Language/Standard-estonian/Vocabulary/Numbers-1-100
◀️ Introducing Yourself — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Personal Pronouns ▶️ |
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Welcome to the lesson on counting in Estonian! In this lesson, we will learn how to count from 1 to 100 in Standard Estonian. Numbers are an essential part of any language, and by mastering the numbers, you will be able to navigate various everyday situations, such as shopping, telling the time, and expressing age.
In this comprehensive lesson, we will cover the numbers from 1 to 100 in detail. We will provide you with clear explanations, numerous examples, and engaging exercises to help you grasp the concept of counting in Estonian. Additionally, we will explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of the numbers and share interesting cultural facts related to counting in Estonian.
So let's dive into the fascinating world of numbers in Standard Estonian!
Number Basics[edit | edit source]
Before we start counting from 1 to 100, let's familiarize ourselves with the basic numbers in Estonian. Learning the numbers from 1 to 10 is crucial as they form the foundation for constructing larger numbers.
Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in Standard Estonian:
Standard Estonian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
üks | [yks] | one |
kaks | [kaks] | two |
kolm | [kolm] | three |
neli | [neli] | four |
viis | [viis] | five |
kuus | [kuus] | six |
seitse | [seitse] | seven |
kaheksa | [kah-HEK-sa] | eight |
üheksa | [y-HEK-sa] | nine |
kümme | [KUH-meh] | ten |
Take some time to practice pronouncing these numbers correctly. Pay attention to the pronunciation guide provided to ensure accurate pronunciation. Now that we have a solid foundation, let's move on to counting from 11 to 100.
Counting from 11 to 20[edit | edit source]
To form numbers from 11 to 19, we combine the numbers 1 to 9 with the word "teist". Let's take a look at the numbers from 11 to 20:
Standard Estonian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
üksteist | [YK-stayst] | eleven |
kaheteist | [KAH-heh-tayst] | twelve |
kolmeteist | [KOL-meh-tayst] | thirteen |
neljateist | [NEL-yah-tayst] | fourteen |
viisteist | [VEEST-tayst] | fifteen |
kuusteist | [KOOS-tayst] | sixteen |
seitseteist | [SEYT-seh-tayst] | seventeen |
kaheksateist | [KAH-HEK-sah-tayst] | eighteen |
üheksateist | [Y-HEK-sah-tayst] | nineteen |
kaksteist | [KAKS-tayst] | twenty |
Notice that the numbers from 11 to 19 end with the suffix "-teist". This pattern will help you remember these numbers easily. Practice pronouncing each number and try to memorize them as they will be the building blocks for larger numbers.
Counting by Tens[edit | edit source]
Now that we know the numbers from 1 to 20, it's time to learn how to count by tens in Estonian. Similar to English, the numbers from 20 to 100 follow a pattern where the tens digit is combined with the word for "ten" (kümme).
Here are the numbers from 30 to 100 in tens:
Standard Estonian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
kolmkümmend | [KOLM-kym-mehnt] | thirty |
nelikümmend | [NEH-lee-kym-mehnt] | forty |
viiskümmend | [VEES-kym-mehnt] | fifty |
kuuskümmend | [KOOS-kym-mehnt] | sixty |
seitsekümmend | [SEYT-seh-kym-mehnt] | seventy |
kaheksakümmend | [KAH-HEK-sah-kym-mehnt] | eighty |
üheksakümmend | [Y-HEK-sah-kym-mehnt] | ninety |
sada | [SAH-dah] | one hundred |
Take note of the pronunciation guide and practice saying each number aloud. Make sure to pay attention to the unique pronunciation of "sada" for one hundred.
Counting from 21 to 99[edit | edit source]
To form numbers from 21 to 99 in Estonian, we combine the tens digit with the ones digit. However, unlike in English where we use hyphens, Estonian employs a different structure. Let's go through some examples to understand this better:
Standard Estonian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
kakskümmend üks | [KAKS-kym-mehnt yks] | twenty-one |
kolmkümmend seitse | [KOLM-kym-mehnt SEYT-seh] | thirty-seven |
nelikümmend kuus | [NEH-lee-kym-mehnt koos] | forty-six |
viiskümmend üheksa | [VEES-kym-mehnt Y-HEK-sah] | fifty-nine |
kuuskümmend kolm | [KOOS-kym-mehnt KOLM] | sixty-three |
seitsekümmend neli | [SEYT-seh-kym-mehnt NEH-lee] | seventy-four |
kaheksakümmend viis | [KAH-HEK-sah-kym-mehnt vees] | eighty-five |
üheksakümmend üheksa | [Y-HEK-sah-kym-mehnt Y-HEK-sah] | ninety-nine |
As you can see, we simply combine the tens digit with the ones digit, without any hyphens. Remember to pronounce each number accurately, paying attention to the correct stress and intonation.
Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]
Counting in Estonian is an excellent way to explore the cultural heritage of Estonia. Estonian is part of the Finno-Ugric language family and shares similarities with Finnish and Hungarian. Estonian numbers are unique and have evolved over time, influenced by various historical factors.
One interesting aspect of counting in Estonian is the use of the word "sada" for one hundred. It is worth noting that the word "sada" is also used in the Finnish language for one hundred. This similarity reflects the historical connection between the two languages and their shared linguistic roots.
In addition to linguistic connections, Estonian culture places great importance on numerology and superstitions related to numbers. For example, the number seven (seitse) is considered lucky in Estonian folklore, while the number thirteen (kolmteist) is often associated with bad luck.
Understanding these cultural nuances adds depth to your language learning journey and allows you to connect with Estonian speakers on a deeper level.
Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]
Now that we have covered the numbers from 1 to 100 in Estonian, it's time to put your knowledge to the test. Here are some practice exercises to help you reinforce what you have learned:
Exercise 1: Write the following numbers in Estonian:
1. Forty-two 2. Seventy-nine 3. Sixty-five 4. Twenty-eight 5. Ninety-three
Exercise 2: Translate the following numbers from Estonian to English:
1. Kaheksateist 2. Viiskümmend üks 3. Sada kolmkümmend seitse 4. Üheksakümmend üheksa 5. Nelikümmend kuus
Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks with the correct numbers in Estonian:
1. ____________ ja ____________ on seitsekümmend. 2. ____________ ja ____________ on kolmkümmend üks. 3. ____________ ja ____________ on üheksa. 4. ____________ ja ____________ on kakskümmend. 5. ____________ ja ____________ on nelikümmend üks.
Exercise Solutions[edit | edit source]
Here are the solutions to the practice exercises:
Exercise 1:
1. Nelikümmend kaks 2. Seitsekümmend üheksa 3. Kuuskümmend viis 4. Kakskümmend kaheksa 5. Üheksakümmend kolm
Exercise 2:
1. Eighteen 2. Fifty-one 3. One hundred thirty-seven 4. Ninety-nine 5. Forty-six
Exercise 3:
1. Kuus ja kolm on seitsekümmend. 2. Kaks ja üheksa on kolmkümmend üks. 3. Neli ja viis on üheksa. 4. Üks ja üheksa on kakskümmend. 5. Nelikümmend ja üks on nelikümmend üks.
Congratulations on completing the practice exercises! Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding of counting in Estonian.
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, we have explored the numbers from 1 to 100 in Standard Estonian. We began by learning the numbers from 1 to 10, which served as the foundation for constructing larger numbers. We then delved into counting from 11 to 100, understanding the patterns and unique aspects of Estonian numbers.
By mastering the numbers in Estonian, you will be able to confidently navigate various everyday situations, such as shopping, telling the time, and expressing age. Remember to practice regularly and apply your knowledge in real-life scenarios to solidify your understanding.
We hope you enjoyed this lesson and found it helpful on your journey to learning Standard Estonian. Keep up the great work, and soon you will be counting in Estonian like a native speaker!
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Education
- Count to 10
- Introducing Yourself
- Family
- Food and Drinks
- Feelings and Emotions
- Food
- Days of the Week
- Greetings and introductions
- Family and friends
◀️ Introducing Yourself — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Personal Pronouns ▶️ |