Language/Russian/Vocabulary/Common-adjectives
Russian Vocabulary: Common Adjectives
This page is dedicated to teaching common adjectives in the Russian language. It includes a variety of adjectives that are frequently used in everyday conversation.
Introduction
Russian adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify. This section provides an overview of this concept with examples.
- Example
- хороший (good - masculine)
- хорошая (good - feminine)
- хорошее (good - neuter)
- хорошие (good - plural)
List of Common Adjectives
Below is a list of common Russian adjectives with their English translations. Each adjective is presented in its masculine form.
- Positive Adjectives
-
- Красивый (beautiful)
- Умный (smart)
- Быстрый (fast)
- Сильный (strong)
- Забавный (funny)
- Negative Adjectives
-
- Плохой (bad)
- Слабый (weak)
- Медленный (slow)
- Грустный (sad)
- Трудный (difficult)
Adjective Declension
This section explains how adjectives change form depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun they modify.
- Declension Table
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | хороший | хорошая | хорошее | хорошие |
| Accusative | хороший | хорошую | хорошее | хорошие |
| Genitive | хорошего | хорошей | хорошего | хороших |
| Dative | хорошему | хорошей | хорошему | хорошим |
| Instrumental | хорошим | хорошей | хорошим | хорошими |
| Prepositional | хорошем | хорошей | хорошем | хороших |
Practice Exercises
Include a section with practice exercises to help learners practice using these adjectives in sentences.
- Exercise 1
- Translate the following sentences from English to Russian.
- "The fast dog runs."
- "She is a beautiful woman."
- "They are happy children."
- Exercise 2
- Conjugate the following adjectives to match the noun they modify.
- "big (большой) house"
- "interesting (интересный) book"
- "old (старый) man"
Solutions to Practice Exercises
Exercise 1: Translate the following sentences from English to Russian
1. "The fast dog runs."
: Russian Translation: "Быстрая собака бежит." :: Note: "Быстрая" is the feminine form of "быстрый" because "собака" (dog) is a feminine noun in Russian.
2. "She is a beautiful woman."
: Russian Translation: "Она красивая женщина." :: Note: "Красивая" is the feminine form of "красивый" to agree with "женщина" (woman), which is feminine.
3. "They are happy children."
: Russian Translation: "Они счастливые дети." :: Note: "Счастливые" is the plural form of "счастливый" to agree with "дети" (children), which is plural.
Exercise 2: Conjugate the following adjectives to match the noun they modify
1. "big (большой) house"
: Conjugated Form: "большой дом" :: Note: "Большой" remains in its masculine form because "дом" (house) is masculine.
2. "interesting (интересный) book"
: Conjugated Form: "интересная книга" :: Note: "Интересная" is the feminine form of "интересный" since "книга" (book) is feminine.
3. "old (старый) man"
: Conjugated Form: "старый мужчина" :: Note: "Старый" stays in its masculine form to match "мужчина" (man), which is masculine.
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