Difference between revisions of "Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Adjectives"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Quick edit)
Β 
m (Quick edit)
Β 
(3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 3: Line 3:


<div class="pg_page_title">Central Khmer Grammar - Adjectives</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Central Khmer Grammar - Adjectives</div>
Hi Central Khmer learners! 😊<br>In today's lesson, we will be discussing adjectives in Central Khmer. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns. They can be used to give more information about the noun or pronoun they are modifying. In this lesson, we will look at how adjectives are formed in Central Khmer and how they are used in sentences.  
Β 
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/central-khmer Central Khmer] learners! 😊
Β 
In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in Central Khmer. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. They provide information about the quality, size, age, shape, color, and other characteristics of nouns or pronouns. Understanding adjectives is essential to be able to express oneself in a more accurate and descriptive way. Β 


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Formation of Adjectives ==
Adjectives in Central Khmer are formed by adding the suffix -αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘ (pronounced -prΙ™-teh) to the end of a noun. For example, the word for "book" is αžŸαŸ€αžœαž—αŸ… (siΙ™v-peh), and the adjective form of this word is αžŸαŸ€αžœαž—αŸ…αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘ (siΙ™v-peh-prΙ™-teh).


=== Adjective Placement ===
<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] & [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]].</span>
== What are adjectives in Central Khmer? ==


In Central Khmer, adjectives usually come after the noun they are modifying. For example:
Adjectives in Central Khmer precede the noun they describe. Unlike English, they do not change according to the number, gender, or case of the noun. The adjective always stays the same regardless of the noun it describes. Β 


* αžŸαŸ€αžœαž—αŸ…αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αžαŸ’αž˜αžΈ (siΙ™v-peh-prΙ™-teh tΙ‘m-nii) - new book
Here are some examples:
* αž’αžαŸ’αžαž”αž‘αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž…αž·αžαŸ’αžαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹ (Ι™t-tΙ‘p-prΙ™-teh cΙ™t-sΙ‘m-rΙ‘p) - interesting article


However, there are some exceptions to this rule. For example, when the adjective is used to describe a person, it usually comes before the noun. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Central Khmer !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαžαŸ’αž›αž½αž“ || ptei kloun || beautiful face
|-
| αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž’αžΆαž || sros sat || delicious food
|-
| αž’αŸ†αžœαž·αž‰ || tmor vin || big house
|-
| αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹ || sros || bright
|}


* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž– (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii) - reading type
== Forming comparative and superlative adjectives ==
* αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αžαŸ’αž˜αžΈ (Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh tΙ‘m-nii) - new reading type


=== Adjective Agreement ===
To form the comparative of an adjective, one can use the word "αž›αžΎ" (le) which means "more". For example, "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹" (sros) means "bright", and "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž›αžΎ" (sros le) would mean "brighter".


In Central Khmer, adjectives must agree with the noun they are modifying in terms of gender and number. For example, if the noun is feminine, the adjective must also be feminine. If the noun is plural, the adjective must also be plural. Β 
To form the superlative, one can use the words "αž”αŸ†αž–αž„αŸ‹" (bompong) or "αžαŸ’αž–αžŸαŸ‹" (khpous) which mean "most". For example, "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹" (sros) means "bright", "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž›αžΎ" (sros le) means "brighter", and "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž”αŸ†αž–αž„αŸ‹" (sros bompong) or "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž–αžŸαŸ‹" (sros khpous) would mean "the brightest". Β 


For example: Β 
Here's a dialogue to illustrate:


* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αžαŸ’αž˜αžΈ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh tΙ‘m-nii) - new reading type (feminine singular)
* Person 1: αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž›αžΎαžαžΆαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αž‡αžΆαž„αžαžΆαž„αž˜αž»αžαŸ” (Sros le kang kroh jahng kang muk) - It's brighter at the back than at the front.
* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αžαŸ’αž˜αžΈαž“αžΆαž“αžΆ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh tΙ‘m-nii nΙ‘n-nΙ‘) - new reading types (feminine plural)
* Person 2: αž˜αž·αž“αž…αžΆαž‰αŸ‹αžƒαŸ’αž›αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž–αžŸαŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž„αž“αŸαŸ‡αž‘αŸαŸ” (Min chang klahm dael mean sros khpous jahng ney te) - I haven't seen a building that's brighter than this one.


== Adjective Usage ==
== Adjectives of color ==


Adjectives can be used to describe nouns and pronouns in a variety of ways. They can be used to describe size, shape, color, age, origin, material, purpose, and many other qualities. Β 
In Central Khmer, adjectives of color usually come after the noun they describe. Here are some examples:


For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Central Khmer !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| មអស || mea || black
|-
| αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹ || sros || bright
|-
| αž„αž„αžΉαž || ngongeut || brown
|-
| αž€αŸ’αžšαž αž˜ || krahom || red
|-
| αžŸαŸ’αžšαž›αžΆαž‰αŸ‹ || sralanh || yellow
|}


* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž…αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž•αŸ’αžαžΎαž˜ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh cΙ‘p-tΙ™Ι™m) - introductory reading type
== Conclusion ==
* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž…αž»αž…αžŠαžΎαž˜ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh cΙ™c-dΙ™Ι™m) - basic reading type
* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αžαŸ’αž›αžΈ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh klii) - short reading type


Adjectives can also be used to compare two or more nouns or pronouns. For example: Β 
In this lesson, we learned about adjectives in Central Khmer. Adjectives describe or modify nouns and pronouns by providing information about their qualities, colors, sizes, and other characteristics. We also learned how to form comparative and superlative adjectives, and adjectives of color. To improve your [[Language/Central-khmer|Central Khmer]] [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=25 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/central-khmer/question questions]!


* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αžαŸ’αž˜αžΈαž‡αžΆαž„ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh tΙ‘m-nii cieΕ‹) - newer reading type
<hr>➑ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➑ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž…αž»αž…αžŠαžΎαž˜αž‡αžΆαž„ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh cΙ™c-dΙ™Ι™m cieΕ‹) - more basic reading type


Finally, adjectives can also be used to make general statements about a group of nouns or pronouns. For example:


* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αžαŸ’αž˜αžΈαž‚αž½αžšαž±αŸ’αž™αž’αžΆαž“ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh tΙ‘m-nii kuur-yΙ™Ι™ Ι‘n) - new reading types should be read
<span link>Upon wrapping up this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]] & [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Questions|Questions]].</span>
* αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž’αžΆαž“αžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αž…αž»αž…αžŠαžΎαž˜αž‚αž½αžšαž±αŸ’αž™αž’αžΆαž“αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“ (prΙ™-teh Ι‘n-ruup-pii prΙ™-teh cΙ™c-dΙ™Ι™m kuur-yΙ™Ι™ Ι‘n cΙ™r-Ι™Ι™n) - basic reading types should be read a lot
{{#seo:
|title=Central Khmer Grammar - Adjectives
|keywords=Central Khmer, Grammar, Adjectives, Comparative, Superlative, Color
|description=Learn how adjectives work in Central Khmer, their comparative and superlative forms, and adjectives of color.
}}


<hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]


{{Central-khmer-Page-Bottom}}
{{Central-khmer-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 20:52, 27 March 2023

Cambodia-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Central Khmer Grammar - Adjectives

Hi Central Khmer learners! 😊

In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in Central Khmer. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. They provide information about the quality, size, age, shape, color, and other characteristics of nouns or pronouns. Understanding adjectives is essential to be able to express oneself in a more accurate and descriptive way.


With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: 0 to A1 Course & Past Tense.

What are adjectives in Central Khmer?[edit | edit source]

Adjectives in Central Khmer precede the noun they describe. Unlike English, they do not change according to the number, gender, or case of the noun. The adjective always stays the same regardless of the noun it describes.

Here are some examples:

Central Khmer Pronunciation English
αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαžαŸ’αž›αž½αž“ ptei kloun beautiful face
αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž’αžΆαž sros sat delicious food
αž’αŸ†αžœαž·αž‰ tmor vin big house
αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹ sros bright

Forming comparative and superlative adjectives[edit | edit source]

To form the comparative of an adjective, one can use the word "αž›αžΎ" (le) which means "more". For example, "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹" (sros) means "bright", and "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž›αžΎ" (sros le) would mean "brighter".

To form the superlative, one can use the words "αž”αŸ†αž–αž„αŸ‹" (bompong) or "αžαŸ’αž–αžŸαŸ‹" (khpous) which mean "most". For example, "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹" (sros) means "bright", "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž›αžΎ" (sros le) means "brighter", and "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž”αŸ†αž–αž„αŸ‹" (sros bompong) or "αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž–αžŸαŸ‹" (sros khpous) would mean "the brightest".

Here's a dialogue to illustrate:

  • Person 1: αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž›αžΎαžαžΆαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αž‡αžΆαž„αžαžΆαž„αž˜αž»αžαŸ” (Sros le kang kroh jahng kang muk) - It's brighter at the back than at the front.
  • Person 2: αž˜αž·αž“αž…αžΆαž‰αŸ‹αžƒαŸ’αž›αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž–αžŸαŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž„αž“αŸαŸ‡αž‘αŸαŸ” (Min chang klahm dael mean sros khpous jahng ney te) - I haven't seen a building that's brighter than this one.

Adjectives of color[edit | edit source]

In Central Khmer, adjectives of color usually come after the noun they describe. Here are some examples:

Central Khmer Pronunciation English
មអស mea black
αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŸαŸ‹ sros bright
αž„αž„αžΉαž ngongeut brown
αž€αŸ’αžšαž αž˜ krahom red
αžŸαŸ’αžšαž›αžΆαž‰αŸ‹ sralanh yellow

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we learned about adjectives in Central Khmer. Adjectives describe or modify nouns and pronouns by providing information about their qualities, colors, sizes, and other characteristics. We also learned how to form comparative and superlative adjectives, and adjectives of color. To improve your Central Khmer Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

➑ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➑ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


Upon wrapping up this lesson, take a look at these related pages: Present Tense & Questions.

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Central-khmer/Grammar/Adjectives&oldid=203664"