Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Common-Prepositions
Bashkir is a Turkic language that is spoken by around 1.5 million people in Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and other countries. Prepositions are essential elements of the Bashkir language. They help to indicate the relationship between different elements in a sentence. In this lesson, you will learn the most common Bashkir prepositions and how to use them in sentences.
What Are Prepositions?
In Bashkir, prepositions are called курал (kural). A preposition is a word that indicates the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. It can indicate direction, location, time, or other relationships. Prepositions usually come before the noun or pronoun that they modify.
Some examples of prepositions in Bashkir are:
- утый (utyı) - by, next to
- менен (menen) - with
- итеп (itep) - after
Common Bashkir Prepositions
Here are some of the most common prepositions in Bashkir:
| Bashkir | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| алдында (aldında) | aldi-nda | in front of |
| артында (artında) | arti-nda | behind |
| тәрәпен (täräpen) | tärä-pen | towards |
| көчө (köchö) | kø-chø | through, across |
| төйөндә (töyöndä) | töyön-dä | around |
| иртә (irtä) | ir-tä | from |
| өсө (ösö) | ø-sø | in, inside, within |
| тәрәзә (täräzä) | tärä-zä | outside |
| тәкирекен (täkireken) | tä-ki-re-ken | without |
| һәрдәм (härdäm) | här-däm | always |
It's important to note that prepositions in Bashkir can sometimes have slightly different meanings or use cases than their English equivalents. So it's essential to learn how to use each preposition correctly in context.
Examples of Bashkir Prepositions
Here are some examples of Bashkir prepositions used in sentences:
- Миллим итеп келдим. (Millim itep keldim.) - I came through the forest.
- Дәнегет алдында галим. (Dänäget aldında gälim.) - Galim is in front of the building.
- Айрат менен экенин секер. (Ayrat menen ekennin seker.) - Seker is friends with Ayrat.
- Биз иртә Россияға келдик. (Biz irtä Rossiyağa keldik.) - We came from Russia.
- Сәләт өсө отелдә турыр. (Sälät ösö oteldä turyr.) - Salat is in the hotel.
- Көйдән төйөндә күрәштәм. (Köydän töyöndä küreştem.) - I traveled around the village.
- Минем тәрәпен үткәрдә хәрәкәт итеп түгәл. (Minem täräpen ütkärdä xäräkät itep tügäl.) - I moved in the direction of my goal.
Practice: Using Prepositions in Bashkir Sentences
Now it's time to practice. Here are some exercises to help you improve your Bashkir preposition skills:
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition:
- Минем һәрдәм __________ уйҙан. (Minem här-däm ___ uytan.)
- Руслан тәкирекен киченәк тора. (Ruslan täkireken kichenäk tora.)
- Марәм менен артында тәмән килде. (Märam menen artında tämän kilde.)
- Тәнгер тәрәпен ҡусҡан. (Tänger täräpen qusqan.)
2. Translate the following sentences into Bashkir:
- They are walking around the city.
- She came from the airport.
- The cat is in front of the house.
- The students are without books.
Conclusion
Prepositions are an essential part of the Bashkir language. By understanding how to use prepositions correctly, you can improve your ability to communicate in Bashkir. Keep practicing, and in no time, you will become a pro at using Bashkir prepositions in your sentences.