Language/Polish/Grammar/Imperative-Mood

IMPERATIVE in Polish

Hi Polish Learners! 😃

➡ In today's lesson we will learn How to Construct the Polish Imperative Mood.

Happy learning!

For the 1st (–ę, -esz) and the 2nd (–ę, -isz / ysz) conjugation group we create the future tense in the same way:

Transform the Present tense into Imperative

We remove the ending of the 3rd person singular in the present

• Present tense : pisać (to write): ja piszę, on pisze
• Imperative: pisz! (shout!)

In some verbs there is an alternation o/ó

• Present tense: zrobić (to do), ja robię, on robi,
• Imperative: rób!

For verbs that end with several consonants, we add at the end -j

• Present tense: zamknąć (to close): ja zamknę, on zamknie,
• Imperative: zamknij!

---

• Present tense: spać (to sleep): ja śpię, we śpi
• Imperative: śpij

For verbs of the 3rd type of conjugation, we create the imperative by removing the ending -ą from the 3rd person plural in the present

• Present tense: jeść (to eat): oni, one jedzą
• Imperative: jedz!

---

• Present tense: wiedzieć (to know): oni, one wiedzą,
• Imperative: wiedz!

Plural imperative

The 1st and 2nd person are formed by adding, the ending -my for the 1st person, and the ending -cie for the 2nd person

Examples:

• wiedzmy, wiedzcie
• jedzmy, jedzcie
• śpijmy, śpijcie

The 3rd person plural is used in expressions of politeness

In the 3rd person singular we add a word niech. 

Examples:

• niech pan je, niech pani je, niech państwo (Mr., Mrs.)
• jedzą (that Mr. eats, that Mrs. eats, that Mr., Mrs. eats)
• niech pan śpi, nich pani śpi, niech państwo śpią (that Mr. sleeps, that Mrs. sleeps , that Mr, Mrs sleep)

Sources

• https://www.po-polsku.fr
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_grammar

Examples

English	Polish
English	You love !
Polish	Kochaj !
English transliteration	koh hah ih
Brazilian Portuguese	Ame !
English	You speak !
Polish	Mów
English transliteration	moo vih
Brazilian Portuguese	Fale !
English	You sleep !
Polish	Śpij
English transliteration	shpee
Brazilian Portuguese	Durma !
English	You eat !
Polish	Jedz
English transliteration	yehds
Brazilian Portuguese	Coma !