Difference between revisions of "Language/Assamese/Grammar/Vowels-and-Consonants"

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{{Assamese-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Assamese|Assamese]]  → [[Language/Assamese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Assamese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Assamese Script → Vowels and Consonants</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Assamese|Assamese]]  → [[Language/Assamese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Assamese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Assamese Script → Vowels and Consonants</div>


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Assamese is a rich and vibrant language, spoken by millions of people in the Northeastern region of India. The Assamese script is derived from the Brahmi script and has its roots in ancient Sanskrit. Over the centuries, Assamese has grown and evolved, becoming a language capable of expressing complex thoughts and ideas. This lesson aims to introduce you to the basic Assamese vowels and consonants, helping you to develop a foundational understanding of the language.
== Introduction ==
 
Welcome to the lesson on Assamese Script! In this lesson, we will explore the basics of Assamese vowels and consonants. Understanding these fundamental building blocks of the Assamese script is crucial for developing a strong foundation in the language. We will cover the pronunciation of each vowel and consonant, as well as provide examples of words that utilize these characters. So let's dive in and discover the beauty of the Assamese script!


== Assamese Vowels ==
== Assamese Vowels ==
Assamese has a total of 11 vowels. These vowels are divided into short and long sounds. The short vowels are represented by single characters, while the long vowels are represented by a combination of two characters. Let's explore each vowel in detail:


Assamese has ten basic vowels, each with a distinct sound. They are:
=== Short Vowels ===
 
Here are the short vowel characters in Assamese along with their pronunciations and English translations:
* অ
* আ
* ই
* ঈ
* উ
* ঊ
* ঋ
* ৠ
* এ
* ঐ
* ও
* ঔ
 
It is important to note that Assamese vowels are pronounced in a similar way to their counterparts in Hindi and other Indian languages. Let's take a closer look at each vowel and its pronunciation:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Assamese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Assamese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| অ || [ɔ] or [o] || "o" as in "dog" or "awe"
| অ || [ɔ] || a
|-
|-
| আ || [ɑ] or [a] || "a" as in "father" or "ah"
| আ || [a] || aa
|-
|-
| ই || [i] || "ee" as in "beet"
| ই || [i] || i
|-
|-
| ঈ || [i:] || "ee" as in "beet" (longer)
| ঈ || [i:] || ee
|-
|-
| উ || [u] || "u" as in "boot"
| উ || [u] || u
|-
|-
| ঊ || [u:] || "u" as in "boot" (longer)
| ঊ || [u:] || oo
|-
|-
| ঋ || [rɪ] || rolled "r" sound
| ঋ || [ri] || ri
|}
 
=== Long Vowels ===
The long vowels in Assamese are formed by combining a short vowel with the vowel ই (i). Let's take a look at the long vowel characters along with their pronunciations and English translations:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Assamese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ৠ || [rɪ:] || rolled "r" sound (longer)
| এ || [e] || e
|-
|-
| এ || [e] || "ay" as in "bay"
| ঐ || [ai] || ai
|-
|-
| ঐ || [aɪ] || "i" as in "hi" (diphthong)
| ও || [o] || o
|-
|-
| ও || [o] || "o" as in "so"
| ঔ || [au] || au
|-
| ঔ || [aʊ] || "ow" as in "cow" (diphthong)
|}
|}
These Assamese vowels are written in the Assamese script in a similar manner to how they are written in Devanagari. Each vowel has its own distinct symbol that is written as a matra (a small character) above or below a consonant.


== Assamese Consonants ==
== Assamese Consonants ==
 
Assamese has a total of 21 consonants. Each consonant character represents a specific sound when pronounced. Let's explore each consonant in detail:
Like the vowels, Assamese has a total of 10 basic consonants. These are:
 
* ক
* খ
* গ
* ঘ
* ঙ
* চ
* ছ
* জ
* ঝ
* ঞ
* ট
* ঠ
* ড
* ঢ
* ণ
* ত
* থ
* দ
* ধ
* ন
* প
* ফ
* ব
* ভ
* ম
* য
* র
* ল
* স
* শ
* ষ
* হ
* ক্ষ
* জ্ঞ
 
It is important to appreciate the uniqueness of each Assamese consonant, as each has its own pronunciation and sound. Let's take a closer look at each consonant and its pronunciation:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Assamese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Assamese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ক || [k] || "k" as in "kite"
| ক || [k] || k
|-
|-
| খ || [kʰ] || aspirated "k" as in "kit" (with a puff of air)
| খ || [kʰ] || kh
|-
|-
| গ || [g] || "g" as in "gate"
| গ || [g] || g
|-
|-
| ঘ || [gʱ] || aspirated "g" as in "goat" (with a puff of air)
| ঘ || [gʰ] || gh
|-
|-
| ঙ || [ŋ] || "ng" as in "sing"
| ঙ || [ŋ] || ng
|-
|-
| চ || [t͡ʃ] || "ch" as in "chat"
| চ || [c] || c
|-
|-
| ছ || [t͡ʃʰ] || aspirated "ch" as in "check" (with a puff of air)
| ছ || [cʰ] || ch
|-
|-
| জ || [d͡ʒ] || "j" as in "jump"
| জ || [dʒ] || j
|-
|-
| ঝ || [d͡ʒʱ] || aspirated "j" as in "judge" (with a puff of air)
| ঝ || [dʒʰ] || jh
|-
|-
| ঞ || [ɲ] || "ny" as in "canyon"
| ঞ || [ɲ] || ny
|-
|-
| ট || [ʈ] || "t" as in "top"
| ট || [ʈ] || t
|-
|-
| ঠ || [ʈʰ] || aspirated "t" as in "top" (with a puff of air)
| ঠ || [ʈʰ] || th
|-
|-
| ড || [ɖ] || "d" as in "day"
| ড || [ɖ] || d
|-
|-
| ঢ || [ɖʱ] || aspirated "d" as in "dime" (with a puff of air)
| ঢ || [ɖʰ] || dh
|-
|-
| ণ || [n] || "n" as in "no"
| ণ || [ɳ] || n
|-
|-
| ত || [t] || "t" as in "top"
| ত || [t̪] || t
|-
|-
| থ || [tʰ] || aspirated "t" as in "top" (with a puff of air)
| থ || [t̪ʰ] || th
|-
|-
| দ || [d] || "d" as in "day"
| দ || [d̪] || d
|-
|-
| ধ || [dʱ] || aspirated "d" as in "dime" (with a puff of air)
| ধ || [d̪ʰ] || dh
|-
|-
| ন || [n] || "n" as in "no"
| ন || [n̪] || n
|-
|-
| প || [p] || "p" as in "pet"
| প || [p] || p
|-
|-
| ফ || [pʰ] || aspirated "p" as in "pet" (with a puff of air)
| ফ || [pʰ] || ph
|-
|-
| ব || [b] || "b" as in "bat"
| ব || [b] || b
|-
|-
| ভ || [bʱ] || aspirated "b" as in "bat" (with a puff of air)
| ভ || [bʰ] || bh
|-
|-
| ম || [m] || "m" as in "man"
| ম || [m] || m
|-
|-
| য || [d͡ʒ] || "j" as in "jump"
| য || [ʤ] || z
|-
|-
| র || [ɾ] || trilled "r" as in "spare"
| র || [r] || r
|-
|-
| ল || [l] || "l" as in "lot"
| ল || [l] || l
|-
|-
| স || [s] || "s" as in "sat"
| ব || [b] || b
|-
|-
| শ || [ʃ] || "sh" as in "she"
| শ || [ʃ] || s
|-
|-
| ষ || [ʂ] || "sh" as in "she"
| ষ || [ʂ] || s
|-
|-
| হ || [h] || "h" as in "hat"
| হ || [h] || h
|-
|-
| ক্ষ || [kʃ] || "ksh" as in "baksheesh"
| ক্ষ || [kʃ] || ksh
|-
|-
| জ্ঞ || [d͡ʒɲ] || "jny" as in "balcony"
| জ্ঞ || [gʤ] || gya
|}
|}


Like the vowels, Assamese consonants can be written in the Assamese script as standalone letters or combined with vowels to form new characters. Let's take a closer look at these combined letters in the next section.
== Cultural Insights ==
Assamese, being a language rich in culture and history, has undergone various influences over the years. The Assamese script itself has evolved from the ancient Brahmi script. The script has been used for centuries to write Assamese literature, poetry, and religious texts.
 
Assam, the northeastern state of India, is known for its diverse ethnic groups and languages. The Assamese script is widely used not only by the Assamese community but also by other indigenous communities in the region.


== Combined Letters ==
== Practice Exercises ==
Now that we have learned the basic Assamese vowels and consonants, let's practice using them in words and sentences. Try to pronounce the following words correctly:


Assamese has a total of 11 basic combined letters. These are formed by combining a consonant with a vowel. Some of the combined letters have slightly different pronunciations than their standalone counterparts. Here are the basic combined letters:
* বই (boi) - book
* বাঘ (bagh) - tiger
* গলপ (golpo) - story
* জীৱন (jiwan) - life
* প্ৰেম (prem) - love


{| class="wikitable"
Now, let's form simple sentences using these words:
! Assamese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ক + অ || [kɔ] || "k" as in "cock" (combined with the sound of "o")
|-
| ক + আ || [kɑ] || "ka" as in "kangaroo"
|-
| ক + ই || [ki] || "ki" as in "kite"
|-
| ক + ঈ || [ki:] || "ki" as in "kite" (longer)
|-
| ক + উ || [ku] || "ku" as in "cool"
|-
| ক + ঊ || [ku:] || "ku" as in "cool" (longer)
|-
| ক + এ || [ke] || "kay" as in "cake"
|-
| ক + ঐ || [kɔɪ] || "koi" as in "coincide"
|-
| ক + ও || [ko] || "ko" as in "kool"
|-
| ক + ঔ || [kɔʊ] || "kau" as in "cow"
|-
| ক + র || [krɪ] || "ker" as in "kermesse"
|}


These combined letters are used extensively in Assamese literature and are a key part of developing fluency in the language. By memorizing these combined letters and their pronunciations, you can begin to read and write simple Assamese words and phrases.
1. মই বই পঢ়োঁতে ভাল পাওঁ (Moi boi porhote bhal pao) - I enjoy reading books.
2. বাঘ কথা আছে নেকি? (Bagh kotha achhe neki?) - Do you have a story about tigers?
3. জীৱনত প্ৰেম বিনাকে নাই (Jiwanot prem binake nai) - Life is incomplete without love.


== Conclusion ==
== Conclusion ==
Congratulations on completing the lesson on Assamese vowels and consonants! By familiarizing yourself with the Assamese script and practicing the pronunciation of each vowel and consonant, you are well on your way to mastering the basics of the Assamese language.


In this lesson, you have learned about the basic Assamese vowels and consonants, including their pronunciations and examples of words using these characters. By understanding these fundamental aspects of Assamese, you will be able to read, write, and speak the language more effectively. In the next lesson, you will learn about forming combined letters in Assamese by joining vowels and consonants, including the rules and examples for proper pronunciation.
In the next lesson, we will delve into the topic of combined letters in Assamese, where we will explore how vowels and consonants are joined to form specific sounds. So stay tuned and keep up the good work!


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|title=Assamese Grammar → Introduction to Assamese Script → Vowels and Consonants
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|keywords=Assamese script, Assamese vowels, Assamese consonants, Assamese language, Assamese basics
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|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the Assamese vowels and consonants, their pronunciation, examples, and cultural insights. This is the first step towards mastering the Assamese script.
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==Videos==
 
===Vowel in Assamese | Vowel signs in assamese | English grammar in ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwYWBPmQVf0</youtube>








==Videos==
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assamese_language Assamese language - Wikipedia]
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/assamese.htm Assamese alphabet, pronunciation and alphabet]
* [https://www.glossa-journal.org/article/id/5350/ Tebay | Exceptionality in Assamese vowel harmony: A phonological ...]


===Vowel in Assamese | Vowel signs in assamese | English grammar in ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwYWBPmQVf0</youtube>




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<span class='maj'></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assamese_language Assamese language - Wikipedia]
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/assamese.htm Assamese alphabet, pronunciation and alphabet]
* [https://www.glossa-journal.org/article/id/5350/ Tebay | Exceptionality in Assamese vowel harmony: A phonological ...]


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Latest revision as of 21:30, 22 June 2023

Next Lesson — Combined Letters ▶️

Assamese-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Assamese → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Introduction to Assamese Script → Vowels and Consonants

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on Assamese Script! In this lesson, we will explore the basics of Assamese vowels and consonants. Understanding these fundamental building blocks of the Assamese script is crucial for developing a strong foundation in the language. We will cover the pronunciation of each vowel and consonant, as well as provide examples of words that utilize these characters. So let's dive in and discover the beauty of the Assamese script!

Assamese Vowels[edit | edit source]

Assamese has a total of 11 vowels. These vowels are divided into short and long sounds. The short vowels are represented by single characters, while the long vowels are represented by a combination of two characters. Let's explore each vowel in detail:

Short Vowels[edit | edit source]

Here are the short vowel characters in Assamese along with their pronunciations and English translations:

Assamese Pronunciation English
অ [ɔ] a
আ [a] aa
ই [i] i
ঈ [i:] ee
উ [u] u
ঊ [u:] oo
ঋ [ri] ri

Long Vowels[edit | edit source]

The long vowels in Assamese are formed by combining a short vowel with the vowel ই (i). Let's take a look at the long vowel characters along with their pronunciations and English translations:

Assamese Pronunciation English
এ [e] e
ঐ [ai] ai
ও [o] o
ঔ [au] au

Assamese Consonants[edit | edit source]

Assamese has a total of 21 consonants. Each consonant character represents a specific sound when pronounced. Let's explore each consonant in detail:

Assamese Pronunciation English
ক [k] k
খ [kʰ] kh
গ [g] g
ঘ [gʰ] gh
ঙ [ŋ] ng
চ [c] c
ছ [cʰ] ch
জ [dʒ] j
ঝ [dʒʰ] jh
ঞ [ɲ] ny
ট [ʈ] t
ঠ [ʈʰ] th
ড [ɖ] d
ঢ [ɖʰ] dh
ণ [ɳ] n
ত [t̪] t
থ [t̪ʰ] th
দ [d̪] d
ধ [d̪ʰ] dh
ন [n̪] n
প [p] p
ফ [pʰ] ph
ব [b] b
ভ [bʰ] bh
ম [m] m
য [ʤ] z
র [r] r
ল [l] l
ব [b] b
শ [ʃ] s
ষ [ʂ] s
হ [h] h
ক্ষ [kʃ] ksh
জ্ঞ [gʤ] gya

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

Assamese, being a language rich in culture and history, has undergone various influences over the years. The Assamese script itself has evolved from the ancient Brahmi script. The script has been used for centuries to write Assamese literature, poetry, and religious texts.

Assam, the northeastern state of India, is known for its diverse ethnic groups and languages. The Assamese script is widely used not only by the Assamese community but also by other indigenous communities in the region.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we have learned the basic Assamese vowels and consonants, let's practice using them in words and sentences. Try to pronounce the following words correctly:

  • বই (boi) - book
  • বাঘ (bagh) - tiger
  • গলপ (golpo) - story
  • জীৱন (jiwan) - life
  • প্ৰেম (prem) - love

Now, let's form simple sentences using these words:

1. মই বই পঢ়োঁতে ভাল পাওঁ (Moi boi porhote bhal pao) - I enjoy reading books. 2. বাঘ কথা আছে নেকি? (Bagh kotha achhe neki?) - Do you have a story about tigers? 3. জীৱনত প্ৰেম বিনাকে নাই (Jiwanot prem binake nai) - Life is incomplete without love.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing the lesson on Assamese vowels and consonants! By familiarizing yourself with the Assamese script and practicing the pronunciation of each vowel and consonant, you are well on your way to mastering the basics of the Assamese language.

In the next lesson, we will delve into the topic of combined letters in Assamese, where we will explore how vowels and consonants are joined to form specific sounds. So stay tuned and keep up the good work!

Table of Contents - Assamese Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Assamese Script


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Assamese Festivals and Traditions

Videos[edit | edit source]

Vowel in Assamese | Vowel signs in assamese | English grammar in ...[edit | edit source]



Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




Next Lesson — Combined Letters ▶️

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