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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Mandarin-chinese|Mandarin Chinese]]  → [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Nouns and Pronouns → Demonstrative Pronouns and Interrogative Pronouns</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Mandarin Chinese Grammar → Nouns and Pronouns → Demonstrative Pronouns and Interrogative Pronouns</div>
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== Introduction ==


As a Mandarin Chinese teacher, I have seen many students struggle with pronouns. Demonstrative and interrogative pronouns are essential parts of any language, including Mandarin Chinese. In this lesson, we will explore these types of pronouns, how to use them, and examples of them in common sentences.
Welcome to the lesson on demonstrative pronouns and interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese! In this lesson, we will explore two important types of pronouns that are used to point out or ask about specific people or things. Demonstrative pronouns are used to indicate the proximity of an object or person, while interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions about people, things, or places. By learning these pronouns, you will be able to express yourself more effectively and ask questions with ease in Mandarin Chinese.


== Demonstrative Pronouns ==
== Demonstrative Pronouns ==
Demonstrative pronouns are words used to identify or point out something or someone. In Mandarin Chinese, there are three demonstrative pronouns:


* This: 这 (zhè)
Demonstrative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese are used to point out or indicate the location or proximity of an object or person. They can be used to refer to something nearby, something far away, or something in between. There are three main demonstrative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese: 这 (zhè), 那 (nà), and 那个 (nèi ge). Let's take a closer look at each one:
* That: 那 (nà)
* That one over there: 那边 (nà biān)


Here are some examples:
1. 这 (zhè) - This
 
The demonstrative pronoun 这 (zhè) is used to refer to something that is close to the speaker. It is equivalent to the English word "this." Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| 这本书 || zhè běn shū || This book
| 这本书 || zhè běn shū || This book
|-
|-
| 那个人 || nà gè rén || That person
| 这个人 || zhè gè rén || This person
|-
|-
| 那边的小狗 || nà biān de xiǎo gǒu || That dog over there
| 这些苹果 || zhè xiē píng guǒ || These apples
|}
|}


In Mandarin Chinese, the demonstrative pronoun always comes before the noun. For example, instead of saying "This book," we would say "This (zhè) book (shū)": 这本书 (zhè běn shū).
2. 那 (nà) - That


== Interrogative Pronouns ==
The demonstrative pronoun 那 (nà) is used to refer to something that is far away from the speaker. It is equivalent to the English word "that." Here are some examples:
Interrogative pronouns are used to introduce a question. There are five interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 那边的房子 || nà biān de fáng zi || That house over there
|-
| 那个男孩子 || nà gè nán hái zi || That boy
|-
| 那些花 || nà xiē huā || Those flowers
|}


* What: 什么 (shén me)
3. 那个 (nèi ge) - That (generic)
* Who: 谁 (shuí)
* Where: 哪里 (nǎ li)
* When: 什么时候 (shén me shí hòu)
* Why: 为什么 (wèi shén me)


Here are some examples:
The demonstrative pronoun 那个 (nèi ge) is used to refer to something that is neither close to nor far away from the speaker. It is equivalent to the English word "that" in a generic sense. Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| 你叫什么名字？ || nǐ jiào shén me míng zì? || What is your name?
| 那个地方 || nèi ge dì fang || That place
|-
|-
| 你是谁？ || nǐ shì shuí? || Who are you?
| 那个问题 || nèi ge wèn tí || That question
|-
|-
| 他在哪里？ || tā zài nǎ lǐ? || Where is he?
| 那个人 || nèi ge rén || That person
|}
 
== Interrogative Pronouns ==
 
Interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese are used to ask questions about people, things, or places. They help us gather information and express curiosity. There are four main interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese: 谁 (shéi), 什么 (shén me), 哪 (nǎ), and 几 (jǐ). Let's explore each one:
 
1. 谁 (shéi) - Who
 
The interrogative pronoun 谁 (shéi) is used to ask questions about people. It is equivalent to the English word "who." Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| 今天是什么时候？ || jīn tiān shì shén me shí hòu? || What day is it today?
| 你是谁？ || nǐ shì shéi? || Who are you?
|-
|-
| 为什么你不喜欢吃西瓜？ || wèi shén me nǐ bù xǐ huān chī xī guā? || Why don't you like to eat watermelon?
| 谁是老师？ || shéi shì lǎo shī? || Who is the teacher?
|-
| 我们邀请了谁？ || wǒ men yāo qǐng le shéi? || Who did we invite?
|}
|}


In Mandarin Chinese, the interrogative pronoun often comes at the beginning of the sentence. For example, instead of saying "Where is he?" we would say "He is where?": 他在哪里？(tā zài nǎ lǐ?).
2. 什么 (shén me) - What


== Demo-Interrogative Pronouns ==
The interrogative pronoun 什么 (shén me) is used to ask questions about things. It is equivalent to the English word "what." Here are some examples:
In Mandarin Chinese, there are two words that can act as both demonstrative and interrogative pronouns:


* Which one: 哪个 (nǎ gè)
{| class="wikitable"
* Whose: 谁的 (shuí de)
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 这是什么？ || zhè shì shén me? || What is this?
|-
| 你在做什么？ || nǐ zài zuò shén me? || What are you doing?
|-
| 这是什么颜色？ || zhè shì shén me yán sè? || What color is this?
|}


Here are some examples:
3. 哪 (nǎ) - Which
 
The interrogative pronoun 哪 (nǎ) is used to ask questions about choices or options. It is equivalent to the English word "which." Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| 哪个是你喜欢的书？ || nǎ gè shì nǐ xǐ huān de shū? || Which one is your favorite book?
| 你喜欢哪个颜色？ || nǐ xǐ huān nǎ gè yán sè? || Which color do you like?
|-
|-
| 谁的手机在桌子上？ || shuí de shǒu jī zài zhuō zi shàng? || Whose phone is on the table?
| 哪个电影院比较好？ || nǎ gè diàn yǐng yuàn bǐ jiào hǎo? || Which movie theater is better?
|-
| 你要买哪本书？ || nǐ yào mǎi nǎ běn shū? || Which book do you want to buy?
|}
|}


These pronouns can also come before or after the noun, depending on the context and emphasis.
4. 几 (jǐ) - How Many


As a Mandarin Chinese teacher, I recommend students practice using these pronouns in daily conversation. By practicing the correct usage of demonstrative and interrogative pronouns, students will be able to communicate more effectively and confidently in Mandarin Chinese.
The interrogative pronoun 几 (jǐ) is used to ask questions about quantity or number. It is equivalent to the English phrase "how many." Here are some examples:


== Sources ==
{| class="wikitable"
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese Mandarin Chinese]
! Mandarin Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrogative_pronoun Interrogative Pronouns]
|-
| 你有几个兄弟姐妹？ || nǐ yǒu jǐ gè xiōng dì jiě mèi? || How many siblings do you have?
|-
| 这里有几个人？ || zhè lǐ yǒu jǐ gè rén? || How many people are here?
|-
| 你会说几种语言？ || nǐ huì shuō jǐ zhǒng yǔ yán? || How many languages can you speak?
|}


== Conclusion ==


{{#seo:
Congratulations! You have learned about demonstrative pronouns and interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese. Demonstrative pronouns help us indicate the proximity of an object or person, while interrogative pronouns enable us to ask questions and gather information. By mastering these pronouns, you will be able to express yourself more accurately and engage in conversations more effectively in Mandarin Chinese. Keep practicing and exploring the fascinating world of Mandarin Chinese grammar!
|title= Mandarin Chinese Grammar → Nouns and Pronouns → Demonstrative Pronouns and Interrogative Pronouns
|keywords=Mandarin Chinese, grammar, nouns, pronouns, demonstrative,interrogative  
|description=In this lesson, we will explore demonstrative and interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese, how to use them, and examples of them in common sentences.}}
 


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==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Mastering-Chinese-Grammar-Easily-–-8-Rules-You-Need-to-Know|Mastering Chinese Grammar Easily – 8 Rules You Need to Know]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Mastering-Chinese-Grammar-Easily-–-8-Rules-You-Need-to-Know|Mastering Chinese Grammar Easily – 8 Rules You Need to Know]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/叫-(jiào)|叫 (jiào)]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/叫-(jiào)|叫 (jiào)]]
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* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/了-le|了 le]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/了-le|了 le]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Express-possession-with-有-(yǒu)|Express possession with 有 (yǒu)]]
* [[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Express-possession-with-有-(yǒu)|Express possession with 有 (yǒu)]]


{{Mandarin-chinese-Page-Bottom}}
{{Mandarin-chinese-Page-Bottom}}
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|[[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns-and-Possessive-Pronouns|◀️ Personal Pronouns and Possessive Pronouns — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Mandarin-chinese/Vocabulary/Professions-and-Jobs|Next Lesson — Professions and Jobs ▶️]]
|}
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Latest revision as of 06:50, 17 June 2023

◀️ Personal Pronouns and Possessive Pronouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Professions and Jobs ▶️

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Mandarin Chinese → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Nouns and Pronouns → Demonstrative Pronouns and Interrogative Pronouns

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on demonstrative pronouns and interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese! In this lesson, we will explore two important types of pronouns that are used to point out or ask about specific people or things. Demonstrative pronouns are used to indicate the proximity of an object or person, while interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions about people, things, or places. By learning these pronouns, you will be able to express yourself more effectively and ask questions with ease in Mandarin Chinese.

Demonstrative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Demonstrative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese are used to point out or indicate the location or proximity of an object or person. They can be used to refer to something nearby, something far away, or something in between. There are three main demonstrative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese: 这 (zhè), 那 (nà), and 那个 (nèi ge). Let's take a closer look at each one:

1. 这 (zhè) - This

The demonstrative pronoun 这 (zhè) is used to refer to something that is close to the speaker. It is equivalent to the English word "this." Here are some examples:

Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
这本书 zhè běn shū This book
这个人 zhè gè rén This person
这些苹果 zhè xiē píng guǒ These apples

2. 那 (nà) - That

The demonstrative pronoun 那 (nà) is used to refer to something that is far away from the speaker. It is equivalent to the English word "that." Here are some examples:

Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
那边的房子 nà biān de fáng zi That house over there
那个男孩子 nà gè nán hái zi That boy
那些花 nà xiē huā Those flowers

3. 那个 (nèi ge) - That (generic)

The demonstrative pronoun 那个 (nèi ge) is used to refer to something that is neither close to nor far away from the speaker. It is equivalent to the English word "that" in a generic sense. Here are some examples:

Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
那个地方 nèi ge dì fang That place
那个问题 nèi ge wèn tí That question
那个人 nèi ge rén That person

Interrogative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese are used to ask questions about people, things, or places. They help us gather information and express curiosity. There are four main interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese: 谁 (shéi), 什么 (shén me), 哪 (nǎ), and 几 (jǐ). Let's explore each one:

1. 谁 (shéi) - Who

The interrogative pronoun 谁 (shéi) is used to ask questions about people. It is equivalent to the English word "who." Here are some examples:

Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你是谁？ nǐ shì shéi? Who are you?
谁是老师？ shéi shì lǎo shī? Who is the teacher?
我们邀请了谁？ wǒ men yāo qǐng le shéi? Who did we invite?

2. 什么 (shén me) - What

The interrogative pronoun 什么 (shén me) is used to ask questions about things. It is equivalent to the English word "what." Here are some examples:

Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
这是什么？ zhè shì shén me? What is this?
你在做什么？ nǐ zài zuò shén me? What are you doing?
这是什么颜色？ zhè shì shén me yán sè? What color is this?

3. 哪 (nǎ) - Which

The interrogative pronoun 哪 (nǎ) is used to ask questions about choices or options. It is equivalent to the English word "which." Here are some examples:

Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你喜欢哪个颜色？ nǐ xǐ huān nǎ gè yán sè? Which color do you like?
哪个电影院比较好？ nǎ gè diàn yǐng yuàn bǐ jiào hǎo? Which movie theater is better?
你要买哪本书？ nǐ yào mǎi nǎ běn shū? Which book do you want to buy?

4. 几 (jǐ) - How Many

The interrogative pronoun 几 (jǐ) is used to ask questions about quantity or number. It is equivalent to the English phrase "how many." Here are some examples:

Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你有几个兄弟姐妹？ nǐ yǒu jǐ gè xiōng dì jiě mèi? How many siblings do you have?
这里有几个人？ zhè lǐ yǒu jǐ gè rén? How many people are here?
你会说几种语言？ nǐ huì shuō jǐ zhǒng yǔ yán? How many languages can you speak?

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have learned about demonstrative pronouns and interrogative pronouns in Mandarin Chinese. Demonstrative pronouns help us indicate the proximity of an object or person, while interrogative pronouns enable us to ask questions and gather information. By mastering these pronouns, you will be able to express yourself more accurately and engage in conversations more effectively in Mandarin Chinese. Keep practicing and exploring the fascinating world of Mandarin Chinese grammar!

Table of Contents - Mandarin Chinese Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Pinyin and Tones


Greetings and Basic Expressions


Sentence Structure and Word Order


Daily Life and Survival Expressions


Chinese Festivals and Traditions


Verbs and Verb Usage


Hobbies, Sports and Activities


China's Geography and Landmarks


Nouns and Pronouns


Professions and Personality Traits


Chinese Traditional Arts and Crafts


Comparative and Superlative


Cities, Countries and Tourist Destinations


Modern China and Current Events



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Personal Pronouns and Possessive Pronouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Professions and Jobs ▶️

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