Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns
Bashkir, like many other languages, has personal pronouns that are used to refer to individuals or groups of people. In this lesson, we will learn about personal pronouns in Bashkir and how to use them accurately in sentences.
Subject Pronouns
Subject pronouns are personal pronouns that are used as the subject of a sentence. They replace the name of the person or the thing that the sentence is talking about.
Here are the subject pronouns in Bashkir:
| Bashkir | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| миң | miiñ | I |
| сиң | siñ | You (singular) |
| ул | ul | He/She/It |
| беҙ | beð | We |
| сез | sez | You (plural) |
| олар | olar | They |
Examples:
- Миң килдем. (Miiñ kildem.) - I came.
- Сиң каендесең? (Siñ kaendeseñ?) - How are you?
- Ул былым. (Ul bılym) - She is my friend.
- Беҙ барыбыз. (Beð barıbyz.) - We are here.
- Сез низ гыйбатласаҡтыр? (Sez niz giıbatlasaqtır?) - What have you guys been talking about?
- Олар шулай бытты. (Olar şulay bıtty.) - They did it like that.
Object Pronouns
Object pronouns are personal pronouns that are used as the object of a sentence. They replace the name of the person or thing that the action of the sentence is directed towards.
Here are the object pronouns in Bashkir:
| Bashkir | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| мине | mine | Me |
| сине | sine | You (singular) |
| уны | unı | Him/Her/It |
| беҙне | beðne | Us |
| сезне | sezne | You (plural) |
| оларҙы | olarðı | Them |
Examples:
- Магнитофон мине күтүү. (Magnetofon mine kütuü.) - Wait for me.
- Минас сине кирдем. (Minas sine kirdem.) - I invited you to my house.
- Уны дагы беләнттем. (Unı dagı belänttem.) - I argued with him/her/it yesterday.
- Татар студентлер беҙне үҙгәртте. (Tatar studentler beðne üðgärtte.) - Tatar students changed us.
- Сезне калып карагыз. (Sezne kalıp karagyuz.) - We'll see you.
- Сагать оларҙы билә йәке. (Sağat olarðı bılä yäke.) - I know only them.
Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns are personal pronouns that show ownership or possession of something. In Bashkir, there are two types of possessive pronouns - one that is used for the first- and second-person singular, and another that is used for third-person singular and plural.
Here are the possessive pronouns in Bashkir:
| Bashkir | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| миңһе | miiñhe | Mine |
| сиңһе | siñhe | Yours (singular) |
| улһыҙ | ulhıð | His/Hers/Its |
| беҙһе | beðhe | Ours |
| сезһе | sezhe | Yours (plural) |
| аларһыҙ | alarhıð | Theirs |
Examples:
- Башҡортыс пирәмең монда миңһе. (Başqortys pırämeñ monda miiñhe.) - This pie is mine.
- Был өй әйләкһең сиңһе. (Bıl öy äyläkhеñ siñhe.) - That house is yours.
- Улһыҙ машинаһың турында спорт итүләренә ярсалды. (Ulhıð maşınahıñ turynda sport itülerenä yarsaldı.) - He sent sport shoes to its proper machine.
- Беҙһе киледең. (Beðhe kiledеñ.) - Our guest is coming.
- Сезһе билесез? (Sezhe bilesеz?) - Do you understand each other?
- Аларһыҙ керемәтле яшерәләр. (Alarhıð keremәtle yaşerälär.) - They live with honours.
Reflexive Pronouns
Reflexive pronouns are personal pronouns that refer to the subject of the sentence. In Bashkir, they are formed using the suffix "-сы" (-sı) for singular subjects and "-быҡ" (-byq) for plural subjects.
Here are the reflexive pronouns in Bashkir:
| Bashkir | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| миңең | miiñeñ | Myself |
| сиңең | sineñ | Yourself |
| улсын | ulsın | Himself/Herself/Itself |
| беҙбыҡ | beðbyq | Ourselves |
| сездәрсын | sezdärsın | Yourselves |
| аларсын | alarsın | Themselves |
Examples:
- Миңең үҙгәртеүең. (Miiñeñ üðgärtеyeñ.) - You should change yourself.
- Сиңең кулланаһығыҙ фикерех зур. (Sineñ kullanahığız fikereh zur.) - You are thinking only about yourself.
- Улсын былыуын башлаган. (Ulsın bılyuını başlagan.) - He started blaming himself.
- Беҙбыҡ турак һөкүм бирләшеүен кына кырҙадык. (Beðbyq turаk höküm birläşеüеn kına kırdadık.) - We made ourselves laugh at the actions of the government.
- Сездәрсын төрөгенгәар беләнттәбез? (Sezdärsın törögengäar belänttäbez?) - Did you hurt yourselves accidentally?
- Аларсын интернеттә шәһәрҙә билдерләйеҙ. (Alarsın internettä şähärzä bılderläyeð.) - They are building cities for themselves on the internet.
Summary
In this lesson, we learned about personal pronouns in Bashkir, including subject pronouns, object pronouns, possessive pronouns, and reflexive pronouns. It is essential to know these pronouns to communicate accurately and effectively in Bashkir.