Italian that allows us to talk about events that occurred before another past event. Understanding this tense is crucial for expressing yourself clearly and accurately in Italian. In this lesson, we will explore how to form and use the Trapassato Prossimo, providing you with clear examples and engaging cultural insights along the way.

Introduction to Trapassato Prossimo[edit | edit source]

The Trapassato Prossimo is a compound tense that translates to "past perfect" in English. It's used to indicate that one action was completed before another action in the past. For instance, if you want to say, "I had eaten before she arrived," you would be using Trapassato Prossimo to describe the act of eating that occurred before the arrival of the other person. Mastering this tense not only enriches your Italian conversation skills but also deepens your understanding of the sequence of events in storytelling.

The structure of this lesson will include the following sections:

  • Formation of Trapassato Prossimo
  • Examples illustrating its use
  • Cultural insights and regional variations
  • Summary of key points
  • Exercises for practice

Formation of Trapassato Prossimo[edit | edit source]

The Trapassato Prossimo is formed using the imperfect tense of the auxiliary verbs essere (to be) or avere (to have) plus the past participle of the main verb. The choice between "essere" and "avere" depends on the verb being used. Let's break this down:

Step 1: Choose the Auxiliary Verb[edit | edit source]

  • Avere is used with most verbs.
  • Essere is used with reflexive verbs and certain intransitive verbs (e.g., verbs indicating movement or change of state).

Step 2: Conjugate the Auxiliary Verb in the Imperfect Tense[edit | edit source]

Here’s how you conjugate the auxiliary verbs "essere" and "avere" in the imperfect tense:

Subject Avere Essere
io (I) avevo ero
tu (you) avevi eri
lui/lei (he/she) aveva era
noi (we) avevamo eravamo
voi (you all) avevate eravate
loro (they) avevano erano

Step 3: Use the Past Participle[edit | edit source]

The past participle must agree in gender and number with the subject when using "essere." Here are the rules for forming the past participle:

  • For regular verbs:
  • -are verbs: drop -are and add -ato (e.g., parlare → parlato)
  • -ere verbs: drop -ere and add -uto (e.g., vendere → venduto)
  • -ire verbs: drop -ire and add -ito (e.g., dormire → dormito)
  • For irregular verbs, you must memorize the past participle forms.

Now, let’s see how this all comes together in the Trapassato Prossimo.

Examples Illustrating Its Use[edit | edit source]

Here are 20 examples to illustrate the formation and usage of the Trapassato Prossimo:

Italian Pronunciation English
Avevo mangiato prima di uscire. ah-veh-voh mahn-JAH-toh PREE-mah dee ooh-SHEE-reh. I had eaten before going out.
Erano arrivati prima di noi. EH-rah-noh ah-ree-VAH-tee PREE-mah dee NOY. They had arrived before us.
Avevamo visto quel film. ah-veh-VAH-mo vee-STO kwel feelm. We had seen that movie.
Tu avevi comprato il pane. too ah-VEH-vee kom-PRAH-toh eel PAH-neh. You had bought the bread.
Lei era andata a casa. lay EH-rah ahn-DAH-tah ah KAH-zah. She had gone home.
Lui aveva scritto una lettera. loo-ee ah-VEH-vah SKEE-toh oo-nah LET-teh-rah. He had written a letter.
Avevano già finito il lavoro. ah-VEH-noh jah fee-NEE-toh eel lah-VOH-roh. They had already finished the work.
Io ero stato in Italia. ee-oh EH-roh STAH-toh een ee-TAH-lee-ah. I had been in Italy.
Noi avevamo parlato del progetto. noi ah-veh-VAH-mo par-LAH-toh del pro-JET-toh. We had talked about the project.
Tu eri arrivato in tempo. too EH-ree ah-ree-VAH-toh een TEM-poh. You had arrived on time.
Lei aveva mangiato la pizza. lay ah-VEH-vah mahn-JAH-toh lah PEET-sah. She had eaten the pizza.
Loro erano partiti prima di noi. LOH-roh EH-rah-noh par-TEE-tee PREE-mah dee NOY. They had left before us.
Io avevo già visto quel ristorante. ee-oh ah-VEH-voh jah VEE-stoh kwel REE-stoh-RAHN-teh. I had already seen that restaurant.
Voi eravate stati in vacanza. voi eh-rah-VAH-teh STAH-tee een vah-KAN-tsah. You all had been on vacation.
Avevano comprato un regalo per lui. ah-VEH-noh kom-PRAH-toh oon reh-GAH-loh per loo-ee. They had bought a gift for him.
Tu eri uscito prima del film. too EH-ree oo-SHEE-toh PREE-mah del feelm. You had left before the movie.
Noi avevamo deciso di partire. noi ah-veh-VAH-mo deh-CHEE-soh dee par-TEE-reh. We had decided to leave.
Lei era tornata a casa. lay EH-rah tor-NAH-tah ah KAH-zah. She had returned home.
Lui aveva dimenticato il libro. loo-ee ah-VEH-vah dee-men-tee-KAH-toh eel LEE-broh. He had forgotten the book.
Io ero arrivato tardi. ee-oh EH-roh ah-ree-VAH-toh TAR-dee. I had arrived late.

Cultural Insights and Regional Variations[edit | edit source]

The use of Trapassato Prossimo can vary across different regions of Italy. For example, in the south, particularly in Sicily, you might hear a more informal style of speaking where the Trapassato Prossimo is less frequently used in favor of simpler past forms. This reflects a broader trend in spoken Italian where speakers often prefer brevity and simplicity.

Moreover, in literature, the Trapassato Prossimo tends to be used more frequently to create a sense of reflection and nostalgia, capturing memories and past experiences vividly. This is particularly evident in the works of famous Italian authors like Italo Calvino and Alessandro Manzoni, who masterfully employ this tense to weave intricate narratives.

One interesting cultural fact is that the Italian language is influenced by its rich history, including the various dialects that exist within the country. These dialects can have their own unique grammatical structures and usages, which sometimes affect the way past tenses are used. For instance, in some regions, the Trapassato Prossimo might be replaced by a different tense altogether, showcasing the diversity of the Italian language.

Summary[edit | edit source]

In summary, the Trapassato Prossimo is an essential compound tense that helps convey the sequence of past events. Key points to remember include:

  • Formed using the imperfect tense of either essere or avere plus the past participle.
  • The auxiliary verb depends on the main verb being used.
  • Important for expressing actions that occurred before other past actions.
  • Regional variations may influence its use and understanding.

Exercises for Practice[edit | edit source]

Now it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are ten exercises designed to help you practice the Trapassato Prossimo.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the correct form of Trapassato Prossimo.

1. Prima di andare al cinema, noi ______ (mangiare) la cena.

2. Quando sono arrivato, loro ______ (partire).

3. Tu ______ (finire) il lavoro prima di andartene.

4. Lei ______ (scrivere) il libro prima di pubblicarlo.

5. Io ______ (essere) in Italia prima di andare in Francia.

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Italian using Trapassato Prossimo.

1. They had already left when I arrived.

2. We had never seen that movie before.

3. She had eaten breakfast before going to school.

4. He had written a letter before the deadline.

5. I had visited Rome before my trip to Venice.

Exercise 3: Identify the Auxiliary Verb[edit | edit source]

Identify whether the following sentences use essere or avere as the auxiliary verb.

1. Io ______ (essere) andato al mercato.

2. Noi ______ (avere) visto il film.

3. Tu ______ (essere) arrivato in ritardo.

4. Loro ______ (avere) comprato un regalo.

5. Lei ______ (essere) tornata a casa.

Exercise 4: Write Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create five sentences in Italian using Trapassato Prossimo about your past experiences.

Exercise 5: Correct the Mistakes[edit | edit source]

Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. Noi eravamo mangiato la pizza prima di uscire.

2. Tu avevi stato al mare l'estate scorsa.

3. Io aveva scritto un'email ieri.

4. Loro erano partiti prima che io arrivai.

5. Lei avevano visto il concerto.

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Now let’s look at the solutions for each exercise:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. avevamo mangiato

2. erano partiti

3. avevi finito

4. aveva scritto

5. ero stato

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Erano già partiti quando sono arrivato.

2. Non avevamo mai visto quel film prima.

3. Lei aveva mangiato la colazione prima di andare a scuola.

4. Lui aveva scritto una lettera prima della scadenza.

5. Ero stato a Roma prima del mio viaggio a Venezia.

Exercise 3: Identify the Auxiliary Verb Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. essere

2. avere

3. essere

4. avere

5. essere

Exercise 4: Write Your Own Sentences Solutions[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary based on students' sentences.)

Exercise 5: Correct the Mistakes Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Noi avevamo mangiato la pizza prima di uscire.

2. Tu eri stato al mare l'estate scorsa.

3. Io avevo scritto un'email ieri.

4. Loro erano partiti prima che io arrivassi.

5. Lei aveva visto il concerto.

To wrap up this lesson on the Trapassato Prossimo, remember that practice makes perfect! Keep using this tense in your conversations and writing to become more fluent in Italian. Enjoy your learning journey, and don’t hesitate to reach out with any questions!

Table of Contents - Italian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Introduction to Italian Language


Daily Life Expressions


Italian Culture and Tradition


Past and Future Tenses


Social and Work Life


Italian Literature and Cinema


Subjunctive and Imperative Moods


Science and Technology


Italian Politics and Society


Compound Tenses


Arts and Design


Italian Language and Dialects

Videos[edit | edit source]

Pluperfect Tense in Italian: Trapassato Prossimo - YouTube[edit | edit source]

How to use Italian past tense TRAPASSATO PROSSIMO in a ...[edit | edit source]

Il trapassato prossimo | B1 Italian Grammar - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Religion and Believes — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Trapassato Remoto ▶️

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