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Italština → Gramatika → Kurz 0 - A1 → Trapassato Prossimo

Trapassato Prossimo[editovat | editovat zdroj]

Trapassato Prossimo is a compound tense of the Italian language. This tense is used to describe actions that were completed before another action in the past or to describe a past event that took place before a certain point in another past event.

To form the Trapassato Prossimo you need to use the imperfetto tense of the auxiliary verb 'avere' or 'essere' and the past participle of the main verb.

Forming Trapassato Prossimo with the verb 'avere'[editovat | editovat zdroj]

To form Trapassato Prossimo using the verb 'avere', follow these steps:

  1. Conjugate the imperfetto of 'avere' according to the subject pronoun
  2. Add the past participle of the main verb

Here is an example table:

Italian Pronunciation English
Io avevo mangiato /'io a'vevo man'dʒato/ I had eaten
Tu avevi mangiato /'tu a'vevi man'dʒato/ You had eaten
Lui/Lei aveva mangiato /'lui/lei a'veva man'dʒato/ He/She had eaten
Noi avevamo mangiato /'noi a'vevamo man'dʒato/ We had eaten
Voi avevate mangiato /'voi a'vevate man'dʒato/ You all had eaten
Loro avevano mangiato /'loːro a'vevano man'dʒato/ They had eaten

Forming Trapassato Prossimo with the verb 'essere'[editovat | editovat zdroj]

To form Trapassato Prossimo using the verb 'essere', follow these steps:

  1. Conjugate the imperfetto of 'essere' according to the subject pronoun
  2. Add the past participle of the main verb

Here is an example table:

Italian Pronunciation English
Io ero uscito/a /'io 'ɛro uʃ'tʃito/a/ I had gone out
Tu eri uscito/a /'tu 'ɛri uʃ'tʃito/a/ You had gone out
Lui/Lei era uscito/a /'lui/lei 'ɛra uʃ'tʃito/a/ He/She had gone out
Noi eravamo usciti/e /'noi erava'mo uʃ'tʃiti/e/ We had gone out
Voi eravate usciti/e /'voi erava'te uʃ'tʃiti/e/ You all had gone out
Loro erano usciti/e /'loːro e'raːno uʃ'tʃiti/e/ They had gone out

Irregular Past Participles[editovat | editovat zdroj]

There are some irregular past participles that you need to know when forming Trapassato Prossimo.

Italian English Past Participle
Avere To have Avuto
Bere To drink Bevuto
Chiedere To ask Chiesto
Fare To do Fatto
Scrivere To write Scritto
Vedere To see Visto
Venire To come Venuto
Essere To be Stato/a/i/e
Uscire To go out Uscito/a/i/e

Examples[editovat | editovat zdroj]

Here are some examples of how to use Trapassato Prossimo in context:

  1. Quando sono arrivata a casa, mia madre mi aveva già preparato cena. (When I arrived home, my mother had already prepared dinner.)
  2. Mentre stavamo camminando, Abele aveva visto una macchina strana. (While we were walking, Abele had seen a strange car.)
  3. Eravamo già usciti quando ha iniziato a piovere. (We had already gone out when it started to rain.)

Congratulations, now you know how to form and use Trapassato Prossimo in Italian!

Obsah italského kurzu od 0 do úrovně A1[editovat zdroj]

Úvod do italského jazyka


Fráze z každodenního života


Kultura a tradice Itálie


Předminulý a budoucí časy


Sociální a pracovní život


Italská literatura a kino


Příčestní a rozkazovací způsob


Věda a technologie


Italská politika a společnost


Složené časy


Umění a design


Italský jazyk a dialekty


Další lekce[editovat | editovat zdroj]


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