Difference between revisions of "Language/Spanish/Culture/Argentina-Timeline"

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'''1816''' : José de San Martin proclaims the independence of the viceroyalty of , a Spanish possession.  
{| class="wikitable"
 
|1816 : José de San Martin proclaims the independence of the viceroyalty of La Plata, a Spanish possession.  
'''1943''' : a junta of officers, including Juan Domingo Perón, seizes power.  
|-
 
|
'''1946''' : elected President of the Republic, Perón creates the "justicialist" doctrine, a mixture of nationalism, populism and social reformism.  
|-
 
|1943 : a junta of officers, including Juan Domingo Perón, seizes power.  
'''1955''' : Perón is overthrown in a military coup. A period of instability and political violence follows.  
|-
 
|
'''1973''' : Perón is reelected president. On his death, nine months later, his wife Isabel succeeded him.  
|-
 
|ADVERTISING
'''1976''' : military coup led by General Videla. Beginning of seven years of dictatorship marked by brutal repression against opponents (30,000 dead and "missing") and the establishment of an economic liberalization program.  
|-
 
|
'''1982''' : the debacle of the "Falklands War", launched by the junta against , and the disastrous state of the economy sound the retirement of the military junta. 
|-
 
|1946 : elected President of the Republic, Perón creates the "justicialist" doctrine, a mixture of nationalism, populism and social reformism.  
'''1983''' : election of the radical Raul Alfonsin.  
|-
 
|
'''1985''' : trial of the main leaders of the military junta. General Videla and Admiral Massera are sentenced to life imprisonment.  
|-
 
|
'''1986''' : the government votes the law of the "end point", then a year later, that of "due obedience", putting an end to the indictment of soldiers for violations of human rights during the dictatorship .  
{| class="wikitable"
 
|
'''1989''' : economic crisis. The vertiginous rise in prices provokes riots and looting. Peronist Carlos Menem is elected President of the Republic. 
|}
 
|-
'''1990''' : Carlos Menem pardons the last high-ranking soldiers still in prison. 
|La Loupe, the podcast
 
|-
'''1991-1996''' : the Minister of the Economy Domingo Cavallo manages to curb hyperinflation , by linking the Argentinian peso to the American dollar through a system of fixed parity ("convertibility"). In return, this policy leads to a marked slowdown in the economy and an increase in unemployment.  
|New ! Listen to the news more closely
 
|-
'''1999''' : the radical Fernando de la Rua is elected president at the head of a center-left coalition.  
|In the morning, from 6 a.m.
 
|-
'''2000'''
|
 
{| class="wikitable"
''''''May'''''' : program to reduce public spending by over $ 900 million to deal with the economic crisis .
|
 
|}
'''December''' : support plan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).  
|-
 
|I discover for free
'''2001'''
|-
 
|
''''''March'''''' : recalled to the Ministry of the Economy by President Fernando de la Rua, Domingo Cavallo obtains special powers from parliament. New austerity plan.
|-
 
|1955 :  Perón is overthrown in a military coup. A period of instability and  political violence follows.  
'''July''' : the "zero deficit law" provides for a reduction in the amount of pensions and the salary of civil servants.
|-
 
|
'''October''' : defeat of the majority in the legislative elections.
|-
 
|1973 : Perón  is reelected president. On his death, nine months later, his wife Isabel  succeeded him.  
'''November''' : public debt restructuring program.
|-
 
|
'''December'''
|-
 
|1976 : military coup led by General Videla. Beginning of seven years of dictatorship marked by brutal repression against opponents (30,000 dead and  "missing") and the establishment of an economic liberalization  program.  
'''1''' : the government restricts cash withdrawals to limit capital flight.
|-
 
|
'''5''' : the IMF refuses a disbursement of $ 1.2 billion for non-compliance with the economic reform program.
|-
 
|ADVERTISING
'''19/20''': President de la Rua decrees a state of siege to deal with an explosion of social violence, marked by looting in many parts of the country. The toll of the riots is 22 dead. Fernando de la Rua resigns.
|-
 
|
'''23''' : Adolfo Rodriguez Saà, elected interim president by Congress, declares a moratorium on debt, announces the creation of a new currency and the launch of a plan to create a million jobs.
|-
 
|1982 : the debacle of the "Falklands War", launched by the junta against  Great Britain, and the disastrous state of the economy sound the retirement  of the military junta.  
'''30''' : President Rodriguez Saa resigns following further protests . 
|-
 
|
'''2002'''
|-
 
|1983 : election of the radical Raul Alfonsin.  
'''January''' : Peronist Senator Eduardo Duhalde is elected President by Congress. He confirms the debt moratorium and announces the end of the economic model based on the peso-dollar parity. The IMF announces that it is granting a one-year grace period for its repayments.
|-
 
|
''''''December'''''' : receives the support of the seven most industrialized countries (G7) for the signing of an agreement with the IMF.  
|-
 
|1985 : trial  of the main leaders of the military junta. General Videla and Admiral  Massera are sentenced to life imprisonment.  
'''2003'''
|-
 
|
'''May''' : President Nestor Kirchner takes office . He announces that he will put an end to the impunity of the criminals of the dictatorship.
|-
 
|1986 : the government votes the law of the "end point", then a year later,  that of "due obedience", putting an end to the indictment of  soldiers for violations of human rights during the dictatorship .  
'''July''' : a judge orders the arrest of 45 former soldiers and a civilian, whose extradition is requested by . The next day, the government canceled a decree prohibiting the extradition of criminals from the military dictatorship.
|-
 
|
'''September''' : the former torturer Alfredo Astiz, whose extradition is requested by , is arrested in .
|-
 
|1989 : economic crisis. The vertiginous rise in prices provokes riots and  looting. Peronist Carlos Menem is elected President of the Republic.   
The IMF approves an agreement allowing to defer the repayment of loan capital owed to international financial institutions for three years. 
|-
 
|
'''2004'''
|-
 
|1990 : Carlos  Menem pardons the last high-ranking soldiers still in prison. 
'''March''' : Nestor Kirchner announces the creation of a  in the former (Esma), which was a torture center under the dictatorship, and asks forgiveness on behalf of the State for the crimes committed during this period.
|-
 
|
'''April''' : justice launches an international arrest warrant against Carlos Menem accused of "fraudulent administration of public funds". 
|-
 
|1991-1996 : the Minister of the Economy Domingo Cavallo manages to curb  hyperinflation , by linking the Argentinian peso to the American dollar  through a system of fixed parity ("convertibility"). In  return, this policy leads to a marked slowdown in the economy and an increase  in unemployment.  
'''2005'''
|-
 
|
'''February''' : renegotiates part of the private debt, at a level never reached by its magnitude (more than 100 billion if we take into account the interest) and by the discount: for each dollar loaned will be reimbursed only 35 cents.
|-
 
|1999 : the radical Fernando de la Rua is elected president at the head of  a center-left coalition.  
'''June''' : The Supreme Court declares unconstitutional the so-called "End point" and "Duty of obedience" amnesty laws which have allowed a thousand soldiers to escape justice.
|-
 
|
'''December''' : President Kirchner announces the early repayment of the debt of 9.8 billion dollars with the IMF. 
|-
 
|2000
'''May 2006''' :  files a complaint before the  in  against , which is building two pulp mills on the river separating the two countries, deemed polluting by . 
|-
 
|May : program to reduce public spending by over $ 900 million to deal with  the economic crisis .
'''2007'''
|-
 
|December : support plan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).  
'''January''' : former president Isabel Peron is arrested in Madrid , at the request of , in connection with an investigation into the disappearance of an opponent, during his presidency (1974-1976).
|-
 
|
'''May''' :  decides, with 5 other Latin American countries, to create a Bank of the South intended to improve the financial autonomy of the participating countries and to bypass the IMF and the World Bank.
|-
 
|2001
'''June''' : a right-wing candidate, Mauricio Macri, wins the with 61% of the vote against a minister of the Kirchner government.
|-
 
|March : recalled to the Ministry of the Economy by President Fernando de la Rua, Domingo Cavallo obtains special powers from  parliament. New austerity plan.
'''October''' : for the first time since the return of democracy, a priest, Christian von Wernich, is sentenced to life imprisonment for human rights violations committed during the military dictatorship.
|-
 
|July : the  "zero deficit law" provides for a reduction in the amount of pensions and the salary of civil servants.
Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner is elected President of the Republic, she succeeds her husband Nestor Kirchner in December. 
|-
 
|October : defeat  of the majority in the legislative elections.
'''2008'''
|-
 
|November : public  debt restructuring program.
''''''April'''''' : rejects the request for extradition from  of former president Isabel Peron , as part of the investigation into crimes committed in the 1970s.
|-
 
|December
'''July''' : government retreat on a plan to increase taxes on grain exports, which account for more than half of exports. This project led for more than four months to an unprecedented rebellion of the major soybean producers.
|-
 
|1 : the government restricts cash withdrawals to limit capital flight.
'''August''' : two generals are sentenced to life imprisonment for a crime committed during the dictatorship.
|-
 
|5 : the  IMF refuses a disbursement of $ 1.2 billion for non-compliance with the  economic reform program.
'''October''' : nationalization of the private pension systemin order to save pensions which plunged due to market turmoil. Opening of the trial of former President Carlos Menem for arms smuggling with  and .
|-
 
|19/20: President de  la Rua decrees a state of siege to deal with an explosion of social violence,  marked by looting in many parts of the country. The toll of the riots is  22 dead. Fernando de la Rua resigns.
'''November''' : the government announces an "anti-crisis" plan of support measures for businesses and public investments. Rumors that the Argentine government may fail to honor its debt deadlines in 2010 scare away Argentinian capital. 
|-
 
|23 : Adolfo  Rodriguez Saà, elected interim president by Congress, declares a moratorium  on debt, announces the creation of a new currency and the launch of a plan to  create a million jobs.
'''On the same subject'''
|-
 
|30 : President Rodriguez Saa resigns following further protests .  
'''2009'''
|-
 
|
''''''January'''''' : the government declares a state of emergency in the face of the worst drought the country has known in more than fifty years.
|-
 
|2002
''''''March'''''' : tax amnesty . Individuals and companies have six months to regularize their undeclared assets held abroad.
|-
 
|January : Peronist Senator Eduardo Duhalde is elected President by Congress. He  confirms the debt moratorium and announces the end of the economic model  based on the peso-dollar parity. The IMF announces that it is granting  Argentina a one-year grace period for its repayments.
Farmers are on strike again to protest the level of export taxes on soybeans.
|-
 
|December :  Argentina receives the support of the seven most industrialized countries  (G7) for the signing of an agreement with the IMF.  
'''June''' : electoral debacle of the majority in the mid-term legislative elections. The presidential party loses the majority in both chambers.
|-
 
|
'''December''' : trial in of former officer Alfredo Astiz, suspected of being involved in the disappearance of two French nuns. 
|-
 
|2003
'''2010'''
|-
 
|May : President  Nestor Kirchner takes office . He announces that he will put an end  to the impunity of the criminals of the dictatorship.
'''February''' :  announces the reinforcement of its controls on the boats going to the Falkland Islands to protest against the decision of to authorize the launching of oil drilling off the archipelago.
|-
 
|July : a  judge orders the arrest of 45 former soldiers and a civilian, whose  extradition is requested by Spain. The next day, the government canceled  a decree prohibiting the extradition of criminals from the military  dictatorship.
'''July''' :  becomes the first country in to allow same-sex marriage .
|-
 
|September : the former torturer Alfredo Astiz, whose extradition is requested  by France, is arrested in Buenos Aires.
'''December''' : Former dictator Jorge Videla , who ruled from 1976 to 1981, is sentenced to life in prison for murder, torture and kidnapping.  
|-
|The IMF  approves an agreement allowing Argentina to defer the repayment of loan  capital owed to international financial institutions for three years. 
|-
|
|-
|2004
|-
|March : Nestor Kirchner announces the creation of a Memory Museum in the former Marine Mechanics School (Esma), which was a torture center under the dictatorship,  and asks forgiveness on behalf of the State for the crimes committed during  this period.
|-
|April : justice launches an international arrest warrant against Carlos Menem accused  of "fraudulent administration of public funds". 
|-
|
|-
|2005
|-
|February :  Argentina renegotiates part of the private debt, at a level never reached by  its magnitude (more than 100 billion if we take into account the interest)  and by the discount: for each dollar loaned will be reimbursed only 35 cents.
|-
|June : The Supreme Court declares unconstitutional the so-called "End point"  and "Duty of obedience" amnesty laws which have allowed a thousand  soldiers to escape justice.
|-
|December : President Kirchner announces the early repayment of the debt of 9.8 billion  dollars with the IMF. 
|-
|
|-
|May  2006 :  Argentina files a complaint before the International Court in The Hague  against Uruguay, which is building two pulp mills on the river separating the  two countries, deemed polluting by Buenos Aires.  
|-
|
|-
|2007
|-
|January : former president Isabel Peron is arrested in Madrid , at the request of Buenos Aires, in connection with an investigation into the disappearance of an opponent, during his presidency (1974-1976).
|-
|May : Argentina decides, with 5 other Latin American countries, to create a Bank of the South intended to improve the financial autonomy of the participating  countries and to bypass the IMF and the World Bank.
|-
|June : a  right-wing candidate, Mauricio Macri, wins the city hall of Buenos Aires with  61% of the vote against a minister of the Kirchner government.
|-
|October : for the first time since the return of democracy, a priest, Christian  von Wernich, is sentenced to life imprisonment for human rights violations  committed during the military dictatorship.
|-
|Cristina  Fernandez de Kirchner is elected President of the Republic, she succeeds  her husband Nestor Kirchner in December. 
|-
|
|-
|2008
|-
|April : Spain rejects the request for extradition from Buenos Aires of former  president Isabel Peron , as part of the investigation into crimes  committed in the 1970s.
|-
|July : government retreat on a plan to increase taxes on grain exports, which  account for more than half of exports. This project led for more than  four months to an unprecedented rebellion of the major soybean  producers.
|-
|August : two  generals are sentenced to life imprisonment for a crime committed during the  dictatorship.
|-
|October : nationalization  of the private pension systemin order to save pensions which plunged due to  market turmoil. Opening of the trial of former President Carlos Menem  for arms smuggling with Ecuador and Croatia.
|-
|November : the  government announces an "anti-crisis" plan of support measures for  businesses and public investments. Rumors that the Argentine government  may fail to honor its debt deadlines in 2010 scare away Argentinian  capital. 
|-
| 
|-
|On the  same subject
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|The    Falklands, big losers from Brexit
|}
|-
|
|-
|
|-
|
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|The    impossible legacy of Diego Maradona
|}
|-
|
|-
|
|-
|
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|Abortion    in Argentina: "A very strong signal sent to ...
|}
|-
|
|-
|
|-
|
|-
|
|-
|2009
|-
|January :  the government declares a state of emergency in the face of the  worst drought the country has known in more than fifty years.
|-
|March : tax  amnesty . Individuals and companies have six months to regularize  their undeclared assets held abroad.
|-
|Farmers  are on strike again to protest the level of export taxes on soybeans.
|-
|June : electoral  debacle of the majority in the mid-term legislative elections. The  presidential party loses the majority in both chambers.
|-
|December :  trial in Buenos Aires of former officer Alfredo Astiz, suspected of  being involved in the disappearance of two French nuns. 
|-
|
|-
|2010
|-
|February : Argentina announces the reinforcement of its controls on the boats going to the Falkland Islands to protest against the decision of London  to authorize the launching of oil drilling off the archipelago.
|-
|July :  Argentina becomes the first country in Latin America to allow same-sex marriage .
|-
|December : Former dictator Jorge Videla , who ruled Argentina from 1976 to 1981, is sentenced to life in prison for murder, torture and kidnapping. 
|}

Revision as of 19:12, 6 December 2021

1816 : José de San Martin proclaims the independence of the viceroyalty of La Plata, a Spanish possession.  
1943 : a junta of officers, including Juan Domingo Perón, seizes power.  
ADVERTISING
1946 : elected President of the Republic, Perón creates the "justicialist" doctrine, a mixture of nationalism, populism and social reformism.  
La Loupe, the podcast
New ! Listen to the news more closely
In the morning, from 6 a.m.
I discover for free
1955 : Perón is overthrown in a military coup. A period of instability and political violence follows.  
1973 : Perón is reelected president. On his death, nine months later, his wife Isabel succeeded him.  
1976 : military coup led by General Videla. Beginning of seven years of dictatorship marked by brutal repression against opponents (30,000 dead and "missing") and the establishment of an economic liberalization program.  
ADVERTISING
1982 : the debacle of the "Falklands War", launched by the junta against Great Britain, and the disastrous state of the economy sound the retirement of the military junta.  
1983 : election of the radical Raul Alfonsin.  
1985 : trial of the main leaders of the military junta. General Videla and Admiral Massera are sentenced to life imprisonment.  
1986 : the government votes the law of the "end point", then a year later, that of "due obedience", putting an end to the indictment of soldiers for violations of human rights during the dictatorship .  
1989 : economic crisis. The vertiginous rise in prices provokes riots and looting. Peronist Carlos Menem is elected President of the Republic.  
1990 : Carlos Menem pardons the last high-ranking soldiers still in prison. 
1991-1996 : the Minister of the Economy Domingo Cavallo manages to curb hyperinflation , by linking the Argentinian peso to the American dollar through a system of fixed parity ("convertibility"). In return, this policy leads to a marked slowdown in the economy and an increase in unemployment.  
1999 : the radical Fernando de la Rua is elected president at the head of a center-left coalition.  
2000
May : program to reduce public spending by over $ 900 million to deal with the economic crisis .
December : support plan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).  
2001
March : recalled to the Ministry of the Economy by President Fernando de la Rua, Domingo Cavallo obtains special powers from parliament. New austerity plan.
July : the "zero deficit law" provides for a reduction in the amount of pensions and the salary of civil servants.
October : defeat of the majority in the legislative elections.
November : public debt restructuring program.
December
1 : the government restricts cash withdrawals to limit capital flight.
5 : the IMF refuses a disbursement of $ 1.2 billion for non-compliance with the economic reform program.
19/20: President de la Rua decrees a state of siege to deal with an explosion of social violence, marked by looting in many parts of the country. The toll of the riots is 22 dead. Fernando de la Rua resigns.
23 : Adolfo Rodriguez Saà, elected interim president by Congress, declares a moratorium on debt, announces the creation of a new currency and the launch of a plan to create a million jobs.
30 : President Rodriguez Saa resigns following further protests .  
2002
January : Peronist Senator Eduardo Duhalde is elected President by Congress. He confirms the debt moratorium and announces the end of the economic model based on the peso-dollar parity. The IMF announces that it is granting Argentina a one-year grace period for its repayments.
December : Argentina receives the support of the seven most industrialized countries (G7) for the signing of an agreement with the IMF.  
2003
May : President Nestor Kirchner takes office . He announces that he will put an end to the impunity of the criminals of the dictatorship.
July : a judge orders the arrest of 45 former soldiers and a civilian, whose extradition is requested by Spain. The next day, the government canceled a decree prohibiting the extradition of criminals from the military dictatorship.
September : the former torturer Alfredo Astiz, whose extradition is requested by France, is arrested in Buenos Aires.
The IMF approves an agreement allowing Argentina to defer the repayment of loan capital owed to international financial institutions for three years. 
2004
March : Nestor Kirchner announces the creation of a Memory Museum in the former Marine Mechanics School (Esma), which was a torture center under the dictatorship, and asks forgiveness on behalf of the State for the crimes committed during this period.
April : justice launches an international arrest warrant against Carlos Menem accused of "fraudulent administration of public funds". 
2005
February : Argentina renegotiates part of the private debt, at a level never reached by its magnitude (more than 100 billion if we take into account the interest) and by the discount: for each dollar loaned will be reimbursed only 35 cents.
June : The Supreme Court declares unconstitutional the so-called "End point" and "Duty of obedience" amnesty laws which have allowed a thousand soldiers to escape justice.
December : President Kirchner announces the early repayment of the debt of 9.8 billion dollars with the IMF. 
May 2006 : Argentina files a complaint before the International Court in The Hague against Uruguay, which is building two pulp mills on the river separating the two countries, deemed polluting by Buenos Aires.  
2007
January : former president Isabel Peron is arrested in Madrid , at the request of Buenos Aires, in connection with an investigation into the disappearance of an opponent, during his presidency (1974-1976).
May : Argentina decides, with 5 other Latin American countries, to create a Bank of the South intended to improve the financial autonomy of the participating countries and to bypass the IMF and the World Bank.
June : a right-wing candidate, Mauricio Macri, wins the city hall of Buenos Aires with 61% of the vote against a minister of the Kirchner government.
October : for the first time since the return of democracy, a priest, Christian von Wernich, is sentenced to life imprisonment for human rights violations committed during the military dictatorship.
Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner is elected President of the Republic, she succeeds her husband Nestor Kirchner in December. 
2008
April : Spain rejects the request for extradition from Buenos Aires of former president Isabel Peron , as part of the investigation into crimes committed in the 1970s.
July : government retreat on a plan to increase taxes on grain exports, which account for more than half of exports. This project led for more than four months to an unprecedented rebellion of the major soybean producers.
August : two generals are sentenced to life imprisonment for a crime committed during the dictatorship.
October : nationalization of the private pension systemin order to save pensions which plunged due to market turmoil. Opening of the trial of former President Carlos Menem for arms smuggling with Ecuador and Croatia.
November : the government announces an "anti-crisis" plan of support measures for businesses and public investments. Rumors that the Argentine government may fail to honor its debt deadlines in 2010 scare away Argentinian capital. 
 
On the same subject
The Falklands, big losers from Brexit
The impossible legacy of Diego Maradona
Abortion in Argentina: "A very strong signal sent to ...
2009
January : the government declares a state of emergency in the face of the worst drought the country has known in more than fifty years.
March : tax amnesty . Individuals and companies have six months to regularize their undeclared assets held abroad.
Farmers are on strike again to protest the level of export taxes on soybeans.
June : electoral debacle of the majority in the mid-term legislative elections. The presidential party loses the majority in both chambers.
December : trial in Buenos Aires of former officer Alfredo Astiz, suspected of being involved in the disappearance of two French nuns. 
2010
February : Argentina announces the reinforcement of its controls on the boats going to the Falkland Islands to protest against the decision of London to authorize the launching of oil drilling off the archipelago.
July : Argentina becomes the first country in Latin America to allow same-sex marriage .
December : Former dictator Jorge Videla , who ruled Argentina from 1976 to 1981, is sentenced to life in prison for murder, torture and kidnapping. 
Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Spanish/Culture/Argentina-Timeline&oldid=118215"