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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovak|Slovak]]  → [[Language/Slovak/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovak/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovak|Slovak]]  → [[Language/Slovak/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovak/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions</div>
Welcome to the lesson on prepositions in Slovak! Prepositions are a crucial part of any language as they help connect words, phrases, and clauses, allowing us to express relationships between different elements in a sentence. In Slovak, prepositions play an equally important role, helping us convey meanings related to time, place, direction, and more.
As English speakers learning Slovak, you may find that some prepositions behave differently than in English. This lesson aims to guide you through the intricacies of Slovak prepositions, their forms, and when to use them. We'll explore a variety of examples and practice scenarios to help solidify your understanding.
'''Lesson Outline:'''
1. Introduction to Prepositions
2. Types of Prepositions
* Prepositions of Place
* Prepositions of Time
* Prepositions of Direction
3. Prepositions with Cases
4. Examples of Prepositions in Use
5. Practice Exercises
6. Conclusion
__TOC__
__TOC__


In this lesson, we will explore the topic of prepositions in the Slovak language. Prepositions are an essential part of any language as they help us understand and express relationships between different elements in a sentence. By mastering prepositions, you will be able to communicate more effectively in Slovak and improve your overall language skills.
=== Introduction to Prepositions ===
 
Prepositions are small words that can have a significant impact on the meaning of a sentence. They often indicate how different elements relate to one another. In Slovak, prepositions can change based on the grammatical case of the nouns they accompany. This may seem complex at first, but with practice, you will find it becomes much easier to navigate!
 
=== Types of Prepositions ===
 
Understanding the different types of prepositions is essential for mastering their use in Slovak. Let's dive into three main categories: place, time, and direction.
 
==== Prepositions of Place ====
 
Prepositions of place help us describe where something is located. Here are some common Slovak prepositions of place:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Slovak !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| na || nah || on, at
 
|-
 
| v || v || in
 
|-
 
| pod || pod || under
 
|-
 
| nad || nahd || above
 
|-
 
| medzi || medzi || between
 
|}
 
For example:


Throughout this lesson, we will delve into the details of prepositions, including their different forms and when to use them. We will provide numerous examples to illustrate each point and ensure that you have a clear understanding of how to use prepositions correctly.
1. '''Kniha je na stole.''' (The book is on the table.)


Before we begin, it is important to note that the usage of prepositions can vary across different regions or dialects of the Slovak language. We will explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of prepositions and discuss any historical reasons for these differences. This will provide you with a deeper insight into the cultural and linguistic context of the Slovak language.
2. '''Pes je v dome.''' (The dog is in the house.)


Let's start by exploring the basic function of prepositions in Slovak. Prepositions are words that establish a connection between other words in a sentence. They typically indicate location, direction, time, manner, or the relationship between two elements. For example, in the sentence "Na stole leží kniha" (The book is lying on the table), the preposition "na" (on) indicates the location of the book in relation to the table.
3. '''Mäso je pod stolom.''' (The meat is under the table.)


Slovak prepositions can take different forms depending on the case they are used with. As you may have learned in previous lessons, Slovak is a highly inflected language, meaning that nouns, pronouns, and adjectives change their form based on their grammatical case. Prepositions are no exception to this rule.
4. '''Lampa je nad stolom.''' (The lamp is above the table.)


Here is a table illustrating the different forms of the preposition "na" (on) in Slovak:
5. '''Stolička je medzi dvoma stoličkami.''' (The chair is between two chairs.)
 
==== Prepositions of Time ====
 
Prepositions of time indicate when something happens. Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovak !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovak !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| na + Nominative || na || on
 
| o || oh || at
 
|-
|-
| na + Locative || na || on the
 
| v || v || in
 
|-
|-
| na + Accusative || na || onto
 
| do || doh || until, by
 
|-
|-
| na + Instrumental || na || on the (with)
 
| po || poh || after
 
|-
|-
| na + Dative || na || on the (to)
 
| pred || pred || before
 
|}
|}


As you can see from the table above, the preposition "na" changes its form depending on the case it is used with. This is just one example, and there are many other prepositions in Slovak that follow similar patterns. It is important to familiarize yourself with these different forms and practice using them in context.
Examples include:
 
1. '''Stretneme sa o piatej.''' (We will meet at five o'clock.)
 
2. '''Ona sa narodila v júli.''' (She was born in July.)
 
3. '''Musíme to urobiť do zajtra.''' (We must do it by tomorrow.)
 
4. '''Po obede ideme na prechádzku.''' (We will go for a walk after lunch.)
 
5. '''Pred večerou sa umyjem.''' (I will wash before dinner.)
 
==== Prepositions of Direction ====
 
Prepositions of direction indicate movement towards a location. Here are some Slovak prepositions of direction:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Slovak !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| do || doh || to, into
 
|-
 
| na || nah || to, onto
 
|-
 
| k || keh || to, towards
 
|-
 
| z || z || from
 
|-
 
| zaujímavý || zaujímavý || interesting (added for context)
 
|}
 
Examples of direction prepositions:
 
1. '''Ideme do školy.''' (We are going to school.)
 
2. '''Hráme na ihrisku.''' (We are playing on the playground.)
 
3. '''Ona ide k lekárovi.''' (She is going to the doctor.)
 
4. '''Prichádzam z mesta.''' (I am coming from the city.)
 
5. '''On sa zaujíma o umenie.''' (He is interested in art.)
 
=== Prepositions with Cases ===
 
In Slovak, prepositions are closely tied to grammatical cases. Depending on the preposition, the noun following it will change form. This means that you need to be aware of the case that goes with each preposition. For example, some prepositions require the '''genitive case''', while others require the '''locative case'''.
 
Here is a quick overview of how some prepositions correspond with cases:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Preposition !! Required Case !! Example
 
|-
 
| na || accusative/locative || na stôl (on the table) / na stole (on the table)
 
|-
 
| v || locative || v dome (in the house)
 
|-
 
| do || genitive || do školy (to school)
 
|-
 
| k || dative || k lekárovi (to the doctor)
 
|-
 
| z || genitive || z mesta (from the city)
 
|}
 
Familiarizing yourself with these relationships is crucial for constructing correct sentences.
 
=== Examples of Prepositions in Use ===
 
Now, let's dive into more detailed examples to illustrate the usage of Slovak prepositions in various contexts. This will help you see how they function in everyday conversation.
 
1. '''Kde je tvoj mobil?'''
 
* '''Translation:''' Where is your mobile?
 
* '''Usage:''' The question uses "je" (is) with the preposition "kde" (where) to inquire about location.
 
2. '''Bola som v Bratislave.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' I was in Bratislava.
 
* '''Usage:''' Here, "v" (in) indicates the location of the speaker.
 
3. '''Učím sa po práci.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' I study after work.
 
* '''Usage:''' The preposition "po" (after) shows the timing of the action.
 
4. '''Ideme na koncert.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' We are going to a concert.
 
* '''Usage:''' The preposition "na" (to) expresses the direction of movement.
 
5. '''Pohár je pod stolom.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' The glass is under the table.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Pod" (under) describes the location of the glass.
 
6. '''Ona odchádza do zahraničia.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' She is leaving for abroad.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Do" (to) indicates the direction of movement.
 
7. '''Prídeme k tebe.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' We will come to you.
 
* '''Usage:''' "K" (to) shows the direction towards the listener.
 
8. '''Ona sa narodila v Bratislave.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' She was born in Bratislava.
 
* '''Usage:''' Again, "v" (in) specifies the location of her birth.
 
9. '''Ideme na dovolenku.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' We are going on vacation.
 
* '''Usage:''' This example uses "na" (on) to describe the purpose of the trip.
 
10. '''Boli sme pred domom.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' We were in front of the house.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Pred" (in front of) indicates the location relative to the house.
 
11. '''Musím to urobiť do piatku.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' I must do it by Friday.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Do" (by) indicates a deadline.
 
12. '''Ona sa učí po škole.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' She studies after school.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Po" (after) shows when she studies.
 
13. '''Dieťa je medzi rodičmi.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' The child is between the parents.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Medzi" (between) describes the child's location.
 
14. '''Stojím pred zrkadlom.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' I stand in front of the mirror.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Pred" (in front of) indicates position.
 
15. '''On ide z práce.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' He is coming from work.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Z" (from) shows the origin of movement.
 
16. '''Na stole je kniha.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' There is a book on the table.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Na" (on) specifies where the book is located.
 
17. '''Kde je tvoj priateľ?'''
 
* '''Translation:''' Where is your friend?
 
* '''Usage:''' "Kde" (where) is used to inquire about location.
 
18. '''Môžem ísť s tebou?'''
 
* '''Translation:''' Can I go with you?
 
* '''Usage:''' The preposition "s" (with) indicates companionship.
 
19. '''Ona je na ceste do školy.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' She is on her way to school.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Na" (on) indicates the direction of travel.
 
20. '''Sú tam dva stoly.'''
 
* '''Translation:''' There are two tables over there.
 
* '''Usage:''' "Tam" (there) indicates location.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
To help reinforce your understanding of Slovak prepositions, let's try some practice exercises. These exercises will allow you to apply what you've learned about prepositions in various contexts.
 
'''Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks'''
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition from the list: na, v, do, k, z.
 
1. Idem ___ domov. (I am going home.)
 
2. Kniha je ___ polici. (The book is on the shelf.)
 
3. Pracujem ___ kancelárii. (I work in the office.)
 
4. Ona ide ___ lekárovi. (She is going to the doctor.)
 
5. Prišiel ___ školy. (He came from school.)
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. do
 
2. na
 
3. v
 
4. k
 
5. z
 
'''Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences'''
 
Translate the following Slovak sentences into English.
 
1. V lete ideme na dovolenku.
 
2. Je pod stolom.
 
3. Musím to urobiť do pondelka.
 
4. Kde je tvoj pes?
 
5. Stojím pred obchodom.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. In summer, we go on vacation.
 
2. It is under the table.
 
3. I must do it by Monday.
 
4. Where is your dog?
 
5. I am standing in front of the store.
 
'''Exercise 3: Choose the Correct Preposition'''
 
Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentences.
 
1. Ona je ___ škola. (in/on)
 
* a) na
 
* b) v
 
2. Ideme ___ hory. (to/into)
 
* a) do
 
* b) na
 
3. Kde je tvoj mobil ___? (at/on)
 
* a) na
 
* b) v
 
4. Musím prísť ___ štyroch. (by/at)


Now, let's explore some common prepositions in Slovak and their usage:
* a) do


1. "V" (in, at)
* b) o
  - V kuchyni je veľa jedla. (There is a lot of food in the kitchen.)
  - V pondelok idem do práce. (I go to work on Monday.)


2. "Pod" (under)
5. Prišla som ___ práce. (from/to)
  - Pod stolom je kôš na odpadky. (There is a trash bin under the table.)
  - Pod stromom je tieň. (There is shade under the tree.)


3. "Pred" (in front of, before)
* a) z
  - Pred domom je parkovisko. (There is a parking lot in front of the house.)
  - Pred obedom si umyjem ruky. (I wash my hands before lunch.)


4. "Po" (after)
* b) do
  - Po škole idem na tréning. (I go to practice after school.)
  - Po večeri si čítam knihu. (I read a book after dinner.)


5. "S" (with)
'''Answers:'''
  - Idem na prechádzku s priateľom. (I am going for a walk with a friend.)
  - Objednala som si pizzu s hubami. (I ordered a pizza with mushrooms.)


Now that we have covered some common prepositions in Slovak, let's move on to some practice exercises.  
1. b) v


Exercise 1:
2. a) do
Complete the following sentences with the appropriate preposition:


1. Knihu som položil ____ stôl.
3. a) na
2. Idem ____ kino s bratom.
3. Po večeri si zvyknem ísť ____ prechádzku.
4. Pred školou stojí autobus.
5. V lete chodíme ____ pláž.


Solution:
4. a) do
1. Knihu som položil na stôl. (The book is lying on the table.)
2. Idem do kina s bratom. (I am going to the cinema with my brother.)
3. Po večeri si zvyknem ísť na prechádzku. (I usually go for a walk after dinner.)
4. Pred školou stojí autobus. (The bus is standing in front of the school.)
5. V lete chodíme na pláž. (In summer, we go to the beach.)


Exercise 2:
5. a) z
Translate the following sentences into Slovak:


1. I live in a small apartment.
'''Exercise 4: Write Sentences'''
2. The cat is sleeping on the couch.
3. We are going to the mountains on Saturday.
4. The concert starts at 8 o'clock.
5. She is studying with her friends.


Solution:
Using the prepositions provided, write your own sentences.
1. Bývam v malom byte.
2. Mačka spí na pohovke.
3. V sobotu ideme do hôr.
4. Koncert začína o ôsmej.
5. Ona sa učí so svojimi priateľmi.


Congratulations! You have successfully completed the practice exercises. By applying what you have learned in this lesson, you are well on your way to mastering the usage of prepositions in Slovak.
1. do


In this lesson, we have explored the importance of prepositions in the Slovak language and provided a comprehensive overview of their usage. We have covered different forms of prepositions based on the case they are used with and provided numerous examples to illustrate their usage in context. Additionally, we have included practice exercises to reinforce your understanding of the topic.
2. na


Remember to practice using prepositions in your everyday conversations and written exercises to further solidify your knowledge. The more you engage with the language, the more natural and intuitive the usage of prepositions will become.
3. pred


Keep up the great work, and I look forward to our next lesson together!
4. medzi
 
5. po
 
'''Example Answers:'''
 
1. Idem do mesta. (I am going to the city.)
 
2. Kniha je na stole. (The book is on the table.)
 
3. Stojím pred domom. (I am standing in front of the house.)
 
4. Dieťa je medzi rodičmi. (The child is between the parents.)
 
5. Po večeri ideme na prechádzku. (After dinner, we will go for a walk.)
 
'''Exercise 5: Match the Prepositions with the Cases'''
 
Match the prepositions to the corresponding cases.
 
1. na
 
2. do
 
3. z
 
4. k
 
5. v
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Accusative/Locative
 
2. Genitive
 
3. Genitive
 
4. Dative
 
5. Locative
 
'''Exercise 6: Fill in the Correct Case'''
 
Fill in the correct case for the following nouns based on the prepositions provided.
 
1. Idem ___ (škola) do. (I am going to school.)
 
2. Kniha je ___ (stôl) na. (The book is on the table.)
 
3. Prišiel som ___ (obchod) z. (I came from the store.)
 
4. Ona ide ___ (lekár) k. (She is going to the doctor.)
 
5. Stojím ___ (park) v. (I am standing in the park.)
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. školy (genitive)
 
2. stole (locative)
 
3. obchodu (genitive)
 
4. lekárovi (dative)
 
5. v parku (locative)
 
'''Exercise 7: Create Questions'''
 
Create questions using the prepositions given.
 
1. na (What is on the table?)
 
2. v (Where is the dog?)
 
3. do (Where are we going?)
 
4. k (Who are you going to?)
 
5. z (Where are you coming from?)
 
'''Example Questions:'''
 
1. Čo je na stole? (What is on the table?)
 
2. Kde je pes? (Where is the dog?)
 
3. Kam ideme? (Where are we going?)
 
4. K komu ideš? (Who are you going to?)
 
5. Odkiaľ prichádzaš? (Where are you coming from?)
 
'''Exercise 8: Negative Sentences'''
 
Rewrite the following sentences in negative form using the prepositions provided.
 
1. Je v škole. (He is in school.)
 
2. Ideme do mesta. (We are going to the city.)
 
3. Kniha je na stole. (The book is on the table.)
 
4. Ona ide k lekárovi. (She is going to the doctor.)
 
5. Boli sme pred obchodom. (We were in front of the store.)
 
'''Example Negative Sentences:'''
 
1. Nie je v škole. (He is not in school.)
 
2. Neideme do mesta. (We are not going to the city.)
 
3. Kniha nie je na stole. (The book is not on the table.)
 
4. Ona nejde k lekárovi. (She is not going to the doctor.)
 
5. Neboli sme pred obchodom. (We were not in front of the store.)
 
'''Exercise 9: Translate the Sentences to Slovak'''
 
Translate the following English sentences into Slovak.
 
1. The cat is under the table.
 
2. I am going to the park.
 
3. We will meet at six o'clock.
 
4. She was born in March.
 
5. They are coming from the school.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. Mačka je pod stolom.
 
2. Idem do parku.
 
3. Stretneme sa o šiestej.
 
4. Ona sa narodila v marci.
 
5. Oni prichádzajú zo školy.
 
'''Exercise 10: Short Dialogues'''
 
Create short dialogues using at least three different prepositions.
 
'''Example Dialogue:'''
 
A: Kde je tvoj mobil? (Where is your mobile?)
 
B: Je v taške. (It is in the bag.)
 
A: Ideme do kaviarne? (Are we going to the café?)
 
B: Áno, po obede. (Yes, after lunch.)
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on Slovak prepositions! You've learned about their importance, various types, and how they relate to grammatical cases. Remember, practice is key to mastering prepositions in any language. Keep using them in your conversations, and soon enough, they will become second nature to you.
 
Feel free to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher. Keep up the great work, and let's move on to the next topic in our journey through the Slovak language!


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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 09:37, 1 August 2024

◀️ The Locative Case — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Regions of Slovakia ▶️

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Slovak → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions

Welcome to the lesson on prepositions in Slovak! Prepositions are a crucial part of any language as they help connect words, phrases, and clauses, allowing us to express relationships between different elements in a sentence. In Slovak, prepositions play an equally important role, helping us convey meanings related to time, place, direction, and more.

As English speakers learning Slovak, you may find that some prepositions behave differently than in English. This lesson aims to guide you through the intricacies of Slovak prepositions, their forms, and when to use them. We'll explore a variety of examples and practice scenarios to help solidify your understanding.

Lesson Outline:

1. Introduction to Prepositions

2. Types of Prepositions

  • Prepositions of Place
  • Prepositions of Time
  • Prepositions of Direction

3. Prepositions with Cases

4. Examples of Prepositions in Use

5. Practice Exercises

6. Conclusion

Introduction to Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Prepositions are small words that can have a significant impact on the meaning of a sentence. They often indicate how different elements relate to one another. In Slovak, prepositions can change based on the grammatical case of the nouns they accompany. This may seem complex at first, but with practice, you will find it becomes much easier to navigate!

Types of Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Understanding the different types of prepositions is essential for mastering their use in Slovak. Let's dive into three main categories: place, time, and direction.

Prepositions of Place[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of place help us describe where something is located. Here are some common Slovak prepositions of place:

Slovak Pronunciation English
na nah on, at
v v in
pod pod under
nad nahd above
medzi medzi between

For example:

1. Kniha je na stole. (The book is on the table.)

2. Pes je v dome. (The dog is in the house.)

3. Mäso je pod stolom. (The meat is under the table.)

4. Lampa je nad stolom. (The lamp is above the table.)

5. Stolička je medzi dvoma stoličkami. (The chair is between two chairs.)

Prepositions of Time[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of time indicate when something happens. Here are some examples:

Slovak Pronunciation English
o oh at
v v in
do doh until, by
po poh after
pred pred before

Examples include:

1. Stretneme sa o piatej. (We will meet at five o'clock.)

2. Ona sa narodila v júli. (She was born in July.)

3. Musíme to urobiť do zajtra. (We must do it by tomorrow.)

4. Po obede ideme na prechádzku. (We will go for a walk after lunch.)

5. Pred večerou sa umyjem. (I will wash before dinner.)

Prepositions of Direction[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of direction indicate movement towards a location. Here are some Slovak prepositions of direction:

Slovak Pronunciation English
do doh to, into
na nah to, onto
k keh to, towards
z z from
zaujímavý zaujímavý interesting (added for context)

Examples of direction prepositions:

1. Ideme do školy. (We are going to school.)

2. Hráme na ihrisku. (We are playing on the playground.)

3. Ona ide k lekárovi. (She is going to the doctor.)

4. Prichádzam z mesta. (I am coming from the city.)

5. On sa zaujíma o umenie. (He is interested in art.)

Prepositions with Cases[edit | edit source]

In Slovak, prepositions are closely tied to grammatical cases. Depending on the preposition, the noun following it will change form. This means that you need to be aware of the case that goes with each preposition. For example, some prepositions require the genitive case, while others require the locative case.

Here is a quick overview of how some prepositions correspond with cases:

Preposition Required Case Example
na accusative/locative na stôl (on the table) / na stole (on the table)
v locative v dome (in the house)
do genitive do školy (to school)
k dative k lekárovi (to the doctor)
z genitive z mesta (from the city)

Familiarizing yourself with these relationships is crucial for constructing correct sentences.

Examples of Prepositions in Use[edit | edit source]

Now, let's dive into more detailed examples to illustrate the usage of Slovak prepositions in various contexts. This will help you see how they function in everyday conversation.

1. Kde je tvoj mobil?

  • Translation: Where is your mobile?
  • Usage: The question uses "je" (is) with the preposition "kde" (where) to inquire about location.

2. Bola som v Bratislave.

  • Translation: I was in Bratislava.
  • Usage: Here, "v" (in) indicates the location of the speaker.

3. Učím sa po práci.

  • Translation: I study after work.
  • Usage: The preposition "po" (after) shows the timing of the action.

4. Ideme na koncert.

  • Translation: We are going to a concert.
  • Usage: The preposition "na" (to) expresses the direction of movement.

5. Pohár je pod stolom.

  • Translation: The glass is under the table.
  • Usage: "Pod" (under) describes the location of the glass.

6. Ona odchádza do zahraničia.

  • Translation: She is leaving for abroad.
  • Usage: "Do" (to) indicates the direction of movement.

7. Prídeme k tebe.

  • Translation: We will come to you.
  • Usage: "K" (to) shows the direction towards the listener.

8. Ona sa narodila v Bratislave.

  • Translation: She was born in Bratislava.
  • Usage: Again, "v" (in) specifies the location of her birth.

9. Ideme na dovolenku.

  • Translation: We are going on vacation.
  • Usage: This example uses "na" (on) to describe the purpose of the trip.

10. Boli sme pred domom.

  • Translation: We were in front of the house.
  • Usage: "Pred" (in front of) indicates the location relative to the house.

11. Musím to urobiť do piatku.

  • Translation: I must do it by Friday.
  • Usage: "Do" (by) indicates a deadline.

12. Ona sa učí po škole.

  • Translation: She studies after school.
  • Usage: "Po" (after) shows when she studies.

13. Dieťa je medzi rodičmi.

  • Translation: The child is between the parents.
  • Usage: "Medzi" (between) describes the child's location.

14. Stojím pred zrkadlom.

  • Translation: I stand in front of the mirror.
  • Usage: "Pred" (in front of) indicates position.

15. On ide z práce.

  • Translation: He is coming from work.
  • Usage: "Z" (from) shows the origin of movement.

16. Na stole je kniha.

  • Translation: There is a book on the table.
  • Usage: "Na" (on) specifies where the book is located.

17. Kde je tvoj priateľ?

  • Translation: Where is your friend?
  • Usage: "Kde" (where) is used to inquire about location.

18. Môžem ísť s tebou?

  • Translation: Can I go with you?
  • Usage: The preposition "s" (with) indicates companionship.

19. Ona je na ceste do školy.

  • Translation: She is on her way to school.
  • Usage: "Na" (on) indicates the direction of travel.

20. Sú tam dva stoly.

  • Translation: There are two tables over there.
  • Usage: "Tam" (there) indicates location.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

To help reinforce your understanding of Slovak prepositions, let's try some practice exercises. These exercises will allow you to apply what you've learned about prepositions in various contexts.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition from the list: na, v, do, k, z.

1. Idem ___ domov. (I am going home.)

2. Kniha je ___ polici. (The book is on the shelf.)

3. Pracujem ___ kancelárii. (I work in the office.)

4. Ona ide ___ lekárovi. (She is going to the doctor.)

5. Prišiel ___ školy. (He came from school.)

Answers:

1. do

2. na

3. v

4. k

5. z

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences

Translate the following Slovak sentences into English.

1. V lete ideme na dovolenku.

2. Je pod stolom.

3. Musím to urobiť do pondelka.

4. Kde je tvoj pes?

5. Stojím pred obchodom.

Answers:

1. In summer, we go on vacation.

2. It is under the table.

3. I must do it by Monday.

4. Where is your dog?

5. I am standing in front of the store.

Exercise 3: Choose the Correct Preposition

Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentences.

1. Ona je ___ škola. (in/on)

  • a) na
  • b) v

2. Ideme ___ hory. (to/into)

  • a) do
  • b) na

3. Kde je tvoj mobil ___? (at/on)

  • a) na
  • b) v

4. Musím prísť ___ štyroch. (by/at)

  • a) do
  • b) o

5. Prišla som ___ práce. (from/to)

  • a) z
  • b) do

Answers:

1. b) v

2. a) do

3. a) na

4. a) do

5. a) z

Exercise 4: Write Sentences

Using the prepositions provided, write your own sentences.

1. do

2. na

3. pred

4. medzi

5. po

Example Answers:

1. Idem do mesta. (I am going to the city.)

2. Kniha je na stole. (The book is on the table.)

3. Stojím pred domom. (I am standing in front of the house.)

4. Dieťa je medzi rodičmi. (The child is between the parents.)

5. Po večeri ideme na prechádzku. (After dinner, we will go for a walk.)

Exercise 5: Match the Prepositions with the Cases

Match the prepositions to the corresponding cases.

1. na

2. do

3. z

4. k

5. v

Answers:

1. Accusative/Locative

2. Genitive

3. Genitive

4. Dative

5. Locative

Exercise 6: Fill in the Correct Case

Fill in the correct case for the following nouns based on the prepositions provided.

1. Idem ___ (škola) do. (I am going to school.)

2. Kniha je ___ (stôl) na. (The book is on the table.)

3. Prišiel som ___ (obchod) z. (I came from the store.)

4. Ona ide ___ (lekár) k. (She is going to the doctor.)

5. Stojím ___ (park) v. (I am standing in the park.)

Answers:

1. školy (genitive)

2. stole (locative)

3. obchodu (genitive)

4. lekárovi (dative)

5. v parku (locative)

Exercise 7: Create Questions

Create questions using the prepositions given.

1. na (What is on the table?)

2. v (Where is the dog?)

3. do (Where are we going?)

4. k (Who are you going to?)

5. z (Where are you coming from?)

Example Questions:

1. Čo je na stole? (What is on the table?)

2. Kde je pes? (Where is the dog?)

3. Kam ideme? (Where are we going?)

4. K komu ideš? (Who are you going to?)

5. Odkiaľ prichádzaš? (Where are you coming from?)

Exercise 8: Negative Sentences

Rewrite the following sentences in negative form using the prepositions provided.

1. Je v škole. (He is in school.)

2. Ideme do mesta. (We are going to the city.)

3. Kniha je na stole. (The book is on the table.)

4. Ona ide k lekárovi. (She is going to the doctor.)

5. Boli sme pred obchodom. (We were in front of the store.)

Example Negative Sentences:

1. Nie je v škole. (He is not in school.)

2. Neideme do mesta. (We are not going to the city.)

3. Kniha nie je na stole. (The book is not on the table.)

4. Ona nejde k lekárovi. (She is not going to the doctor.)

5. Neboli sme pred obchodom. (We were not in front of the store.)

Exercise 9: Translate the Sentences to Slovak

Translate the following English sentences into Slovak.

1. The cat is under the table.

2. I am going to the park.

3. We will meet at six o'clock.

4. She was born in March.

5. They are coming from the school.

Answers:

1. Mačka je pod stolom.

2. Idem do parku.

3. Stretneme sa o šiestej.

4. Ona sa narodila v marci.

5. Oni prichádzajú zo školy.

Exercise 10: Short Dialogues

Create short dialogues using at least three different prepositions.

Example Dialogue:

A: Kde je tvoj mobil? (Where is your mobile?)

B: Je v taške. (It is in the bag.)

A: Ideme do kaviarne? (Are we going to the café?)

B: Áno, po obede. (Yes, after lunch.)

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on Slovak prepositions! You've learned about their importance, various types, and how they relate to grammatical cases. Remember, practice is key to mastering prepositions in any language. Keep using them in your conversations, and soon enough, they will become second nature to you.

Feel free to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher. Keep up the great work, and let's move on to the next topic in our journey through the Slovak language!

Table of Contents - Slovak Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Unit 1: Greetings and Introductions


Unit 2: Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs in the Present Tense


Unit 3: Slovak Culture and Society


Unit 4: Daily Activities and Routine


Unit 5: Cases and Prepositions


Unit 6: Slovak Geography and Nature


Unit 7: Travel and Transportation


Unit 8: Adjectives and Adverbs


Unit 9: Slovak Art and Music


Unit 10: Time and Dates

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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