Language/Basque/Grammar/Adverbs

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Basque → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjectives and Adverbs → Adverbs

Introduction

Congratulations on reaching the Adverbs section of our Complete 0 to A1 Basque Course! In this lesson, we will dive into the world of adverbs, which are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Adverbs can provide important information about the manner, place, or time in which an action is performed. By understanding adverbs, you will be able to describe actions more accurately and make your Basque language skills more precise.

Formation of Adverbs

As we mentioned earlier, adverbs modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs, and they can be formed in a variety of ways. Here are some common ways that adverbs can be formed in Basque:

Adding -ki to Adjectives

One way of creating adverbs from adjectives is to add the suffix -ki to the adjective. This suffix can be added directly to the stem of the adjective. Here are some examples:

Basque	Pronunciation	English
oso	oso-ki	very
laster	laster-ki	quickly
ongi	ongi-ki	well
luze	luze-ki	lengthily

Using Noun + Postposition Combination

Another way of creating adverbs is by combining a noun with a postposition. This is a very common and flexible way of forming adverbs in Basque. Here are some examples:

Basque	Pronunciation	English
gauez	gaw-etz	at night
egunero	eguner-o	daily
gaur	gawr	today
berantegi	berant-egi	often

Adding -an to Nouns

You can also create adverbs by adding the suffix -an to a noun. This creates an adverb of place or location, and it indicates where an action is performed. Here are some examples:

Basque	Pronunciation	English
etxean	etx-ean	at home
buletan	bulet-an	in the office
kanpokoan	kanpo-ko-an	outside
gurekin	gure-kin	with us

Usage of Adverbs

Now that we have covered different ways to form adverbs, it's time to look at how they are used in Basque. In general, adverbs provide additional information about an action, and they can be used to describe the manner, place, or time in which the action is performed.

Adverbs of Time

Adverbs of time modify verbs by indicating when the action is performed. Here are some examples of adverbs of time in Basque:

Basque	Pronunciation	English
gaur	gawr	today
atzo	atz-o	yesterday
bihar	bih-ar	tomorrow
orain	orain	now

Adverbs of Manner

Adverbs of manner modify adjectives or verbs by indicating how the action is performed. Here are some examples of adverbs of manner in Basque:

Basque	Pronunciation	English
laster	laster	quickly
ondo	ondo	well, good
txarto	tchar-to	badly, wrong
pare-pare	pare-pare	evenly

Adverbs of Place

Adverbs of place modify verbs or adjectives by indicating where the action is performed. Here are some examples of adverbs of place in Basque:

Basque	Pronunciation	English
hemen	hem-en	here
han	han	there
bertan	bert-an	over there
aldean	alde-an	on this side, here

Placement of Adverbs

In Basque, adverbs can be placed in different positions within a sentence, depending on the specific adverb and the type of sentence. Here are some general rules:

- Adverbs of manner usually come after the verb, but they can also come before the verb in emphasizing the manner in which an action is performed.

- Adverbs of time usually come at the beginning of a sentence, or after the subject and before the verb.

- Adverbs of place can come at different places in a sentence, but they usually follow the verb.

Here are some examples:

Txarren lan egin da txiki-ki
He has done the work badly (lit. The work has been done badly small-ly)

Bihar ez dut norbaitek ikusiko
Tomorrow no one will see me (lit. Tomorrow no-one will see me someone-not see-will)

Mutikoak etxetik kanpora joan da
The boy has gone out from home (lit. Boy-the from-home to-out gone has)

Conclusion

By mastering adverbs, you will be able to describe actions more accurately and make your Basque more precise. Adverbs are an essential part of the Basque language, and by practicing their use, you will be able to convey your thoughts and ideas more clearly to others.

Table of Contents - Basque Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Introduction to Basque Language

Greetings and Introductions

Nouns and Articles

Numbers and Counting

Pronouns and Verb Conjugation

Days, Months, and Seasons

Questions and Negation

Family and Relationships

Adjectives and Adverbs

Food and Dining

Prepositions and Conjunctions

Travel and Transportation

Basque Culture and Traditions

Other Lessons

Sources

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