Language/Norwegian-bokmal/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns

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Norwegian Bokmål → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns are essential components of any language, as they help us refer to people without constantly repeating their names. In Norwegian Bokmål, personal pronouns are divided into subject and object pronouns. This lesson will introduce you to the personal pronouns in Norwegian Bokmål, along with some basic rules for their usage.

Finish this lesson and explore these related pages: Basic Sentence Structure & Future tense verbs.

Subject Pronouns

Subject pronouns are used as the subject of a sentence, i.e., the person or thing performing the action of the verb. In Norwegian Bokmål, the subject pronouns are as follows:

1. jeg (I)
2. du (you, singular and informal)
3. han (he)
4. hun (she)
5. den/det (it) - "den" is used for masculine and feminine nouns, and "det" for neuter nouns.
6. vi (we)
7. dere (you, plural and/or formal)
8. de (they)

Examples:

a. Jeg spiser frokost. (I eat breakfast.) b. Du leser en bok. (You read a book.) c. Han løper. (He runs.) d. Hun synger. (She sings.) e. Vi arbeider sammen. (We work together.) f. Dere bor i Oslo. (You live in Oslo.) g. De studerer norsk. (They study Norwegian.)

Object Pronouns

Object pronouns are used as the object of a sentence, i.e., the person or thing affected by the action of the verb. The object pronouns in Norwegian Bokmål are as follows:

1. meg (me)
2. deg (you, singular and informal)
3. ham (him)
4. henne (her)
5. den/det (it) - "den" is used for masculine and feminine nouns, and "det" for neuter nouns.
6. oss (us)
7. dere (you, plural and/or formal)
8. dem (them)

Examples:

a. Hun liker meg. (She likes me.) b. Jeg ser deg. (I see you.) c. De besøkte ham. (They visited him.) d. Han hjalp henne. (He helped her.) e. Vi kjøpte den. (We bought it - masculine/feminine noun.) f. Hun fant det. (She found it - neuter noun.) g. De inviterte oss. (They invited us.) h. Du kjenner dem. (You know them.)

Reflexive Pronoun

In Norwegian Bokmål, the reflexive pronoun "seg" is used for all third person forms (singular and plural) when the subject and object of a verb are the same:

i. Han vasker seg. (He washes himself.) j. Hun kler seg. (She dresses herself.) k. De liker seg i Norge. (They like themselves in Norway.)

Conclusion

Personal pronouns play a vital role in everyday communication in Norwegian Bokmål. By understanding the differences between subject and object pronouns and practicing their use, you will be well on your way to becoming more proficient in the language. Remember to pay attention to the context and the appropriate level of formality when using personal pronouns in Norwegian.

Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: Pronouns & Question Words.

Table of Contents - Norwegian Bokmål Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

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Introduction to Norwegian Bokmål

• Alphabet and Pronunciation
• Basic Sentence Structure

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Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

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Nouns and Pronouns

• Gender and Definite Articles
• Personal Pronouns

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Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-100
• Telling Time

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Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense

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Daily Activities

• Daily Routine
• Hobbies and Interests

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Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjective Agreement
• Comparatives and Superlatives

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Food and Drink

• Common Foods
• Eating Out

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Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Common Prepositions
• Coordinating Conjunctions

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Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

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Questions and Negation

• Question Words
• Negation

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Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Expressing Emotions

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Norwegian Customs and Traditions

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Etiquette and Social Norms

Other Lessons

• 0 to A1 Course
• Give your Opinion
• Relative clauses
• Common Prepositions
• Adjective Agreement
• Coordinating Conjunctions
• Personal pronouns
• Past Tense
• Present tense verbs
• Negation

◀️ Gender and Definite Articles — Previous Lesson

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