Language/Welsh/Grammar/Describing-Actions

◀️ Describing People — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Common Foods ▶️

Welsh → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Describing Actions

In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of Welsh adverbs and how they can be used to describe actions. Understanding how to use adverbs effectively will not only enhance your conversational skills but also give you a more nuanced understanding of the Welsh language.

Why Adverbs Matter in Welsh

Adverbs play a crucial role in enriching the meaning of verbs by providing context about how, when, where, and to what extent an action is performed. By learning to use adverbs, you can express yourself more clearly and accurately in Welsh.

Structure of the Lesson:

1. Introduction to Welsh Adverbs

2. Placement of Adverbs in Sentences

3. Forming Adverbs in Welsh

4. Examples of Adverbs in Action

5. Exercises to Practice Using Adverbs

6. Detailed Solutions and Explanations for Exercises

Introduction to Welsh Adverbs

Adverbs in Welsh often modify verbs, adjectives, or even other adverbs. They provide essential details that can change the entire meaning of a sentence. For example, consider how the meaning shifts when you add an adverb to a verb.

For beginners, it’s important to grasp the basic types of adverbs:

• Manner: How an action is done (e.g., quickly, slowly).

• Time: When an action happens (e.g., now, yesterday).

• Place: Where an action occurs (e.g., here, there).

• Degree: To what extent an action is done (e.g., very, quite).

Placement of Adverbs in Sentences

In Welsh, the placement of adverbs can vary, but here are some general rules to follow:

• Adverbs of manner typically come after the verb:

• E.g., "Mae hi'n canu'n hyfryd." (She sings beautifully.)

• Adverbs of time often appear at the beginning or end of a sentence:

• E.g., "Yfory, byddwn ni'n mynd." (Tomorrow, we will go.)

• Adverbs of place can also appear at the beginning or end:

• E.g., "Mae'r gath yn chwarae yma." (The cat is playing here.)

• Adverbs of degree usually come before the adjective or adverb they modify:

• E.g., "Mae e'n dda iawn." (He is very good.)

Forming Adverbs in Welsh

Many Welsh adverbs are formed by adding specific suffixes to adjectives. Here are some common suffixes used to create adverbs:

• -ly (similar to English):

• E.g., "hyfryd" (pleasant) becomes "hyfrydly" (pleasantly).

• -edig:

• E.g., "diddorol" (interesting) becomes "diddoroledig" (interestingly).

However, not all adverbs follow this pattern, so it’s essential to familiarize yourself with common adverb forms and how they are used in sentences.

Examples of Adverbs in Action

To illustrate how adverbs work in Welsh, here are some examples:

Welsh	Pronunciation	English
Mae hi'n gweithio'n galed.	Mae hee'n gwech-toh'n gah-led	She works hard.
Roedd e'n bwyta'n gyflym.	Royth eh'n boo-ee-ta'n guh-fleem	He ate quickly.
Dyma fi'n siarad yn dawel.	Duh-mah vee'n sha-rad un dah-wel	Here I am speaking quietly.
Fydd hi'n dod yma'n fuan.	Vith hee'n dod ee-mahn vee-an	She will come here soon.
Mae e'n hapus iawn.	Mae eh'n hah-pis yah-oon	He is very happy.
Mae hi'n canu'n fawr.	Mae hee'n kah-nee'n fowr	She sings loudly.
Mae'r ci'n rhedeg yn gyflym.	My-r kee'n rhey-deg un guh-fleem	The dog runs fast.
Mae hi'n dysgu'n gyflym.	Mae hee'n dis-gee'n guh-fleem	She learns quickly.
Mae'n bwrw'n glaw yma.	Main boo-roo'n glau ee-mah	It is raining here.
Mae myfi'n teimlo'n dawel.	Mae mu-vee'n taym-lo'n dah-wel	I feel calm.

Exercises to Practice Using Adverbs

Now that you have a grasp of the fundamentals, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises designed to help you practice using Welsh adverbs in context.

1. Fill in the Blanks: Complete the sentences with the appropriate adverb from the options provided.

• Mae hi'n canu __________. (a) dawel (b) trwm

• Mae e'n bwyta __________. (a) gyflym (b) araf

2. Sentence Rearrangement: Rearrange the words to form correct sentences using adverbs.

• (bwrw, yma, glaw, mae'n)

• (cadw, yn, dawel, i)

3. Translate the Sentences: Translate the following sentences into Welsh using the adverbs provided.

• She runs quickly. (gyflym)

• I speak loudly. (fawr)

4. Choose the Correct Adverb: Select the correct adverb to complete the sentences.

• Mae hi'n gweithio __________. (a) galed (b) yn galed

• Mae e'n teimlo __________. (a) hapus (b) yn hapus

5. Identify the Adverb: Read the sentences and underline the adverbs.

• Mae e'n bwrw glaw yn drwm.

• Mae hi'n cantio'n dawel.

6. Create Your Own Sentences: Write three sentences in Welsh using adverbs of manner.

7. Matching Exercise: Match the Welsh adverb with its English equivalent.

• (a) gyflym

• (b) dawel

• (c) yn hapus

8. Correct the Mistakes: Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

• Mae hi'n cerdded trwm.

• Mae e'n bwyta yn araf.

9. Multiple Choice Questions: Choose the correct adverb to complete the sentence.

• Mae hi'n siarad __________. (a) yn dawel (b) dawel

• Mae e'n dysgu __________. (a) yn gyflym (b) gyflym

10. Short Answer Questions: Answer the following questions using adverbs.

• How do you sing? (Use an adverb)

• When do you eat? (Use an adverb)

Detailed Solutions and Explanations for Exercises

1. Fill in the Blanks:

• Mae hi'n canu dawel. (She sings quietly.)

• Mae e'n bwyta gyflym. (He eats quickly.)

2. Sentence Rearrangement:

• Mae'n bwrw glaw yma. (It is raining here.)

• Mae i cadw yn dawel. (It is to keep quiet.)

3. Translate the Sentences:

• Mae hi'n rhedeg yn gyflym. (She runs quickly.)

• Mae fi'n siarad yn fawr. (I speak loudly.)

4. Choose the Correct Adverb:

• Mae hi'n gweithio yn galed. (She works hard.)

• Mae e'n teimlo yn hapus. (He feels happy.)

5. Identify the Adverb:

• Mae e'n bwrw glaw yn drwm. (He is raining heavily.)

• Mae hi'n cantio'n dawel. (She sings quietly.)

6. Create Your Own Sentences:

• Mae hi'n rhedeg gyflym. (She runs quickly.)

• Mae e'n bwyta araf. (He eats slowly.)

• Mae fi'n siarad fawr. (I speak loudly.)

7. Matching Exercise:

• (a) gyflym → fast

• (b) dawel → quiet

• (c) yn hapus → happy

8. Correct the Mistakes:

• Mae hi'n cerdded yn drwm. (She walks heavily.)

• Mae e'n bwyta araf. (He eats slowly.)

9. Multiple Choice Questions:

• Mae hi'n siarad yn dawel. (She speaks quietly.)

• Mae e'n dysgu yn gyflym. (He learns quickly.)

10. Short Answer Questions:

• I sing quietly. (Dawel)

• I eat now. (Nawr)

This lesson has provided you with the tools necessary to describe actions in Welsh using adverbs. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll find it easier to express yourself in a more detailed and vibrant way!

Table of Contents - Welsh Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Pronouns and Verbs

• Personal Pronouns
• To Be and To Have

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-10
• Telling Time

  ---

Questions and Negation

• Question Words
• Negation

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationships

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Describing People
• Describing Actions

  ---

Food and Drink

• Common Foods
• Eating and Drinking

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Using Prepositions
• Using Conjunctions

  ---

Welsh Traditions and Celebrations

• Holidays and Festivals
• Traditional Music and Dance

  ---

Hobbies and Leisure

• Common Hobbies
• Leisure Activities

  ---

Present Continuous and Future

• Present Continuous Tense
• Talking About the Future

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

  ---

Welsh Literature and History

• Famous Welsh Writers
• Welsh History

Sources

• Welsh syntax - Wikipedia

Other Lessons

• To Be and To Have
• Pronouns
• Give your Opinion
• Adjectives
• Question Words
• How to Use Have
• The article
• Describing People
• 0 to A1 Course
• Present Continuous Tense

◀️ Describing People — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Common Foods ▶️