Difference between revisions of "Language/Georgian/Grammar/Plurals"
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===Learn Georgian with Roni-Grammar(Plural) - YouTube=== | ===Learn Georgian with Roni-Grammar(Plural) - YouTube=== | ||
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fc8P_-oTOzo</youtube> | <youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fc8P_-oTOzo</youtube> | ||
==Related Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Preverbs-and-their-functions|Preverbs and their functions]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Expression-“traveling-by...”|Expression “traveling by...”]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Participles-of-medial-verbs|Participles of medial verbs]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conjugation-verbs-Present,-Past-and-Future|Conjugation verbs Present, Past and Future]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/The-postposition-of-the-Instrumental|The postposition of the Instrumental]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Vocative-case-markers-“—ო”-and-“—ვ”|Vocative case markers “—ო” and “—ვ”]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/“to-be”-ყოფნა-Present-Tense|“to be” ყოფნა Present Tense]] | |||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/The-postposition-of-the-Dative|The postposition of the Dative]] | |||
{{Georgian-Page-Bottom}} | {{Georgian-Page-Bottom}} |
Revision as of 12:29, 6 March 2023
Hi Georgian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will be exploring the use of plurals in Georgian grammar. Plurals are used when we are referring to more than one thing or person, and it is important to understand the rules associated with plurals in Georgian.
Plural Forms
In Georgian, there are several ways in which to form plurals. These include:
Adding "-eb"
One of the most common ways of forming plurals in Georgian is to add the suffix "-eb" to the end of a noun. For example:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
კაცები (k'atsebi) | k'at-seb-i | men |
წელები (tselebi) | tse-leb-i | years |
ენები (enebi) | e-neb-i | languages |
Changing the Vowel Sound
Another way to form plurals is by changing the vowel sound within the noun. For example:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ბავშვები (bavshvebi) | bav-shv-eb-i | children |
მამები (mamebi) | ma-meb-i | fathers |
ცხოვრები (tskhovrebi) | ts-khov-reb-i | residents |
Irregular Plurals
There are a few nouns in Georgian that have irregular plurals, which must be memorized individually. For example:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
კაცები (orbebi) | or-beb-i | wolves |
კონი (k'oni) | k'o-ni | horses |
ვენახები (venakh'ebi) | ve-na-kh'eb-i | windows |
Additionally, some nouns do not change form in the plural. For example:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ჯანმრთელები (janmrt'elebi) | jan-mrte-leb-i | doctors |
პრეზიდენტები (prezident'ebi) | pre-zi-den-t'eb-i | presidents |
Plural Personal Pronouns
While plural forms of nouns are essential to communication, plural forms of personal pronouns can be equally important. In Georgian, plural personal pronouns typically follow the same formation as plural nouns. For example:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ჩვენ (chven) | ch-ven | we |
თქვენ (tkven) | tk-ven | you (plural) |
ისინი (isini) | i-si-ni | they |
Dialogue
To help you better understand how to use plurals in Georgian, let's see an example dialogue between two people:
- Person 1: ეს წიგნები საცავში არ არიან. (Es ts'ignebi sats'avshi ar ari-an.) (These books are not in the box.)
- Person 2: ეს წიგნები რომელნიც? (Es ts'ignebi romel-nits?) (Which books?)
- Person 1: ეს წიგნები მთავარ რეპეტიციისთვისაა. (Es ts'ignebi mt'avari repetitsiistvisaa.) (These books are for the main library.)
Practice
Now that we have reviewed the rules associated with forming plurals in Georgian, let's practice by translating the following sentences into Georgian:
1. The cats are outside. 2. Which trees? 3. The teachers are here. 4. The flowers are beautiful.
Conclusion
Plurals are essential in communication, and in Georgian, they are formed through adding "-eb," changing the vowel sound or by irregular means. Practicing plurals with nouns and personal pronouns can be a fun and exciting way to improve your Georgian skills. Remember, to improve your Georgian Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!
➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
Sources
Videos
Learn Georgian with Roni-Grammar(Plural) - YouTube
Related Lessons
- Preverbs and their functions
- Expression “traveling by...”
- Participles of medial verbs
- Conditional Mood
- Future Tense
- Conjugation verbs Present, Past and Future
- The postposition of the Instrumental
- Vocative case markers “—ო” and “—ვ”
- “to be” ყოფნა Present Tense
- The postposition of the Dative