Language/French/Grammar/Typical-use-of-the-indefinite-article

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French Grammar - Typical use of the indefinite article


New, countable, concrete noun

One use of the indefinite article is to introduce a new, countable, concrete noun (maison, tableau, livre, voiture, etc.) into the discourse:


Je me suis trouvé une belle maison en Ecosse I have found myself a lovely house in Scotland Voulez-vous voir un Picasso? Do you want to see a Picasso?


Countable, concrete entities

Another is to describe a general class of countable, concrete entities:

  • Normalement une voiture a quatre roues et une moto en a deux

Normally a car has four wheels and a motorbike two

  • II s'agit là d'une erreur caractéristique d'un étudiant de première année

That's an example of a typical error made by a first year student


In this 'generic' use, the indefinite article is usually interchangeable with a plural definite article:

  • Normalement les voitures ont quatre roues et les motos en ont deux

Il s'agit là d'une erreur caractéristique des étudiants de première année {de +definite article les}


Abstract nouns

Abstract nouns (courage, beauté, réalisme, importance, etc.) are normally accompanied by the definite article. But when they are modified by an adjective they take an indefinite article.


Compare:

  • II admire le courage

He admires courage

  • Il a fait preuve d'un courage peu ordinaire

He showed extraordinary courage

  • La beauté du paysage nous étonnait

The beauty of the countryside astonished us

  • Le paysage était d'une beauté étonnante

The countryside was astonishingly beautiful

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