Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Negation
Hi Tosk Albanian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of negation in Tosk Albanian. We will look at how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations.
Negation is an important part of any language, and it is no different in Tosk Albanan. In this lesson, we will look at the basics of negation in Tosk Albanian. We will look at how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations.
Forming Negative Sentences
Negative sentences in Tosk Albanian are formed by adding the particle s'm before the verb. This particle is used to negate the action or state expressed by the verb. For example:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Unë s'moj !! Uhn-eh smoy !! I don't know | ||
| Ajo s'merr !! Ah-yoh smeh-rr !! She doesn't take | ||
| Ne s'fletim !! Nee smleh-teem !! We don't speak | ||
| Ju s'jeni !! Yoo smyeh-nee !! You (plural) aren't | ||
| Ata s'dalin !! Ah-tah smdah-leen !! They don't go out |
It is important to note that the particle s'm is not used with the verb to be. To form a negative sentence with the verb to be, the particle nuk is used instead. For example:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Unë nuk jam !! Uhn-eh nook yahm !! I am not | ||
| Ajo nuk është !! Ah-yoh nook eh-shteh !! She isn't | ||
| Ne nuk jemi !! Nee nook yeh-mee !! We are not | ||
| Ju nuk jeni !! Yoo nook yeh-nee !! You (plural) aren't | ||
| Ata nuk janë !! Ah-tah nook yah-neh !! They aren't |
Using Negative Sentences in Everyday Conversations
Negative sentences are used in everyday conversations to express a lack of knowledge, ability, or permission. For example:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Unë s'moj !! Uhn-eh smoy !! I don't know | ||
| Ajo s'mund të bëjë !! Ah-yoh smoond teh beh-yeh !! She can't do it | ||
| Ne s'kemi leje !! Nee skeh-mee leh-yeh !! We don't have permission | ||
| Ju s'keni kohë !! Yoo skeh-nee koh-heh !! You (plural) don't have time | ||
| Ata s'kanë mundësi !! Ah-tah skah-neh moo-ndeh-see !! They don't have the possibility |
Negative sentences can also be used to express a lack of desire or interest. For example:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Unë s'dua !! Uhn-eh sdoo-ah !! I don't want | ||
| Ajo s'ka interes !! Ah-yoh skah een-teh-rehs !! She has no interest | ||
| Ne s'kemi dëshirë !! Nee skeh-mee deh-shee-reh !! We don't have a desire | ||
| Ju s'keni nevojë !! Yoo skeh-nee neh-voy-yeh !! You (plural) don't have a need | ||
| Ata s'kanë dëshirë !! Ah-tah skah-neh deh-shee-reh !! They don't have a desire |
Negative sentences can also be used to express a lack of understanding or agreement. For example:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Unë s'kuptoj !! Uhn-eh skoop-toy !! I don't understand | ||
| Ajo s'pajtohet !! Ah-yoh spahy-toh-heht !! She doesn't agree | ||
| Ne s'pajtohemi !! Nee spahy-toh-heh-mee !! We don't agree | ||
| Ju s'pajtoheni !! Yoo spahy-toh-heh-nee !! You (plural) don't agree | ||
| Ata s'pajtohen !! Ah-tah spahy-toh-hehn !! They don't agree |
Negative sentences can also be used to express a lack of belief or certainty. For example:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Unë s'besoj !! Uhn-eh sbeh-soy !! I don't believe | ||
| Ajo s'është e sigurt !! Ah-yoh seh-shteh eh see-goorht !! She isn't sure | ||
| Ne s'jemi të sigurt !! Nee syeh-mee teh see-goorht !! We aren't sure | ||
| Ju s'jeni të sigurt !! Yoo syeh-nee teh see-goorht !! You (plural) aren't sure | ||
| Ata s'janë të sigurt !! Ah-tah yah-neh teh see-goorht !! They aren't sure |
Conclusion
In this lesson, we have looked at the basics of negation in Tosk Albanian. We have seen how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations. We have also seen some examples of how negative sentences can be used to express a lack of knowledge, ability, permission, desire, interest, understanding, agreement, belief, and certainty.
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