Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Nominative-Case
| ◀️ Asking for and Giving Personal Information — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Accusative Case ▶️ |
Welcome to another exciting lesson in our "Complete 0 to A1 Northern Kurdish Course"! Today, we will dive into the fascinating world of the nominative case in Northern Kurdish. Understanding the nominative case is essential for constructing sentences properly and expressing ideas clearly. The nominative case is used primarily for the subject of a sentence—those who perform the action.
In this lesson, we will explore the following topics:
- Definition of the Nominative Case
- Nouns in the Nominative Case
- Adjectives in the Nominative Case
- Examples of Noun and Adjective Usage
- Practice Exercises
By the end of this lesson, you'll have a firm grasp of how to use the nominative case, which will be a foundational skill as we progress through our course. Now, let’s get started!
Definition of the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]
The nominative case is a grammatical case used to indicate the subject of a verb. In Northern Kurdish, it is crucial because it helps us identify who is doing what in a sentence. For instance, in the sentence "The boy runs," "the boy" is the subject and thus is in the nominative case.
Nouns in the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]
In Northern Kurdish, nouns in the nominative case do not take any special endings, unlike some other languages. Here are a few examples of nouns in the nominative case:
| Northern Kurdish | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| zarok | /zaˈɾok/ | boy |
| kêm | /kɛm/ | girl |
| mal | /mal/ | house |
| kitap | /kiˈtɑp/ | book |
| dar | /daɾ/ | tree |
As you can see, these nouns remain unchanged in their base form. This simplicity is one of the appealing aspects of Northern Kurdish grammar!
Adjectives in the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]
Adjectives also play a vital role in the nominative case. They describe or modify nouns and agree with them in terms of number and definiteness. Here are some adjectives used in the nominative case:
| Northern Kurdish | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| mezin | /meˈzin/ | big |
| piçûk | /piˈtʃuːk/ | small |
| sor | /soɾ/ | red |
| zer | /zeɾ/ | yellow |
| gûr | /ɡuːɾ/ | old |
When you combine adjectives with nouns, they must agree in terms of definiteness. Let's take a closer look at how this works.
Examples of Noun and Adjective Usage[edit | edit source]
To better understand the nominative case, let’s see some examples involving nouns and adjectives:
| Northern Kurdish | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| zarok mezin | /zaˈɾok meˈzin/ | big boy |
| kêm piçûk | /kɛm piˈtʃuːk/ | small girl |
| mal sor | /mal soɾ/ | red house |
| kitap zer | /kiˈtɑp zeɾ/ | yellow book |
| dar gûr | /daɾ ɡuːɾ/ | old tree |
In these examples, the adjectives are in the nominative case, describing the nouns they accompany.
Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]
Now that we've covered the basics of the nominative case, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to help you practice.
Exercise 1: Identify the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]
Read the following sentences and underline the nouns in the nominative case.
1. Zarok mezin diçin bazarê. (The big boy goes to the market.)
2. Kêm piçûk li ser masa ye. (The small girl is on the table.)
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
4. Kitap zer bi xwendevan re tê. (The yellow book is with the reader.)
5. Dar gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (The old tree is in the mountain.)
Solution:
1. Zarok
2. Kêm
3. Mal
4. Kitap
5. Dar
Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate noun from the box below.
(zarok, kêm, mal, kitap, dar)
1. ______ mezin diçin bazarê. (______ big goes to the market.)
2. ______ piçûk li ser masa ye. (______ small is on the table.)
3. ______ sor e. (______ is red.)
4. ______ zer bi xwendevan re tê. (______ yellow is with the reader.)
5. ______ gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (______ old is in the mountain.)
Solution:
1. Zarok
2. Kêm
3. Mal
4. Kitap
5. Dar
Exercise 3: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]
Translate the following sentences into Northern Kurdish.
1. The boy is big.
2. The girl is small.
3. The house is yellow.
4. The book is red.
5. The tree is old.
Solution:
1. Zarok mezin e.
2. Kêm piçûk e.
3. Mal zer e.
4. Kitap sor e.
5. Dar gûr e.
Exercise 4: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]
Using the nouns and adjectives provided, create your own sentences in Northern Kurdish.
Nouns: zarok, kêm, mal
Adjectives: mezin, piçûk, sor
Example Solution:
1. Zarok mezin e. (The boy is big.)
2. Kêm piçûk e. (The girl is small.)
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
Exercise 5: Match the Nouns with Adjectives[edit | edit source]
Match the nouns with the correct adjectives.
1. zarok
2. kêm
3. mal
4. kitap
5. dar
a. sor
b. mezin
c. piçûk
d. zer
e. gûr
Solution:
1 - b (zarok - mezin)
2 - c (kêm - piçûk)
3 - a (mal - sor)
4 - d (kitap - zer)
5 - e (dar - gûr)
Exercise 6: Write Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]
Write three sentences in Northern Kurdish using nouns and adjectives in the nominative case.
Example Solution:
1. Zarok mezin diçin bazarê. (The big boy goes to the market.)
2. Kêm piçûk li ser masa ye. (The small girl is on the table.)
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
Exercise 7: Identify the Adjective[edit | edit source]
In the following sentences, circle the adjectives in the nominative case.
1. Zarok mezin e.
2. Kêm piçûk e.
3. Mal sor e.
4. Kitap zer e.
5. Dar gûr e.
Solution:
1. mezin
2. piçûk
3. sor
4. zer
5. gûr
Exercise 8: Complete the Sentences[edit | edit source]
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the nouns or adjectives.
1. ______ mezin diçin bazarê. (______ big goes to the market.)
2. ______ piçûk li ser masa ye. (______ small is on the table.)
3. ______ sor e. (______ is red.)
4. ______ zer bi xwendevan re tê. (______ yellow is with the reader.)
5. ______ gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (______ old is in the mountain.)
Solution:
1. Zarok
2. Kêm
3. Mal
4. Kitap
5. Dar
Exercise 9: Sentence Transformation[edit | edit source]
Transform the following sentences by changing the adjectives but keeping the nouns the same.
1. Zarok mezin e. (The boy is big.)
2. Kêm piçûk e. (The girl is small.)
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
4. Kitap zer e. (The book is yellow.)
5. Dar gûr e. (The tree is old.)
Example Solution:
1. Zarok piçûk e. (The boy is small.)
2. Kêm mezin e. (The girl is big.)
3. Mal zer e. (The house is yellow.)
4. Kitap sor e. (The book is red.)
5. Dar gûr e. (The tree is old.)
Exercise 10: Create a Dialogue[edit | edit source]
Create a short dialogue using at least three nouns and three adjectives in the nominative case.
Example Solution:
A: Zarok mezin e? (Is the boy big?)
B: Erê, zarok mezin e. (Yes, the boy is big.)
A: Kêm piçûk e? (Is the girl small?)
B: Erê, kêm piçûk e. (Yes, the girl is small.)
A: Mal sor e? (Is the house red?)
B: Erê, mal sor e. (Yes, the house is red.)
In this lesson, we have covered the basics of the nominative case, focusing on nouns and adjectives. Remember, practice makes perfect! Keep using the nominative case in your daily conversations, and soon it will become second nature.
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Negative Statements
- Manner Adverbs
- Plurals
- Subordinating Conjunctions
- Alphabet and Pronunciation
- Past Tense
- Future Tense
- Coordinating Conjunctions
- Gender
- Demonstrative Pronouns
Template:Northern-kurdish-Page-Bottom
| ◀️ Asking for and Giving Personal Information — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Accusative Case ▶️ |