Language/Northern-uzbek/Grammar/Adjective-Agreement
Introduction
Hello, and welcome to the "Complete 0 to A1 Northern Uzbek Course". In this lesson, we will learn about "Adjective Agreement". Adjectives are used to describe or modify nouns, and in Uzbek, adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in number and case.
Let's take a look at some examples:
- Oq kitoblar – White books
- Katta uy – Big house
- Tom oshxonalar – Full restaurants
As you can see in the examples above, the adjectives agree with the nouns in gender and number.
Agreement of Number
In Uzbek, adjectives agree with the noun they modify in number. This means that the adjective changes its ending depending on whether the noun is singular or plural. The rules for adjective agreement in number are as follows:
- If the noun is singular, the adjective remains in its base form.
- If the noun is plural, the adjective adds the suffix "lar" to its base form.
Here are some examples:
| Northern Uzbek | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Oq kitob | [ɔq kiːtob] | White book |
| Oq kitoblar | [ɔq kiːtobˈlar] | White books |
| Katta uy | [kaːtˈta uj] | Big house |
| Katta uy-lar | [kaːtˈta ujˈlar] | Big houses |
| Tom oshxona | [tom oʃxona] | Full restaurant |
| Tom oshxona-lar | [tom oʃxonaˈlar] | Full restaurants |
As you can see in the examples above, when the noun is plural, the adjective adds the suffix "lar" to its base form to indicate plurality.
Agreement of Case
In Uzbek, adjectives also agree with the noun they modify in case. This means that the adjective changes its ending depending on the case of the noun it modifies. The rules for adjective agreement in case are as follows:
- If the noun is in the nominative case, the adjective remains in its base form.
- If the noun is in any other case, the adjective adds the suffix "-ni" to its base form.
Here are some examples:
| Northern Uzbek | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Katta uy | [kaːtˈta uj] | Big house |
| Katta uyni | [kaːtˈta ujˈni] | Of the big house |
| Katta uyga | [kaːtˈta ujˈɡa] | To the big house |
| Katta uydagi | [kaːtˈta ujdaˈɡi] | In the big house |
As you can see in the examples above, when the noun is in the accusative, genitive, or dative case, the adjective adds the suffix "-ni" to its base form to agree in case.
Conclusion
Congratulations! You have learned about adjective agreement in Northern Uzbek. Remember, adjectives agree with the noun they modify in both number and case. With this knowledge, you can now accurately describe the world around you in Uzbek. Keep up the good work!
Related Lessons
- Plurals
- How to Use Have
- Accusative case
- Expressing a desire fo an action
- Conditional Mood
- Future Tense
- How to Use Be
- Present Continuous Tense
- Passive Voice
- Orthographic rules