Korrigjime

My research

• At the same time, Soviet researchers had done tremendous work to constructing the time series on historical data of Russia.

• However, Western readers have limited knowledge of these data, which are of interest from the point of the study of cycles in the pre-industrial period.

• The thing is, the history of European economies remains the main object of study in the long-wave literature.

• Accordingly, western researchers’ explanation of long waves before the Industrial Revolution is not relevant for Russian history since the development of the Russian society took place in a quite different socio-economic context.

• In other words, this historical material is fertile ground for searching and analyzing the contradiction between theory and practice.

• We constructed homogeneous time series of grain prices.

• However, since 1876, Russian government embarked upon the road of robust protectionism, thereby declining grain prices.

• The rye yield in the 1710s and 1780s was at the same level, but the prices were highly variable.

• The yield data fail to explain the price hike in the second half of the 18th century.

• Did the grain price fluctuations link wars?

• To that end, we calculated Russian average prices in the 19th century and presented prices as quantity kopecks (contained 0,18 gram of silver) per pood.

• When the reception of Kondratiev’s ideas was studied, the formation of this view was partly explained.

• We also question that long waves in the pre-industrial period may be explained only by natural factors.

• The sources reviewed suggest that waves linked wars.

• According to my calculations, the price of rye in 1708 was 40 kopecks per pood, in 1709 it was 44 kopecks, in 1710 it was 68 kopecks.

• According to Mironov, in the indicated years the prices were 35, 36 and 41 kopecks, respectively.

• Also some typos were discovered in his monograph.

• In 1761–1764 years the prices were 78, 90, 95 and 105 kopecks per pood, respectively.

• However, in Mironov’s monograph these prices are on average 2.5 times lower.