Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Time-and-Dates
| ◀️ Cardinal Numbers — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Adjectives and Nouns Agreement ▶️ |
Welcome to our lesson on Time and Dates in Tosk Albanian! Understanding how to express time and dates is a crucial part of mastering any language, and it’s especially important in Tosk Albanian. Whether you’re planning a meeting, discussing your daily routine, or simply chatting about your weekend plans, being able to express time accurately will greatly enhance your communication skills.
In this lesson, we will explore several key aspects of time and dates in Tosk Albanian. We will cover:
- Basic Vocabulary: Essential words related to time and dates.
- Asking for Time: How to inquire about the time.
- Telling the Time: Different ways to express and understand time.
- Days of the Week: Naming the days and discussing activities.
- Months and Seasons: Understanding the months of the year and seasonal expressions.
- Date Formats: How to express dates in various contexts.
By the end of this lesson, you’ll have a solid foundation in expressing time and dates, which will be invaluable as you continue your journey towards fluency.
Basic Vocabulary
Before diving into sentences and examples, let’s start with some essential vocabulary related to time and dates.
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ora | 'ora | hour |
| minuta | miˈnuta | minute |
| sekonda | seˈkonda | second |
| ditë | 'dite | day |
| javë | 'jave | week |
| muaj | 'muaj | month |
| vit | 'vit | year |
| mëngjes | mɛnˈdʒɛs | morning |
| pasdite | pasˈdite | afternoon |
| natë | 'natə | night |
Asking for Time
When you want to ask someone for the time in Tosk Albanian, you can use the phrase:
- Sa është ora? (What time is it?)
Here are some examples of asking for time:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Sa është ora? | sa ɛʃt 'ɔra? | What time is it? |
| A mund të më thuash sa është ora? | a mu̟nd tɛ mɛ 'θuash sa ɛʃt 'ɔra? | Can you tell me what time it is? |
| Cila orë është tani? | 'tsila 'ɔrɛ ɛʃt 'tani? | Which hour is it now? |
Telling the Time
Now, let’s look at how to tell the time. In Tosk Albanian, you can say the time in a straightforward way.
When telling the time, we typically use the following structure:
- Ora [number]
For example:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Ora një | 'ɔra ɲɛ | It’s one o’clock. |
| Ora dy | 'ɔra dy | It’s two o’clock. |
| Ora tre | 'ɔra trɛ | It’s three o’clock. |
| Ora katër | 'ɔra 'katɛr | It’s four o’clock. |
| Ora pesë | 'ɔra 'pɛsɛ | It’s five o’clock. |
| Ora gjashtë | 'ɔra 'dʒaʃtɛ | It’s six o’clock. |
| Ora shtatë | 'ɔra 'ʃtɑtɛ | It’s seven o’clock. |
| Ora tetë | 'ɔra 'tɛtɛ | It’s eight o’clock. |
| Ora nëntë | 'ɔra 'nɛntɛ | It’s nine o’clock. |
| Ora dhjetë | 'ɔra 'ðjɛtɛ | It’s ten o’clock. |
For minutes, you can add the number of minutes after the hour. For example:
- Ora dy e pesë (It’s five past two.)
To express minutes past the hour, you can use:
- e [number] (past)
- përpara [number] (to)
For example:
- Ora tre e njëmbëdhjetë (It’s eleven past three.)
- Ora katër e njëzet (It’s twenty past four.)
- Ora pesë përpara gjashtë (It’s five to six.)
Days of the Week
Knowing the days of the week is essential for discussing your schedule. Here is the list of days in Tosk Albanian:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| e hënë | e 'hɛnɛ | Monday |
| e martë | e 'martɛ | Tuesday |
| e mërkurë | e mɨr'kuɾɛ | Wednesday |
| e enjte | e 'eɲtɛ | Thursday |
| e premte | e 'prɛmtɛ | Friday |
| e shtunë | e 'ʃtune | Saturday |
| e diel | e 'dijɛl | Sunday |
You can use these days to form sentences about your weekly plans. For example:
- E premte, do të shkoj në kinema. (On Friday, I will go to the cinema.)
Months and Seasons
Next, let’s explore the months of the year and the seasons:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| janar | ja'nar | January |
| shkurt | 'ʃkurt | February |
| mars | 'mars | March |
| prill | 'pril | April |
| maj | 'maj | May |
| qershor | 'tʃɛr'ʃɔr | June |
| korrik | ko'rik | July |
| gusht | 'guʃt | August |
| shtator | ʃta'tɔr | September |
| tetor | te'tɔr | October |
| nëntor | nɛn'tɔr | November |
| dhjetor | dʒɛ'tɔr | December |
And the seasons:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| pranverë | prɑn'verɛ | spring |
| verë | 'vɛrɛ | summer |
| vjeshtë | 'vjɛshtɛ | autumn |
| dimër | 'dʌimɛr | winter |
You can create sentences like:
- Në qershor, është verë. (In June, it is summer.)
Date Formats
In Tosk Albanian, the date format typically follows the order: day - month - year.
For example:
- Sot është 5 shkurt 2023. (Today is February 5, 2023.)
Here are more examples:
| Tosk Albanian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| 1 janar 2023 | 1 ja'nar 2023 | January 1, 2023 |
| 14 mars 2023 | 14 mars 2023 | March 14, 2023 |
| 25 maj 2023 | 25 maj 2023 | May 25, 2023 |
| 30 nëntor 2023 | 30 nɛn'tɔr 2023 | November 30, 2023 |
To express the day of the week with the date, you can say:
- Sot është e martë, 14 mars 2023. (Today is Tuesday, March 14, 2023.)
Practice Exercises
Now that we've covered the fundamentals of time and dates in Tosk Albanian, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises:
Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blanks with the correct time using the vocabulary provided.
1. Ora ___ (two) e ___ (ten) (It’s two ten.)
2. ___ (Friday) do të shkoj në ___ (cinema). (On Friday, I will go to the cinema.)
3. ___ (seven) përpara ___ (eight). (It’s seven to eight.)
Solutions:
1. Ora dy e dhjetë.
2. E premte do të shkoj në kinema.
3. Ora shtatë përpara tetë.
Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences
Translate the following sentences into Tosk Albanian.
1. What time is it?
2. Today is Sunday.
3. It’s twenty past three.
Solutions:
1. Sa është ora?
2. Sot është e diel.
3. Ora tre e njëzet.
Exercise 3: Match the Days
Match the English days of the week with their Tosk Albanian equivalents.
1. Monday
2. Wednesday
3. Saturday
Solutions:
1. e hënë
2. e mërkurë
3. e shtunë
Exercise 4: Create a Sentence
Create a sentence using the following prompts:
- day
- activity
- time
Example: E martë, do të lexoj një libër në orën pesë. (On Tuesday, I will read a book at five o’clock.)
Solutions will vary based on student creativity!
Exercise 5: Describe the Month
Describe your favorite month using Tosk Albanian vocabulary related to months and activities.
Solutions will vary based on student creativity!
Exercise 6: Identify the Season
Identify the season in Tosk Albanian based on the month provided:
- March
- August
- December
Solutions:
- Mars: pranverë
- Gusht: verë
- Dhjetor: dimër
Exercise 7: Write the Date
Write the following dates in Tosk Albanian:
1. 4 April 2023
2. 12 November 2023
Solutions:
1. 4 prill 2023
2. 12 nëntor 2023
Exercise 8: Ask for Time
Role-play with a partner where one person asks for the time and another responds with a specific time.
Solutions will vary based on student interaction!
Exercise 9: Complete the Dialogue
Complete the following dialogue using the appropriate time-related vocabulary:
A: Sa është ora?
B: ___________
Solutions will vary based on student creativity!
Exercise 10: Create a Weekly Plan
Create a weekly plan using the days of the week and activities you will do.
Solutions will vary based on student creativity!
By practicing regularly and using the vocabulary and structures you learned in this lesson, you will become more comfortable with discussing time and dates in Tosk Albanian. Remember, practice makes perfect!
Other Lessons
- Verbs and Present Tense
- How to Use Be
- Nouns and Gender
- Questions
- To Be and To Have
- Question Words
- Gender
- Cardinal Numbers
- Negation
- Personal pronouns
| ◀️ Cardinal Numbers — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Adjectives and Nouns Agreement ▶️ |