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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Serbian|Serbian]]  → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Serbian Grammar → Pronouns: Possessive Pronouns → Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative</div>


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In this lesson, we will explore the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in the Serbian language. As a Serbian language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I have found that adjectives are an essential part of the language and play a significant role in communication. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to compare people, places, and things in Serbian using these forms and expand your vocabulary.
== Introduction ==


In this lesson, we will explore the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in Serbian. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns, and they play an important role in building sentences and expressing comparisons. Understanding how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives will greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Serbian. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently compare and describe things using different degrees of comparison.


<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Conditional-Tense|Conditional Tense]] & [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]].</span>
== Comparative Adjectives ==
== Comparative Adjectives ==


Comparative adjectives are used to compare two people, places, or things. In Serbian, you can create a comparative adjective in two ways:
Comparative adjectives are used to compare two things or people. In Serbian, the comparative form of an adjective is formed by adding the suffix "-iji" to the base form of the adjective. Let's look at some examples:
 
1. By adding -ји to the adjective stem and declining it as a regular adjective.
2. By using the word "od" (meaning "than") with the nominative case of the adjective.
 
Let's see some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| visok || ['v̞ǐsok]  || tall
| visok || vee-sok || tall
| viši || ['v̞ǐʃi]  || taller
|-
| On je viši od mene.  || [ɔn jɛ 'v̞ǐʃi ɔd 'mɛnɛ]  || He is taller than me.
| viši || vee-shee || taller
|-
| pametan || pa-meh-tan || smart
|-
| pametniji || pa-meh-tee-nee || smarter
|-
| lep || lep || beautiful
|-
| lepši || lep-shee || more beautiful
|}
|}


In the examples above, we can see that we formed the comparative of visok by adding -ји to the adjective stem, and we formed the sentence "On je viši od mene" to compare the height of two people using the word "od" and the nominative case of the adjective.
As you can see from the examples, the comparative form of an adjective is created by adding the suffix "-iji" to the base form of the adjective. It is important to note that the comparative form agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Let's see some examples in context:


Let's see more examples:
* Marko je viši od Petra. (Marko is taller than Peter.)
* Ana je pametnija od Jovana. (Ana is smarter than Jovan.)
* Ova slika je lepša od one. (This picture is more beautiful than that one.)


* Moj auto je brži od tvog. (My car is faster than yours.)
In these examples, we can see how the comparative adjectives are used to compare two things or people. Note that the noun being compared is in the same case as the adjective.
* Ovaj grad je lepši od onog. (This city is more beautiful than that one.)
* Mačka je lenja, a pas je marljiviji. (The cat is lazy, but the dog is more hardworking.)


== Superlative Adjectives ==
== Superlative Adjectives ==


Superlative adjectives are used to describe something as the best, the most, or the least. In Serbian, you can create superlative adjectives in two ways:
Superlative adjectives are used to describe the highest degree of a certain quality. In Serbian, the superlative form of an adjective is formed by adding the suffix "-i" to the base form of the adjective. Let's look at some examples:
 
1. By adding -ји to the adjective stem and declining it as a regular adjective with the suffix -и.
2. By using the word "naj" (meaning "the most" or "the least") in front of the comparative form of the adjective.
 
Let's see some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| visok || ['v̞ǐsok]  || tall
| visok || vee-sok || tall
| najviši || ['najʋ̞ǐʃi]  || the tallest
|-
| Ovaj toranj je najviši u gradu.  || [ɔv̞aj 'tǒraj jɛ 'najʋ̞ǐʃi u 'ɡrǎdu]  || This tower is the tallest in the city.
| najviši || nai-vee-shee || tallest
|-
| pametan || pa-meh-tan || smart
|-
| najpametniji || nai-pa-meh-tee-nee || smartest
|-
| lep || lep || beautiful
|-
| najlepši || nai-lep-shee || most beautiful
|}
|}


In the examples above, we can see that we formed the superlative of visok by adding -ји to the adjective stem and declining it with the suffix -и, and we formed the sentence "Ovaj toranj je najviši u gradu" to describe the tower as the tallest using the word "naj" and the comparative form of the adjective.
As you can see from the examples, the superlative form of an adjective is created by adding the prefix "naj-" and the suffix "-i" to the base form of the adjective. Similar to the comparative form, the superlative form agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Let's see some examples in context:
 
* Marko je najviši u razredu. (Marko is the tallest in the class.)
* Ana je najpametnija u porodici. (Ana is the smartest in the family.)
* Ova slika je najlepša u galeriji. (This picture is the most beautiful in the gallery.)
 
In these examples, we can see how the superlative adjectives are used to describe the highest degree of a certain quality. Note that the noun being described is in the same case as the adjective.
 
== Regional Variations and Cultural Insights ==
 
It is important to note that there can be regional variations in the usage of comparative and superlative adjectives in Serbian. For example, in some dialects, the prefix "naj-" is not used to form the superlative, and instead, the suffix "-ši" is added directly to the base form of the adjective. Additionally, there may be variations in the pronunciation of certain adjectives.
 
In Serbian culture, expressing comparisons is a common practice in everyday conversations. People often compare things like height, intelligence, beauty, and many other qualities. It is considered polite to use the comparative form of adjectives when making comparisons, as it shows respect and acknowledges the differences between things or people. Superlative adjectives are used to emphasize the highest degree of a certain quality and are often used to praise or highlight someone or something.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of comparative and superlative adjectives in Serbian. Solutions and explanations will be provided after each exercise.
 
Exercise 1: Forming Comparative Adjectives
For each adjective given, form the comparative adjective in Serbian.
 
* Example: visok (tall) → viši (taller)
* lep (beautiful) → lepši (more beautiful)
* pametan (smart) → ___________
* jak (strong) → ___________
* bogat (rich) → ___________
 
Exercise 2: Forming Superlative Adjectives
For each adjective given, form the superlative adjective in Serbian.
 
* Example: visok (tall) → najviši (tallest)
* lep (beautiful) → najlepši (most beautiful)
* pametan (smart) → ___________
* jak (strong) → ___________
* bogat (rich) → ___________
 
Exercise 3: Translating Sentences
Translate the following sentences from English to Serbian, using the appropriate form of comparative or superlative adjectives.
 
* Example: This book is more interesting than that one.
* Ova knjiga je interesantnija od one.


Let's see more examples:
* This car is faster than mine.
* Ana is the smartest person I know.
* That movie is the best I've ever seen.


* Ovo je najlepši grad na svetu. (This is the most beautiful city in the world.)
== Solutions ==
* Moja mama pravi najbolje kolače. (My mom makes the best cakes.)
* Oni su najgori učenici u razredu. (They are the worst students in the class.)


== Irregular Comparative and Superlative Adjectives ==
Exercise 1: Forming Comparative Adjectives


Just like in English, some adjectives in Serbian have irregular comparative and superlative forms. Here are some examples:
* pametan (smart) → pametniji (smarter)
* jak (strong) → jači (stronger)
* bogat (rich) → bogatiji (richer)


{| class="wikitable"
Exercise 2: Forming Superlative Adjectives
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| dobar  ||  ['dɔbar]  || good
| bolji  ||  ['bɔʎi]  || better
| najbolji  ||  ['najbɔʎi]  || the best
|-
| loš  ||  ['lɔʃ]  || bad
| gori  ||  ['ɡɔri]  || worse
| najgori  ||  ['najɡɔri]  || the worst
|-
| veliki  ||  ['ʋ̞êliki]  || big
| veći  ||  ['ʋ̞êtʃi]  || bigger
| najveći  ||  ['naʎʋ̞êtʃi]  || the biggest
|}


In the examples above, we can see that the comparative and superlative forms of dobar, loš, and veliki are irregular and should be learned by heart.
* pametan (smart) → najpametniji (smartest)
* jak (strong) → najjači (strongest)
* bogat (rich) → najbogatiji (richest)


== Conclusion ==
Exercise 3: Translating Sentences


In this lesson, we explored the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in Serbian. Adjectives are an essential part of the language and can help us communicate more effectively. By learning different ways of comparing and describing people, places, and things, students can expand their vocabulary and improve their communication skills in Serbian.
* Ovaj auto je brži od mog.
* Ana je najpametnija osoba koju poznajem.
* Taj film je najbolji koji sam ikada gledao.


<span class='maj'></span>
== Conclusion ==
==Sources==
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Serbian/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives Serbian Grammar - Comaratives and Superlatives]
* [https://belgradelanguageschool.com/free-serbian-resources/ Free Serbian Resources | Belgrade Language School]
* [https://ling-app.com/sr/serbian-adjectives/ Useful Serbian Adjectives - 1# List You Need To Know - Ling App]
* [https://serbianlesson.com/exercises/ Exercises - Serbian Lessons]


Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives in Serbian. This knowledge will greatly enhance your ability to describe and compare things in everyday conversations. Keep practicing and incorporating these forms into your speaking and writing, and soon you will become even more proficient in Serbian. Good luck!


<span link>Impressive work on finishing this lesson! Explore these additional pages to enhance your understanding: [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Verbs:-Participles|Verbs: Participles]] & [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Verbs:-Infinitives|Verbs: Infinitives]].</span>
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
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|title=Serbian Grammar → Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative
|keywords=Serbian Grammar, Pronouns, Possessive Pronouns, Adjectives, Comparative, Superlative, Serbian adjectives
|keywords=Serbian grammar, adjectives, comparative, superlative, Serbian language, Serbian course
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in the Serbian language. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to compare people, places, and things in Serbian using these forms and expand your vocabulary.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in Serbian. We will explore the rules and provide examples to help you understand and apply this grammar concept.
}}
}}


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==Sources==
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Serbian/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives Serbian Grammar - Comaratives and Superlatives]
* [https://belgradelanguageschool.com/free-serbian-resources/ Free Serbian Resources | Belgrade Language School]
* [https://ling-app.com/sr/serbian-adjectives/ Useful Serbian Adjectives - 1# List You Need To Know - Ling App]
* [https://serbianlesson.com/exercises/ Exercises - Serbian Lessons]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]


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Revision as of 11:02, 18 June 2023

◀️ Verbs: Future Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Verbs: Imperative ▶️

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Serbian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjectives: Comparative and Superlative

Introduction

In this lesson, we will explore the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in Serbian. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns, and they play an important role in building sentences and expressing comparisons. Understanding how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives will greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Serbian. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently compare and describe things using different degrees of comparison.

Comparative Adjectives

Comparative adjectives are used to compare two things or people. In Serbian, the comparative form of an adjective is formed by adding the suffix "-iji" to the base form of the adjective. Let's look at some examples:

Serbian Pronunciation English
visok vee-sok tall
viši vee-shee taller
pametan pa-meh-tan smart
pametniji pa-meh-tee-nee smarter
lep lep beautiful
lepši lep-shee more beautiful

As you can see from the examples, the comparative form of an adjective is created by adding the suffix "-iji" to the base form of the adjective. It is important to note that the comparative form agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Let's see some examples in context:

  • Marko je viši od Petra. (Marko is taller than Peter.)
  • Ana je pametnija od Jovana. (Ana is smarter than Jovan.)
  • Ova slika je lepša od one. (This picture is more beautiful than that one.)

In these examples, we can see how the comparative adjectives are used to compare two things or people. Note that the noun being compared is in the same case as the adjective.

Superlative Adjectives

Superlative adjectives are used to describe the highest degree of a certain quality. In Serbian, the superlative form of an adjective is formed by adding the suffix "-i" to the base form of the adjective. Let's look at some examples:

Serbian Pronunciation English
visok vee-sok tall
najviši nai-vee-shee tallest
pametan pa-meh-tan smart
najpametniji nai-pa-meh-tee-nee smartest
lep lep beautiful
najlepši nai-lep-shee most beautiful

As you can see from the examples, the superlative form of an adjective is created by adding the prefix "naj-" and the suffix "-i" to the base form of the adjective. Similar to the comparative form, the superlative form agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Let's see some examples in context:

  • Marko je najviši u razredu. (Marko is the tallest in the class.)
  • Ana je najpametnija u porodici. (Ana is the smartest in the family.)
  • Ova slika je najlepša u galeriji. (This picture is the most beautiful in the gallery.)

In these examples, we can see how the superlative adjectives are used to describe the highest degree of a certain quality. Note that the noun being described is in the same case as the adjective.

Regional Variations and Cultural Insights

It is important to note that there can be regional variations in the usage of comparative and superlative adjectives in Serbian. For example, in some dialects, the prefix "naj-" is not used to form the superlative, and instead, the suffix "-ši" is added directly to the base form of the adjective. Additionally, there may be variations in the pronunciation of certain adjectives.

In Serbian culture, expressing comparisons is a common practice in everyday conversations. People often compare things like height, intelligence, beauty, and many other qualities. It is considered polite to use the comparative form of adjectives when making comparisons, as it shows respect and acknowledges the differences between things or people. Superlative adjectives are used to emphasize the highest degree of a certain quality and are often used to praise or highlight someone or something.

Practice Exercises

Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of comparative and superlative adjectives in Serbian. Solutions and explanations will be provided after each exercise.

Exercise 1: Forming Comparative Adjectives For each adjective given, form the comparative adjective in Serbian.

  • Example: visok (tall) → viši (taller)
  • lep (beautiful) → lepši (more beautiful)
  • pametan (smart) → ___________
  • jak (strong) → ___________
  • bogat (rich) → ___________

Exercise 2: Forming Superlative Adjectives For each adjective given, form the superlative adjective in Serbian.

  • Example: visok (tall) → najviši (tallest)
  • lep (beautiful) → najlepši (most beautiful)
  • pametan (smart) → ___________
  • jak (strong) → ___________
  • bogat (rich) → ___________

Exercise 3: Translating Sentences Translate the following sentences from English to Serbian, using the appropriate form of comparative or superlative adjectives.

  • Example: This book is more interesting than that one.
  • Ova knjiga je interesantnija od one.
  • This car is faster than mine.
  • Ana is the smartest person I know.
  • That movie is the best I've ever seen.

Solutions

Exercise 1: Forming Comparative Adjectives

  • pametan (smart) → pametniji (smarter)
  • jak (strong) → jači (stronger)
  • bogat (rich) → bogatiji (richer)

Exercise 2: Forming Superlative Adjectives

  • pametan (smart) → najpametniji (smartest)
  • jak (strong) → najjači (strongest)
  • bogat (rich) → najbogatiji (richest)

Exercise 3: Translating Sentences

  • Ovaj auto je brži od mog.
  • Ana je najpametnija osoba koju poznajem.
  • Taj film je najbolji koji sam ikada gledao.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives in Serbian. This knowledge will greatly enhance your ability to describe and compare things in everyday conversations. Keep practicing and incorporating these forms into your speaking and writing, and soon you will become even more proficient in Serbian. Good luck!

Table of Contents - Serbian Course - 0 to A1


Introduction to Serbian Grammar


Introduction to Serbian Vocabulary


Introduction to Serbian Culture


Pronouns: Possessive Pronouns


Shopping


Sports and Recreation


Adjectives: Declension


Jobs and Professions


Literature and Poetry


Verbs: Conditional


Entertainment and Media


Art and Artists


Sources



Other Lessons



◀️ Verbs: Future Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Verbs: Imperative ▶️

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