Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/The-Greek-sentence-types
Phrase is a group of words containing and does express a complete thought.
There are a variety of ways to classify sentences.
1. Affirmative Principle. In every true affirmative predicative sentence the subject term is satisfied
2. Negation is the opposite of an affirmative statement.
The simple negative particles are : όχι, δεν (δε), μην (μη) "no", "not" etc.
Here are some negation expressions that you might come across or use very often :
ποτέ, κανένας, ούτε, τίποτε, αποκλείεται, ουδέν, ούτε.
never, no one, nor, nothing, excluded, nothing, never, no one
The four types of sentences
There are four types in Greek sentence, classified by their purpose:
Declarative sentences make a statement. They tell us something.
They give us information, and they normally end with a full-stop/period.
Imperative sentences give a command. They tell us to do something.
Interrogative sentences ask a question. They ask us something.
They want information, and they always end with a question mark.
Exclamative sentences express strong emotion/surprise—an exclamation—
and they always end with an exclamation mark/point (!)
Form | ΚΑΤΑΦΑΤΙΚΕΣ : affirmatives | ΑΡΝΗΤΙΚΕΣ : negatives |
ΑΠΟΦΑΝΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΚΡΙΣΗΣ (.)
declarative sentence |
Η Μαρία μιλάει ελληνικά.
Maria speaks Greek |
Ο Γιάννης δεν έχει ποδήλατο.
John it did not have bicycle |
ΠΡΟΣΤΑΚΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑΣ (. ! )
imperative sentence |
Παρακαλώ δώστε μου τα κλειδιά :
Please hand me the keys |
Να μην πάμε εκδρομή αύριο!
We are not going on an excursion tomorrow |
ΕΡΩΤΗΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ (;)
interrogative sentence (?) |
Πώς σε λένε?
What is your name? |
Ο Πέτρος δεν έχει βιβλία;
Peter has no books? |
ΕΠΙΦΩΝΗΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ ( ! )
exclamatory sentence |
Αυτό ήταν τρομακτικό!
That was scary! |
Δεν το πιστεύω!
I do not believe that |
Negation in a sentence
Ελληνικά | English |
---|---|
Μην ανησυχείς! | Don't worry! |
Δε μπορώ να θυμηθώ τη λέξη | I cannot remember the word |
Δεν μιλώ ελληνικά | I do not speak greek |
Δεν ξέρω / Δεν γνωρίζω | I don't know! |
Δε μιλάω ακόμα άπταιστα γαλλικά | I'm not fluent in French yet |
Δεν ενδιαφέρομαι | I'm not interested! |
Κανείς εδώ δε μιλάει Ελληνικά | No one here speaks Greek |
Κανένα πρόβλημα | No problem! |
Αυτό δεν είναι σωστό | This is not correct |
Αυτό είναι λάθος | This is wrong |
Δεν καταλαβαίνουμε | We don't understand |
Δεν πρέπει να ξεχάσεις αυτή τη λέξη | You should not forget this word |