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{{Georgian-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Georgian|Georgian]]  → [[Language/Georgian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Georgian|Georgian]]  → [[Language/Georgian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense</div>


__TOC__
Welcome to this engaging lesson on the '''Past Tense''' in Georgian! Understanding how to express past actions and events is crucial for effective communication in any language, and Georgian is no exception. As you embark on this journey, you'll discover not only the grammatical structure but also the beauty and nuances of recounting experiences in Georgian.
 
In this lesson, we will cover the following key aspects:
 
* '''The importance of the past tense''' in everyday conversation.


== Introduction ==
* '''Forming the past tense''' for different verb types.


Welcome to the lesson on the past tense in Georgian! In this lesson, we will explore how to form and use the past tense in order to talk about actions and events that happened in the past. The past tense is an essential aspect of the Georgian language, as it allows us to express ourselves in a more nuanced way and to engage in meaningful conversations with native speakers. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the past tense and be able to use it confidently in your own Georgian conversations.
* '''Examples''' illustrating the use of the past tense in various contexts.


To help you navigate through this lesson, we will begin by discussing the importance of the past tense in the context of the Georgian language. We will then delve into the details of forming and using the past tense, providing numerous examples along the way to illustrate each point. Additionally, we will explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of the past tense, as well as any interesting cultural facts or anecdotes that relate to this topic. Finally, we will conclude with a series of exercises and practice scenarios for you to apply what you have learned.
* '''Exercises''' to solidify your understanding and application of the past tense.


Let's get started!
By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in using the past tense, enabling you to share your experiences and stories in Georgian with confidence.


== Importance of the Past Tense in Georgian ==
__TOC__


The past tense is a crucial component of the Georgian language. It allows us to express actions and events that occurred in the past, enabling us to recount stories, share personal experiences, and discuss historical events. By mastering the past tense, you will be able to communicate more effectively and connect with native Georgian speakers on a deeper level.
=== The Importance of the Past Tense ===


Understanding the past tense is particularly important for beginner learners, as it provides a solid foundation for further language acquisition. Once you have a firm grasp of the past tense, you will be better equipped to learn other tenses and grammatical structures in Georgian. So, let's dive into the details of how to form and use the past tense!
The past tense allows us to narrate events that have already occurred, making it an essential part of storytelling and conversation. Whether you're sharing memories, discussing your day, or recounting historical events, being able to use the past tense effectively will enhance your communication skills in Georgian.


== Forming the Past Tense ==
=== Forming the Past Tense ===


In Georgian, the past tense is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. The suffixes vary depending on the verb class and the grammatical person. Let's take a closer look at how to form the past tense for each verb class.
In Georgian, verbs are conjugated according to tense, person, and number. The past tense has its own set of rules depending on the verb type. Let's break it down into manageable parts.


=== Verb Class I ===
==== Regular Verbs ====


In verb class I, the past tense suffixes are as follows:
Regular verbs in Georgian typically follow a predictable pattern when conjugated into the past tense. The most common endings for regular verbs are -ი (i) for singular and -ნენ (nen) for plural forms.


* First person singular: -ჩემ (-chem)
For instance:
* Second person singular: -ხემ (-khem)
* Third person singular: -ე (-e)
* First person plural: -ვით (-vit)
* Second person plural: -ხემთ (-khemt)
* Third person plural: -ენ (-en)


Here are some examples to illustrate the formation of the past tense in verb class I:
* The verb "to write" (წერვა - ts'erva) becomes "wrote" (წერე - ts'ere) in the past tense for singular and "wrote" (წერენ - ts'eren) for plural.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| მიყვარხარ (miqvar-khar) || [miqvarˈkʰɑr] || You loved
 
| წერდა || ts'erdɑ || he/she wrote
 
|-
|-
| მიყვარე (miqvar-e) || [miqvarˈɛ] || He/she loved
 
|-
| წერდნენ || ts'erdnen || they wrote
| მიყვარვით (miqvar-vit) || [miqvarˈvit] || We loved
 
|-
| მიყვარხემ (miqvar-khem) || [miqvarˈkʰɛm] || You loved
|-
| მიყვარხემთ (miqvar-khemt) || [miqvarˈkʰɛmt] || You loved
|-
| მიყვარენ (miqvar-en) || [miqvarˈɛn] || They loved
|}
|}


=== Verb Class II ===
==== Irregular Verbs ====


In verb class II, the past tense suffixes are as follows:
Irregular verbs can have significant deviations from standard patterns. Here are a few common irregular verbs:


* First person singular: -გემ (-gem)
* The verb "to go" (წასვლა - ts'asvla) changes to "went" (წასულა - ts'asula) in the past tense.
* Second person singular: -გემ (-gem)
* Third person singular: -გა (-ga)
* First person plural: -ვეთ (-vet)
* Second person plural: -გემთ (-gemt)
* Third person plural: -გნა (-gna)


Here are some examples to illustrate the formation of the past tense in verb class II:
{| class="wikitable"


{| class="wikitable"
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| მივარგემ (mi-var-gem) || [miˈvɑrgɛm] || I went
 
| წავიდა || ts'avidɑ || he/she went
 
|-
|-
| მიწაგემ (mi-tsag-em) || [miˈtsʼɑgɛm] || You stood
 
|-
| წავიდნენ || ts'avidnen || they went
| მიბრალგა (mi-bra-lg-a) || [miˈbrɑlgɑ] || He/she ate
 
|-
| მივარგემთ (mi-var-gemt) || [miˈvɑrgɛmt] || You went
|-
| მიწაგემთ (mi-tsag-emt) || [miˈtsʼɑgɛmt] || You stood
|-
| მიბრალგნა (mi-bra-lg-na) || [miˈbrɑlgna] || They ate
|}
|}


=== Verb Class III ===
==== Verb Conjugation Table ====


In verb class III, the past tense suffixes are as follows:
Here's a comprehensive table of common Georgian verbs in the past tense:


* First person singular: -მ (-m)
{| class="wikitable"
* Second person singular: -მ (-m)
* Third person singular: -ა (-a)
* First person plural: -ვთ (-vt)
* Second person plural: -მთ (-mt)
* Third person plural: -ან (-an)


Here are some examples to illustrate the formation of the past tense in verb class III:
! Georgian Verb !! Present Tense !! Past Tense (Singular) !! Past Tense (Plural)


{| class="wikitable"
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| მივიმსახურე (mi-vi-msa-khure) || [miˈvimˈsɑxurɛ] || I worked
 
| წერა || წერს || წერა || წერენ
 
|-
|-
| მითხრას (mi-tkh-ra-s) || [miˈtkʰrɑs] || You read
 
| წასვლა || მიდის || წავიდა || წავიდნენ
 
|-
|-
| მიკრძალა (mi-krdz-a-la) || [miˈkʰrdzɑlɑ] || He/she waited
 
| ხილვა || ხედავს || იხილა || იხილნენ
 
|-
|-
| მივიმსახურვთ (mi-vi-msa-khur-vt) || [miˈvimˈsɑxurvt] || We worked
 
| მოსვლა || მოდის || მოვიდა || მოვიდნენ
 
|-
|-
| მითხრამთ (mi-tkh-ra-mt) || [miˈtkʰrɑmt] || You read
 
|-
| თამაში || თამაშობს || ითამაშა || ითამაშეს
| მიკრძახენ (mi-krdz-a-kh-en) || [miˈkʰrdzɑxɛn] || They waited
 
|}
|}


=== Verb Class IV ===
=== Examples of the Past Tense in Context ===
 
Now that we have a grasp on the formation of the past tense, let’s look at some examples that illustrate its practical use.
 
1. '''I wrote a letter yesterday.'''
 
* Georgian: მე წერილი ვწერე გუშინ.
 
* Pronunciation: me ts'erili vts'ere gushin.
 
2. '''They went to the market last week.'''
 
* Georgian: ისინი ბაზარში წავიდნენ გასული კვირა.
 
* Pronunciation: isini bazarshi ts'avidnen gasuli kvira.
 
3. '''She saw a beautiful painting.'''
 
* Georgian: მან ლამაზი ნახატი იხილა.
 
* Pronunciation: man lamazi nakhati ikhila.
 
4. '''We played football last Saturday.'''
 
* Georgian: ჩვენ ფეხბურთი ვითამაშეთ გასულ შაბათს.
 
* Pronunciation: chven pekhburti vitamashet gasul shabats.
 
5. '''He finished his homework.'''
 
* Georgian: მან სახლის დავალება დაამთავრა.
 
* Pronunciation: man sakhlis davaleba damtavra.
 
6. '''I visited my grandmother yesterday.'''
 
* Georgian: მე ბებია ვნახე გუშინ.
 
* Pronunciation: me bebiya vnakhe gushin.
 
7. '''They danced all night.'''
 
* Georgian: მათ მთელი ღამე იც danced.
 
* Pronunciation: mat mteli ghame its'danced.
 
8. '''We traveled to Batumi last summer.'''
 
* Georgian: ჩვენ ბათუმში ვიმგზავრეთ გასულ ზაფხულში.


In verb class IV, the past tense suffixes are as follows:
* Pronunciation: chven batumshi vimgzavret gasul zafkhulshi.


* First person singular: -ვით (-vit)
9. '''She cooked dinner last night.'''
* Second person singular: -თით (-tit)
* Third person singular: -ით (-it)
* First person plural: -ვითთა (-vit-ta)
* Second person plural: -თითთა (-tit-ta)
* Third person plural: -ითთა (-it-ta)


Here are some examples to illustrate the formation of the past tense in verb class IV:
* Georgian: მან ვახშამი მოამზადა წუხელ.


{| class="wikitable"
* Pronunciation: man vakhsami moamzadа tsukhеl.
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
10. '''He read a book last month.'''
| დამიწყეს (da-mi-ts-qes) || [dɑˈmit͡sʼkʰɛs] || I started
 
|-
* Georgian: მან წიგნი წინა თვეში წაიკითხა.
| გამართეთ (ga-ma-rte-t) || [gɑmɑrtɛt] || You turned
 
|-
* Pronunciation: man ts'igni ts'ina tveshi ts'aik'itha.
| წამიყვარეთ (tsa-mi-qva-ret) || [tsʼɑmiqʼvɑrɛt] || You loved
 
|-
11. '''I met my friend yesterday.'''
| დამიწყესთა (da-mi-ts-qes-ta) || [dɑˈmit͡sʼkʰɛstɑ] || We started
 
|-
* Georgian: მე მეგობარი ვნახე გუშინ.
| გამართეთთა (ga-ma-rte-ta) || [gɑmɑrtɛtɑ] || You turned
 
|-
* Pronunciation: me megobari vnakhe gushin.
| წამიყვარეთთა (tsa-mi-qva-ret-ta) || [tsʼɑmiqʼvɑrɛttɑ] || You loved
 
|}
12. '''We learned Georgian phrases.'''
 
* Georgian: ჩვენ ქართული ფრაზები ვისწავლეთ.
 
* Pronunciation: chven kartuli prazevi vist'vlet.
 
13. '''They watched a movie last weekend.'''
 
* Georgian: მათ ფილმი უყურეს გასულ ექვსშაბათს.
 
* Pronunciation: mat pilmi ughures gasul ekvshabats.
 
14. '''She bought a dress last month.'''
 
* Georgian: მან კაბა იყიდა გასულ თვეში.
 
* Pronunciation: man kaba ikhida gasul tveshi.
 
15. '''I found my keys yesterday.'''
 
* Georgian: მე გასაღებები ვიპოვე გუშინ.
 
* Pronunciation: me gasagebi vipove gushin.
 
16. '''We celebrated New Year’s Eve last year.'''
 
* Georgian: ჩვენ ახალი წლის ღამე აღვნიშნეთ გასულ წელს.
 
* Pronunciation: chven akhali ts'lis ghame avnishnet gasul ts'els.
 
17. '''He helped his brother last week.'''
 
* Georgian: მან ძმას დაეხმარა გასულ კვირას.
 
* Pronunciation: man dzmas daekhmarа gasul kvira.
 
18. '''They played a game last night.'''
 
* Georgian: მათ თამაში ითამაშეს წუხელ.
 
* Pronunciation: mat tamashi itamashe tsukhеl.
 
19. '''I studied for the exam.'''
 
* Georgian: მე გამოცდისთვის ვისწავლე.
 
* Pronunciation: me gamotsdisthvis vist'vle.
 
20. '''She cleaned the house last weekend.'''
 
* Georgian: მან სახლი გაწვდილი გასულ ექვსშაბათს.
 
* Pronunciation: man sakhli gats'vdili gasul ekvshabats.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
To help you apply what you've learned, here are some exercises.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences with the correct past tense form of the verb in parentheses.
 
1. მე (წერო) _______ წერილი გუშინ.
 
2. მათ (წასვლა) _______ ზღვა გასულ ზაფხულში.
 
3. მან (ხვდება) _______ მეგობარი წინა კვირას.
 
4. ჩვენ (მოდიხარ) _______ ბათუმში გასულ სეზონში.
 
5. ისინი (დაიწყო) _______ სწავლა მარტში.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. ვწერე
 
2. წავიდნენ
 
3. ნახა
 
4. მოვედით
 
5. დაიწყეს
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences ====


== Using the Past Tense ==
Translate the following sentences into Georgian.


Now that we have learned how to form the past tense in Georgian, let's explore how to use it in different contexts. The past tense is typically used to talk about actions and events that have already happened in the past. It allows us to express completed actions, state past facts, and describe past experiences. Here are some common ways to use the past tense:
1. I saw a movie last night.


=== Expressing Completed Actions ===
2. They played football last Saturday.


The past tense is often used to talk about actions that were completed in the past. For example:
3. She cooked dinner.


* მე წამიყვარებდი (me tsam-i-qva-reb-di) - I loved him/her.
4. We traveled to Tbilisi last week.
* რამდენი საათი მივარგავს (ram-den-i sa-at-i mi-var-gavs) - How many hours did it take?


=== Stating Past Facts ===
5. He finished his homework.


The past tense is also used to state facts that were true in the past but may or may not be true in the present. For example:
'''Answers:'''


* ის სასურველი ქალი იყო (is sa-sur-vel-i qali i-qo) - She was a beautiful woman.
1. მე ფილმი ვნახე წუხელ.
* სამწუხაროდ, როცა კაცი მეტყვას (sa-mts-u-khar-od, rots-a ka-si met-qvas) - Unfortunately, when a person dies.


=== Describing Past Experiences ===
2. მათ ფეხბურთი ითამაშეს გასულ შაბათს.


The past tense is used to describe past experiences and events. It allows us to share stories and narratives. For example:
3. მან ვახშამი მოამზადა.


* როგორ გადაიტანს შინაური ფრთები (ro-gor ga-da-i-tans shi-na-u-ri p-rteb-i) - How to overcome internal fears.
4. ჩვენ თბილისი ვიმგზავრეთ გასულ კვირას.
* მეწყერი ისტორია გამაცალკევეთისა და სოციალური სიმძლავრების გამოყენების შესახებ (me-ts-qer-i i-sto-ri-a ga-ma-ts-a-lke-vet-i-sa da so-tsia-lu-ri si-m-dz-la-vreb-is ga-mo-qe-neb-i-s she-sa-xe-b)


== Regional Variations and Cultural Insights ==
5. მან სახლის დავალება დაამთავრა.


While the past tense is generally consistent across the Georgian language, there may be some regional variations in its usage or understanding. These variations can be influenced by dialects, historical influences, or cultural practices. Let's explore some interesting cultural insights related to the past tense in Georgian.
==== Exercise 3: Verb Conjugation ====


In the regions of Western Georgia, such as Samegrelo and Guria, the past tense is often used to convey a sense of nostalgia or longing for the past. This cultural practice reflects the deep connection that the people of Western Georgia have with their history and traditions. For example, individuals may use the past tense to describe past events in a way that evokes a strong emotional response or a sense of longing for the past.
Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense for the singular and plural forms.


In addition to regional variations, the past tense in Georgian is also influenced by historical factors. Throughout Georgia's history, the country has been influenced by various conquerors and neighboring cultures. As a result, the Georgian language has incorporated words and grammatical structures from different languages, including Persian, Turkish, and Russian. These historical influences have shaped the development of the past tense in Georgian and contribute to its richness and complexity.
1. წერა (to write)


== Exercises ==
2. წასვლა (to go)


Now it's time to put your knowledge of the past tense into practice! Here are some exercises and practice scenarios for you to apply what you have learned:
3. თამაში (to play)


1. Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense:
'''Answers:'''
* მოვიდა (mo-vi-da) - to come
* გამოვიდა (ga-mo-vi-da) - to go
* გავიარე (ga-vi-a-re) - to pass
* წავიდა (tsa-vi-da) - to leave
* მიხვიდა (mi-kvi-da) - to bring


2. Translate the following sentences into Georgian:
1. წერდა (singular), წერდნენ (plural)
* I visited Tbilisi last summer.
* Did you see the movie last night?
* She read the book in one day.


3. Write a short paragraph in Georgian describing a memorable event from your past. Use the past tense to convey the details and emotions of the experience.
2. წავიდა (singular), წავიდნენ (plural)


== Solutions ==
3. ითამაშა (singular), ითამაშეს (plural)


Here are the solutions to the exercises:
==== Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences ====


1. Conjugation of the verbs in the past tense:
Write three sentences in Georgian using the past tense.
* მოვიდა (mo-vi-da) - მოვიდა (mo-vi-da)
* გამოვიდა (ga-mo-vi-da) - გამოვიდა (ga-mo-vi-da)
* გავიარე (ga-vi-a-re) - გავიარე (ga-vi-a-re)
* წავიდა (tsa-vi-da) - წავიდა (tsa-vi-da)
* მიხვიდა (mi-kvi-da) - მიხვიდა (mi-kvi-da)


2. Translation of the sentences into Georgian:
'''Example Answers:'''
* I visited Tbilisi last summer. - მე ვიზიტირებდი თბილისში გასულ გარემოში.
* Did you see the movie last night? - შენ ნახე ფილმს გუშინ?
* She read the book in one day. - ის წაიკითხა წიგნი ერთ დღეში.


3. Example paragraph:
1. მე წიგნი წავიკითხე გუშინ. (I read a book yesterday.)
ჩემი პირველი გამოცემა მარტში მოხდა. მე წავიდა სახლიდან და მივიდა პარკში. იქ მეტყველად იკარგებოდა და მეტყვის: "უარი წავიდე, მარიამო!" მე გავიგებდი, რომ იგი კარგად იცის პროგნოზს. პარკში ჩარაცხებული ყარბი ბურთულის გველები ჩანს და მეტყვის: "წავიდე, მარიამო, ბურთულს მეტყვის კაცი!" მე გავიგებდი, რომ იგი წამოიყვანს ბურთულს. შემდეგ, მე წავიდა სახლში და გავიგებდი, რომ ჩემი პირველი გამოცემა მარიამოს მიმართებაზე მიმდევარი იყო.


== Conclusion ==
2. ჩვენ ფანტასტიური ვახშამი მოვამზადეთ. (We prepared a fantastic dinner.)


Congratulations! You have successfully completed the lesson on the past tense in Georgian. In this lesson, we explored how to form and use the past tense, and we discussed its importance in the context of the Georgian language. We also learned about regional variations in the usage of the past tense and discovered interesting cultural insights related to this topic.
3. მან მეგობრებთან ერთად წავიდა. (She went with friends.)


By mastering the past tense, you have taken a significant step towards becoming fluent in Georgian. The past tense allows you to express yourself more effectively and engage in meaningful conversations with native speakers. Keep practicing and applying what you have learned, and soon you will be able to use the past tense with confidence and ease.
=== Conclusion ===


Well done, and keep up the great work!
Mastering the past tense in Georgian opens up a world of expression for you. It's the key to sharing stories, experiences, and emotions, making your language learning journey all the more enriching. Remember, practice makes perfect, so don’t hesitate to revisit these exercises and examples as often as you need. Happy learning!


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|title=Georgian Grammar → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense
 
|keywords=Georgian grammar, Georgian verbs, Georgian past tense, Georgian language, Georgian course
|title=Georgian Grammar: Understanding the Past Tense
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the past tense in Georgian. The past tense is an important aspect of the Georgian language, allowing you to talk about actions and events that happened in the past. You will also explore regional variations in the usage of the past tense and learn interesting cultural facts related to this topic.
 
|keywords=Georgian language, Georgian grammar, past tense, language learning, beginner's Georgian
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the past tense in Georgian, along with exercises to practice your skills.
 
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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 15:11, 1 August 2024

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️

Georgian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Georgian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Past Tense

Welcome to this engaging lesson on the Past Tense in Georgian! Understanding how to express past actions and events is crucial for effective communication in any language, and Georgian is no exception. As you embark on this journey, you'll discover not only the grammatical structure but also the beauty and nuances of recounting experiences in Georgian.

In this lesson, we will cover the following key aspects:

  • The importance of the past tense in everyday conversation.
  • Forming the past tense for different verb types.
  • Examples illustrating the use of the past tense in various contexts.
  • Exercises to solidify your understanding and application of the past tense.

By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in using the past tense, enabling you to share your experiences and stories in Georgian with confidence.

The Importance of the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

The past tense allows us to narrate events that have already occurred, making it an essential part of storytelling and conversation. Whether you're sharing memories, discussing your day, or recounting historical events, being able to use the past tense effectively will enhance your communication skills in Georgian.

Forming the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

In Georgian, verbs are conjugated according to tense, person, and number. The past tense has its own set of rules depending on the verb type. Let's break it down into manageable parts.

Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in Georgian typically follow a predictable pattern when conjugated into the past tense. The most common endings for regular verbs are -ი (i) for singular and -ნენ (nen) for plural forms.

For instance:

  • The verb "to write" (წერვა - ts'erva) becomes "wrote" (წერე - ts'ere) in the past tense for singular and "wrote" (წერენ - ts'eren) for plural.
Georgian Pronunciation English
წერდა ts'erdɑ he/she wrote
წერდნენ ts'erdnen they wrote

Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs can have significant deviations from standard patterns. Here are a few common irregular verbs:

  • The verb "to go" (წასვლა - ts'asvla) changes to "went" (წასულა - ts'asula) in the past tense.
Georgian Pronunciation English
წავიდა ts'avidɑ he/she went
წავიდნენ ts'avidnen they went

Verb Conjugation Table[edit | edit source]

Here's a comprehensive table of common Georgian verbs in the past tense:

Georgian Verb Present Tense Past Tense (Singular) Past Tense (Plural)
წერა წერს წერა წერენ
წასვლა მიდის წავიდა წავიდნენ
ხილვა ხედავს იხილა იხილნენ
მოსვლა მოდის მოვიდა მოვიდნენ
თამაში თამაშობს ითამაშა ითამაშეს

Examples of the Past Tense in Context[edit | edit source]

Now that we have a grasp on the formation of the past tense, let’s look at some examples that illustrate its practical use.

1. I wrote a letter yesterday.

  • Georgian: მე წერილი ვწერე გუშინ.
  • Pronunciation: me ts'erili vts'ere gushin.

2. They went to the market last week.

  • Georgian: ისინი ბაზარში წავიდნენ გასული კვირა.
  • Pronunciation: isini bazarshi ts'avidnen gasuli kvira.

3. She saw a beautiful painting.

  • Georgian: მან ლამაზი ნახატი იხილა.
  • Pronunciation: man lamazi nakhati ikhila.

4. We played football last Saturday.

  • Georgian: ჩვენ ფეხბურთი ვითამაშეთ გასულ შაბათს.
  • Pronunciation: chven pekhburti vitamashet gasul shabats.

5. He finished his homework.

  • Georgian: მან სახლის დავალება დაამთავრა.
  • Pronunciation: man sakhlis davaleba damtavra.

6. I visited my grandmother yesterday.

  • Georgian: მე ბებია ვნახე გუშინ.
  • Pronunciation: me bebiya vnakhe gushin.

7. They danced all night.

  • Georgian: მათ მთელი ღამე იც danced.
  • Pronunciation: mat mteli ghame its'danced.

8. We traveled to Batumi last summer.

  • Georgian: ჩვენ ბათუმში ვიმგზავრეთ გასულ ზაფხულში.
  • Pronunciation: chven batumshi vimgzavret gasul zafkhulshi.

9. She cooked dinner last night.

  • Georgian: მან ვახშამი მოამზადა წუხელ.
  • Pronunciation: man vakhsami moamzadа tsukhеl.

10. He read a book last month.

  • Georgian: მან წიგნი წინა თვეში წაიკითხა.
  • Pronunciation: man ts'igni ts'ina tveshi ts'aik'itha.

11. I met my friend yesterday.

  • Georgian: მე მეგობარი ვნახე გუშინ.
  • Pronunciation: me megobari vnakhe gushin.

12. We learned Georgian phrases.

  • Georgian: ჩვენ ქართული ფრაზები ვისწავლეთ.
  • Pronunciation: chven kartuli prazevi vist'vlet.

13. They watched a movie last weekend.

  • Georgian: მათ ფილმი უყურეს გასულ ექვსშაბათს.
  • Pronunciation: mat pilmi ughures gasul ekvshabats.

14. She bought a dress last month.

  • Georgian: მან კაბა იყიდა გასულ თვეში.
  • Pronunciation: man kaba ikhida gasul tveshi.

15. I found my keys yesterday.

  • Georgian: მე გასაღებები ვიპოვე გუშინ.
  • Pronunciation: me gasagebi vipove gushin.

16. We celebrated New Year’s Eve last year.

  • Georgian: ჩვენ ახალი წლის ღამე აღვნიშნეთ გასულ წელს.
  • Pronunciation: chven akhali ts'lis ghame avnishnet gasul ts'els.

17. He helped his brother last week.

  • Georgian: მან ძმას დაეხმარა გასულ კვირას.
  • Pronunciation: man dzmas daekhmarа gasul kvira.

18. They played a game last night.

  • Georgian: მათ თამაში ითამაშეს წუხელ.
  • Pronunciation: mat tamashi itamashe tsukhеl.

19. I studied for the exam.

  • Georgian: მე გამოცდისთვის ვისწავლე.
  • Pronunciation: me gamotsdisthvis vist'vle.

20. She cleaned the house last weekend.

  • Georgian: მან სახლი გაწვდილი გასულ ექვსშაბათს.
  • Pronunciation: man sakhli gats'vdili gasul ekvshabats.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

To help you apply what you've learned, here are some exercises.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct past tense form of the verb in parentheses.

1. მე (წერო) _______ წერილი გუშინ.

2. მათ (წასვლა) _______ ზღვა გასულ ზაფხულში.

3. მან (ხვდება) _______ მეგობარი წინა კვირას.

4. ჩვენ (მოდიხარ) _______ ბათუმში გასულ სეზონში.

5. ისინი (დაიწყო) _______ სწავლა მარტში.

Answers:

1. ვწერე

2. წავიდნენ

3. ნახა

4. მოვედით

5. დაიწყეს

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Georgian.

1. I saw a movie last night.

2. They played football last Saturday.

3. She cooked dinner.

4. We traveled to Tbilisi last week.

5. He finished his homework.

Answers:

1. მე ფილმი ვნახე წუხელ.

2. მათ ფეხბურთი ითამაშეს გასულ შაბათს.

3. მან ვახშამი მოამზადა.

4. ჩვენ თბილისი ვიმგზავრეთ გასულ კვირას.

5. მან სახლის დავალება დაამთავრა.

Exercise 3: Verb Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense for the singular and plural forms.

1. წერა (to write)

2. წასვლა (to go)

3. თამაში (to play)

Answers:

1. წერდა (singular), წერდნენ (plural)

2. წავიდა (singular), წავიდნენ (plural)

3. ითამაშა (singular), ითამაშეს (plural)

Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write three sentences in Georgian using the past tense.

Example Answers:

1. მე წიგნი წავიკითხე გუშინ. (I read a book yesterday.)

2. ჩვენ ფანტასტიური ვახშამი მოვამზადეთ. (We prepared a fantastic dinner.)

3. მან მეგობრებთან ერთად წავიდა. (She went with friends.)

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Mastering the past tense in Georgian opens up a world of expression for you. It's the key to sharing stories, experiences, and emotions, making your language learning journey all the more enriching. Remember, practice makes perfect, so don’t hesitate to revisit these exercises and examples as often as you need. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Georgian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Alphabet and Sounds


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Cases


Family and Relationships


Food and Drink


Verbs and Tenses


Transportation and Directions


Holidays and Celebrations


Adjectives and Adverbs


Shopping and Services


Arts and Entertainment


Prepositions


Work and Employment


Georgian History and Geography

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️

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