Language/Halh-mongolian/Vocabulary/Cardinal-Numbers
Introduction
In this lesson, you will learn the cardinal numbers in Halh Mongolian and how to use them in counting and expressing quantities. Cardinal numbers are used to denote quantity and are an important part of everyday communication, whether you are shopping, cooking, or simply talking about your day.
Learning the cardinal numbers is one of the first steps in mastering Halh Mongolian, as they form the basis of more complex numerical expressions and calculations. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to count from 1 to 10 in Halh Mongolian, understand how to form larger numbers, and use the numbers in everyday contexts.
Cardinal Numbers 1 to 10
Let's start with the basic cardinal numbers from 1 to 10 in Halh Mongolian.
| Halh Mongolian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| нэг | "neg" | one |
| хоёр | "khoyor" | two |
| гурав | "gurav" | three |
| дөрөв | "döröv" | four |
| тав | "tav" | five |
| зургаа | "zurgaa" | six |
| долоо | "doloo" | seven |
| найм | "naim" | eight |
| ес | "yes" | nine |
| арван | "arvan" | ten |
As you can see, the pronunciation of the numbers is written using the Latin script. Halh Mongolian also has its own script, which you learned in the previous lessons.
Forming Larger Numbers
To form larger numbers in Halh Mongolian, you can simply combine the smaller numbers together. For example, to express the number 23, you can say "хоёр зуун", which literally means "two ten and three". Here are a few examples:
- 13 - гурван нэг
- 56 - тав зургаа
- 89 - найман долоо
Notice how the number for ten changes from "арван" to "нэг зуун" (literally "one ten") and so on. You can use this pattern to express any number in Halh Mongolian.
Using Cardinal Numbers in Context
Now that you know the basic cardinal numbers in Halh Mongolian, let's look at some examples of how to use them in context:
- "Нэг гэрт 3 хүн байна." - There are three people in one house.
- "Та 5 талбай авна уу?" - Will you take 5 hectares?
- "Долоо нурууны цаг цагийн байдлаа өөрчлөх." - The time on the clock needs to change by 7 minutes.
You can see that the cardinal numbers are used to denote quantity in different contexts, from describing the number of people in a house to expressing the measurement of land or time.
Practice
To practice using the cardinal numbers in Halh Mongolian, try the following exercises:
- Translate the following numbers into Halh Mongolian:
- 12
- 27
- 41
- 99
- Use the following prompts to make sentences in Halh Mongolian:
- "Та хэдэн гурав амьтан авсан вэ?"
- "Баг хоёр гэж юу вэ?"
- "Энэ тойрог дахин тэгш болно."
Conclusion
Congratulations! You have learned the basic cardinal numbers in Halh Mongolian and how to use them to express quantities. These numbers are essential for everyday communication, so keep practicing until you feel confident using them in different contexts. In the next lesson, you will learn about ordinal numbers and how they are used to express order and ranking in Halh Mongolian.
Related Lessons
- Fruits
- Family and Relationships
- Dining Phrases
- At the Post Office
- Business and Economy
- Days of the week
- Clothes
- Telling Time
- Seasons
- Nature