Difference between revisions of "Language/Polish/Grammar/Past-Tense"

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==Examples==
==Examples==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
|'''<big>English</big>'''
|'''<big>POLISH</big>'''
|'''<big>Polish</big>'''
|'''<big>PRONUNCIATION IN</big>'''
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
|'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|-
|
| colspan="2" |
|
=== To love ===
|
|
|-
|-
|'''I loved'''
|'''I loved'''
|'''<big>Já kochałem</big>'''
|'''<big>Já kochałem</big>'''
|'''''yah koh how ehm'''''
|'''Eu amava'''
|-
|-
|'''You loved'''
|'''You loved'''
|'''<big>Ty  kochałeś</big>'''
|'''<big>Ty  kochałeś</big>'''
|'''''teh koh hou ehsh'''''
|'''Você amava'''
|-
|-
|'''He loved'''
|'''He loved'''
|'''<big>On  kochał</big>'''
|'''<big>On  kochał</big>'''
|'''''ohn koh how'''''
|'''Ele amava'''
|-
|-
|'''We loved'''
|'''We loved'''
|'''<big>My  kochaliśmy</big>'''
|'''<big>My  kochaliśmy</big>'''
|'''''meh koh hah lihsh meh'''''
|'''Nós amávamos'''
|-
|-
|'''You loved'''
|'''You loved'''
|'''<big>Wy  kochaliście</big>'''
|'''<big>Wy  kochaliście</big>'''
|'''''veh koh hah lihsh cheh'''''
|'''Vocês amavam'''
|-
|-
|'''They loved'''
|'''They loved'''
|'''<big>Oni  kochali</big>'''
|'''<big>Oni  kochali</big>'''
|'''''oh nih koh hah lih'''''
|'''Eles amavam'''
|-
|-
|
| colspan="2" |
|'''<big> </big>'''
=== To speak ===
|
|''' '''
|-
|
|'''<big> </big>'''
|
|''' '''
|-
|-
|'''I spoke'''
|'''I spoke'''
|'''<big>Já mówiłem</big>'''
|'''<big>Já mówiłem</big>'''
|'''''yah mou vih ou  ehm'''''
|'''Eu falava'''
|-
|-
|'''You spoke'''
|'''You spoke'''
|'''<big>Ty  mówiłeś</big>'''
|'''<big>Ty  mówiłeś</big>'''
|'''''teh mou vih ou  ehsh'''''
|'''Você falava'''
|-
|-
|'''He spoke'''
|'''He spoke'''
|'''<big>On  mówił</big>'''
|'''<big>On  mówił</big>'''
|'''''ohn mou vih ou'''''
|'''Ele falava'''
|-
|-
|'''We spoke'''
|'''We spoke'''
|'''<big>My  mówiliśmy</big>'''
|'''<big>My  mówiliśmy</big>'''
|'''''meh mou vih  lihsh meh'''''
|'''Nós falávamos'''
|-
|-
|'''You spoke'''
|'''You spoke'''
|'''<big>Wy  mówiliście</big>'''
|'''<big>Wy  mówiliście</big>'''
|'''''veh mou vih  lihsh cheh'''''
|'''Vocês falavam'''
|-
|-
|'''They spoke'''
|'''They spoke'''
|'''<big>Oni  mówili</big>'''
|'''<big>Oni  mówili</big>'''
|'''''oh nih mou vih  lih'''''
|'''Eles falavam'''
|-
|-
|
| colspan="2" |
|'''<big> </big>'''
=== To sleep ===
|
|''' '''
|-
|
|'''<big> </big>'''
|
|''' '''
|-
|-
|'''I slept'''
|'''I slept'''
|'''<big>Já spałem</big>'''
|'''<big>Já spałem</big>'''
|'''''yah spah ou ehm'''''
|'''Eu dormia'''
|-
|-
|'''You slept'''
|'''You slept'''
|'''<big>Ty  spałeś</big>'''
|'''<big>Ty  spałeś</big>'''
|'''''teh spah ou ehsh'''''
|'''Você dormia'''
|-
|-
|'''He slept'''
|'''He slept'''
|'''<big>On  spał</big>'''
|'''<big>On  spał</big>'''
|'''''ohn spah ou'''''
|'''Ele dormia'''
|-
|-
|'''We slept'''
|'''We slept'''
|'''<big>My  spaliśmy</big>'''
|'''<big>My  spaliśmy</big>'''
|'''''meh spah lihsh  meh'''''
|'''Nós dormíamos'''
|-
|-
|'''You slept'''
|'''You slept'''
|'''<big>Wy  spaliście</big>'''
|'''<big>Wy  spaliście</big>'''
|'''''veh spah lihsh  cheh'''''
|'''Vocês dormiam'''
|-
|-
|'''They slept'''
|'''They slept'''
|'''<big>Oni  spali</big>'''
|'''<big>Oni  spali</big>'''
|'''''oh nih spah lih'''''
|'''Eles dormiam'''
|-
|
|'''<big> </big>'''
|
|''' '''
|-
|-
|
| colspan="2" |
|'''<big> </big>'''
=== To eat ===
|
|''' '''
|-
|-
|'''I ate'''
|'''I ate'''
|'''<big>Já jadłem</big>'''
|'''<big>Já jadłem</big>'''
|'''''yah yah dou ehm'''''
|'''Eu comia'''
|-
|-
|'''You ate'''
|'''You ate'''
|'''<big>Ty  jadłeś</big>'''
|'''<big>Ty  jadłeś</big>'''
|'''''teh jah dou ehsh'''''
|'''Você comia'''
|-
|-
|'''He ate'''
|'''He ate'''
|'''<big>On  jadł</big>'''
|'''<big>On  jadł</big>'''
|'''''ohn yah dou'''''
|'''Ele comia'''
|-
|-
|'''We ate'''
|'''We ate'''
|'''<big>My  jedliśmy</big>'''
|'''<big>My  jedliśmy</big>'''
|'''''meh yeh dlihsh  meh'''''
|'''Nós comiamos'''
|-
|-
|'''You ate'''
|'''You ate'''
|'''<big>Wy  jedliście</big>'''
|'''<big>Wy  jedliście</big>'''
|'''''veh yeh dlihsh  cheh'''''
|'''Vocês comiam'''
|-
|-
|'''They ate'''
|'''They ate'''
|'''<big>Oni  jedli</big>'''
|'''<big>Oni  jedli</big>'''
|'''''oh nih yeh dlih'''''
|'''Eles comiam'''
|}
|}

Revision as of 19:54, 30 December 2021

Past Tense in Polish
Poland-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png

Hi Polish Learners! 😃


➡ In today's lesson we will learn How to construct the PAST TENSE in Polish.


Happy learning!

Introduction

Like the Polish Future Tense, the Polish Past Tense has two aspects, perfective and imperfective, and is shown with the same pairs.

Polish past tense will tell you person, number, gender, and aspect.

Basic rules

Basic rules are as follows: Directly after the verb stem, you can have e (or nothing) which indicate the person or object is masculine, a, which indicates feminine.

There's also i which indicates at least one or more Animate/living male persons, or y which indicates no animate/living male persons. Directly after these you may have m, which indicates first person, ś which indicates second, nothing, which indicates third singular or third plural, śmy which indicates first plural, or ście, which is second plural.

Polish language-past tense - perfective and imperfective

Singular Number

  • 1st person: masculine, feminine
  • 2nd person: masculine, feminine
  • 3rd person: masculine, feminine, neuter

Plural Number

  • 1st person: masculine , not masculine
  • 2nd person: masculine, not masculine
  • 3rd person: masculine, not masculine


For clarity, examples will be given below.

Perfective: Zrobić

Singular

Singular Male Female Neuter
1st (ja) Zrobiłem Zrobiłam
2nd (ty) Zrobiłeś Zrobiłaś
3rd (on, ona, ono) Zrobił Zrobiła Zrobiło

Plural

Plural masculine (męskoosobowy) not masculine (niemęskoosobowy)
1st (my) Zrobiliśmy Zrobiłyście
2nd (wy) Zrobiliście Zrobiłyście
3rd (oni/one) Zrobili Zrobiły

Imperfective: Próbować

Singular

Singular Male Female Neuter
1st (ja) Próbowałem Próbowałam
2nd (ty) Próbowałeś Próbowałaś
3rd (on, ona, ono) Próbował Próbowała Próbowało

Plural

Plural masculine (męskoosobowy) not masculine (niemęskoosobowy)
1st (my) Próbowaliśmy Próbowałyście
2nd (wy) Próbowaliście Próbowałyście
3rd (oni/one) Próbowali Próbowały

Examples

English Polish

To love

I loved Já kochałem
You loved Ty kochałeś
He loved On kochał
We loved My kochaliśmy
You loved Wy kochaliście
They loved Oni kochali

To speak

I spoke Já mówiłem
You spoke Ty mówiłeś
He spoke On mówił
We spoke My mówiliśmy
You spoke Wy mówiliście
They spoke Oni mówili

To sleep

I slept Já spałem
You slept Ty spałeś
He slept On spał
We slept My spaliśmy
You slept Wy spaliście
They slept Oni spali

To eat

I ate Já jadłem
You ate Ty jadłeś
He ate On jadł
We ate My jedliśmy
You ate Wy jedliście
They ate Oni jedli
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