Language/Tajik/Vocabulary/Numbers-1-20

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Tajik → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → Numbers and Time → Numbers 1-20

Introduction

Welcome to the Tajik language course! In our previous lessons, we learned about the Tajik alphabet, vowels and consonants, basic sentence structure, greetings and introductions, and negation in sentences. In this lesson, we will focus on Tajik numbers 1-20 and time. You will learn how to count and tell time in Tajik, and practice using these new vocabulary words in various contexts.

Learning Tajik numbers is essential for communication in many situations, such as shopping, asking for prices and quantities, telling time, and expressing ages. Additionally, learning about Tajik time will help you to make plans, schedule appointments, and meet deadlines.

Like many other languages, Tajik numbers have their own specific words, sounds, and rules. Fortunately, the Tajik number system is straightforward and easy to learn. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to count from 1 to 20, tell time, and use Tajik numbers with confidence.

Finish this lesson and explore these related pages: Basic Greetings & At the Post Office.

Tajik Numbers 1-20

Cardinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers are used to count objects, people, animals, and things. In Tajik, we use cardinal numbers to express quantity and order. Tajik numbers from 1 to 20 are:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
1	як	one
2	ду	two
3	се	three
4	чор	four
5	панҷ	five
6	шаш	six
7	ҳафт	seven
8	ҳашт	eight
9	нӯҳ	nine
10	даҳ	ten
11	ёздаҳ	eleven
12	доҳдаҳ	twelve
13	сеҳдаҳ	thirteen
14	чордаҳ	fourteen
15	понздаҳ	fifteen
16	шонздаҳ	sixteen
17	ҳабдаҳ	seventeen
18	ҳаждаҳ	eighteen
19	нуздаҳ	nineteen
20	бист	twenty

As you can see from the table, Tajik numbers have specific names and pronunciations. In Tajik, the numbers 11 to 19 are formed by adding the suffix "-даҳ" to the corresponding unit, except for 11 and 12, which have distinct names. Tajik uses a base-20 counting system, which means that 20 is a separate number and not a combination of two digits.

Ordinal Numbers

Ordinal numbers are used to indicate position or order, such as first, second, third, etc. In Tajik, ordinal numbers are formed by adding the suffix "-ом" to the corresponding cardinal number. For example:

• 1st - яком (Yakom)
• 2nd - доом (Doom)
• 3rd - сом (Som)
• 4th - чором (Chorom)
• 5th - панҷом (Panjom)
• 6th - шашом (Shashom)
• 7th - ҳафтом (Haftom)
• 8th - ҳаштом (Hashtom)
• 9th - нӯҳом (Nuhom)
• 10th - даҳом (Dahom)

Ordinal numbers are often used to express dates, such as January 1st, February 2nd, etc.

Using Tajik Numbers

Counting Objects and People

To count objects and people in Tajik, use the cardinal numbers. For example:

• як китоб - one book
• ду дӯст - two friends
• се мешҳурӣ - three famous people
• чор мӯш - four mice
• панҷ мебел - five furniture pieces
• шаш калем - six pencils
• ҳафт дарс - seven classes
• ҳашт москва - eight moscows
• нӯҳ чипта - nine envelopes
• даҳ овоз - ten voices

Age and Years

To express age and years in Tajik, we use the noun "сол" (sol), which means "year". We also use the genitive case after the number to indicate possession. For example:

• ман панҷ солаи зистро будам. (Man panj sala'i zistro budam) - I was five years old.
• ду соли манзорет гузашт. (Du soli manzoret guzasht) - Two years passed since your visit.
• соли 2022 (Soli 2022) - year 2022

Telephone Numbers

To express telephone numbers in Tajik, we read each digit separately. For example:

• манзили ман ҳашт сад ва ҳафтаду се як сад ва шест масиранд. (Manzili man ҳasht sad va haftaddu se yak sad va shesh masirand) - My address is 87-71-16.

Prices and Currency

To express prices and currency in Tajik, we use the noun "сомонӣ" (somonii), which means "Tajikistan currency". We also use the plural form of the noun to indicate amounts higher than one. For example:

• ман як сомонӣ додаам. (Man yak somonii dodam) - I gave one somoni.
• ин қадами сув охшаш ҷуъ (In qadami suv oxford ju) - This bottle of water costs ten somoni.
• ман панҷ сомонӣ дорам. (Man panj somonii doram) - I have five somoni.

Tajik Time

Telling Time

In Tajik, we use the 24-hour clock to tell time. To ask for the time, we use the phrase "чанд соат ҳаст?" (chand soat hast?), which means "what time is it?". To answer, we use the following structure:

Full Hours

The full hours are expressed by the cardinal numbers from 0 to 20, followed by the word "соат" (soat), which means "hour". For example:

• се соат (se soat) - three o'clock
• чор соат (chor soat) - four o'clock
• даҳ соат (dah soat) - ten o'clock
• ҳашт соат (hasht soat) - eight o'clock

Minutes

To express minutes, we use the cardinal numbers from 1 to 59, followed by the word "дақиқа" (daqiqai), which means "minute". Minutes are always expressed in the plural form, even if the number is one. For example:

• се дақиқа (se daqiqai) - three minutes
• чор дақиқа (chor daqiqai) - four minutes
• ҳашт дақиқа (hasht daqiqai) - eight minutes

Note that Tajik uses a base-60 counting system for minutes and seconds, so after 59 we restart at 1.

Half and Quarter Hours

To express half and quarter hours, we use the following words:

• ним соат (nim soat) - half past
• чаҳор соат (chahor soat) - quarter past
• сӣ соат (sii soat) - quarter to

For example:

• се дақиқа ним соат (se daqiqai nim soat) - half past three
• ду дақиқа чаҳор соат (du daqiqai chahor soat) - quarter past two
• панҷ дақиқа сӣ соат (panj daqiqai sii soat) - quarter to six

Asking for the Time

To ask for the time, use the phrase "чанд соат ҳаст?" (chand soat hast?).

Answering Time

To answer, use the following structure:

• "соат" (soat) - hour
• "дақиқа" (daqiqai) - minute
• "ним" (nim), "чаҳор" (chahor), or "сӣ" (sii) - half or quarter

For example:

• се соат дақиқа ним (se soat daqiqai nim) - three thirty
• чор соат панҷ дақиқа (chor soat panj daqiqai) - four five
• даҳ дӯ хвӯрӣ (dah du khvurii) - ten past two
• ҳашт соат сӣ дақиқа (hasht soat sii daqiqai) - seven forty-five

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully learned the Tajik numbers from 1 to 20 and Tajik time. Practice using these new vocabulary words in various contexts, such as counting objects and people, expressing age and years, telling time, and giving prices and currency. Remember to pay attention to pronunciation and intonation, as Tajik numbers and time rely heavily on sound and stress.

In the next lesson, we will learn about Tajik nouns and pronouns.

Table of Contents - Tajik Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Alphabet and Pronunciation

• Introduction to the Tajik Alphabet
• Vowels and Consonants

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb Order
• Negation in Sentences

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-20
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Gender and Plurality of Nouns
• Personal Pronouns

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Describing Relationships

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Using Adjectives
• Using Adverbs

  ---

Food and Dining

• Common Foods
• Eating and Drinking

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Using Prepositions
• Using Conjunctions

  ---

Shopping and Money

• Shopping Vocabulary
• Money and Currency

  ---

Tajik Customs and Traditions

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Etiquette and Social Norms

Other Lessons

• Time
• Drinks
• How to Say Hello and Greetings
• Meat
• Express Surprise
• Vegetables
• Numbers
• Education
• Basic Greetings
• Food

Sources

• Tajik Numbers

◀️ Negation in Sentences — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Telling Time ▶️