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{{Malay-individual-language-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">Malay (individual language) Grammar → Introduction → Nouns and Pronouns</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Malay (individual language) Grammar → Nouns and Pronouns</div>


__TOC__
Welcome to the exciting world of Malay grammar! In this lesson, we’ll dive into the fundamental building blocks of the Malay language: nouns and pronouns. These components are essential for constructing sentences and expressing thoughts clearly. Understanding nouns and pronouns not only helps you communicate effectively but also enriches your grasp of the language as you progress toward fluency.


== Introduction ==
We’ll explore the following aspects in detail:


In this lesson, we will delve into the fascinating world of Malay nouns and pronouns. Nouns are fundamental building blocks of any language, and understanding their usage and grammar is crucial for effective communication. Likewise, pronouns play a vital role in replacing nouns and simplifying sentence structure. By learning about nouns and pronouns in Malay, you will gain a solid foundation for further language learning and be able to express yourself more fluently.
* What are nouns?


Throughout this lesson, we will explore the various aspects of Malay nouns, including gender, number, and case. Additionally, we will uncover the intricacies of pronoun usage in Malay, with a focus on personal pronouns. By the end of this lesson, you will have a comprehensive understanding of how to use nouns and pronouns in Malay, enabling you to construct sentences with confidence.
* Types of nouns: common, proper, and collective


== Malay Nouns ==
* Gender and number in nouns


Nouns in Malay, just like in any other language, are words that represent people, places, things, or ideas. They serve as the subject or object of a sentence and can be modified by adjectives or other words to provide more information. Malay nouns do not have grammatical gender like some other languages, such as Spanish or French. However, they can be classified based on animacy, which refers to whether the noun represents a living or non-living entity.
* What are pronouns?


=== Gender ===
* Types of pronouns: personal, possessive, demonstrative, and interrogative


In Malay, nouns are not inherently gendered. Unlike languages with grammatical gender, such as Spanish or French, Malay nouns do not have masculine or feminine forms. Instead, the gender of a person or animal is typically specified by using gender-specific words or phrases, such as "lelaki" (man) or "perempuan" (woman). However, it's important to note that these gender-specific words are not attached to the nouns themselves but are used in conjunction with them.
* Usage of nouns and pronouns in sentences


For example, to specify the gender of a cat, you would say "kucing jantan" for a male cat and "kucing betina" for a female cat. The words "jantan" and "betina" mean "male" and "female," respectively, and are added to the noun "kucing" (cat) to denote the gender.
* Practice exercises to reinforce your learning
 
So, grab a notebook, and let’s embark on this linguistic journey together!
 
__TOC__
 
== What are Nouns? ==
 
Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas. They are crucial in forming sentences, allowing us to convey meaning and context. In Malay, nouns can be categorized into different types, which we will explore further.
 
=== Types of Nouns ===
 
==== Common Nouns ====
 
Common nouns refer to general items or concepts. They do not denote a specific name.  
 
Examples of common nouns include:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| lelaki || /ləˈlaki/ || man
 
| buku || /ˈbu.ku/ || book
 
|-
|-
| perempuan || /pəˈrəmpuən/ || woman
 
| meja || /ˈme.dʒa/ || table
 
|-
|-
| kucing jantan || /kʊˈtʃiŋ ˈdʒantan/ || male cat
 
| kucing || /ku.tʃiŋ/ || cat  
 
|-
|-
| kucing betina || /kʊˈtʃiŋ bəˈtina/ || female cat
 
| rumah || /ˈru.mah/ || house
 
|}
|}


=== Number ===
==== Proper Nouns ====


In Malay, nouns can be singular or plural. The plural form of a noun is typically formed by adding the word "orang" (people) after the noun. However, there are some irregular plural forms that do not follow this pattern.
Proper nouns, on the other hand, refer to specific names of people, places, or organizations. They are always capitalized.


For example, the noun "rumah" means "house" in Malay. To express the plural form, you would say "rumah orang," which translates to "houses." Similarly, "buku" (book) becomes "buku orang" (books).
Examples of proper nouns include:


It's important to note that when using the plural form, the word "orang" is necessary to denote plurality. Without it, the noun is assumed to be singular.
{| class="wikitable"


{| class="wikitable"
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| rumah || /ˈrumah/ || house
 
| Malaysia || /maɪˈleɪ.ʒə/ || Malaysia
 
|-
|-
| rumah orang || /ˈrumah ˈorang/ || houses
 
| Ahmad || /aˈh.mad/ || Ahmad
 
|-
|-
| buku || /ˈbuku/ || book
 
| Kuala Lumpur || /ˈkwɑː.lə ˈlumpʊr/ || Kuala Lumpur
 
|-
|-
| buku orang || /ˈbuku ˈorang/ || books
 
| Universiti Malaya || /ju.ni.vərˈsi.ti maˈla.ja/ || University of Malaya
 
|}
|}


=== Case ===
==== Collective Nouns ====


In Malay, nouns do not have grammatical case markers like some other languages, such as Latin or Russian. However, they can be modified by prepositions to indicate different relationships within a sentence. Prepositions are words that express spatial or temporal relationships, such as "in," "on," or "from." By combining nouns with prepositions, you can convey specific meanings and provide more context to your sentences.
Collective nouns denote a group of individuals or items.  


For example, the noun "meja" means "table" in Malay. When combined with the preposition "di" (in), it becomes "di meja," which translates to "on the table." Similarly, "buku" (book) can be combined with the preposition "dari" (from) to form "dari buku," meaning "from the book."
Examples of collective nouns include:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| meja || /ˈmeja/ || table
 
| sekumpulan || /səˈku.mpu.lan/ || a group
 
|-
|-
| di meja || /di ˈmeja/ || on the table
 
| pasukan || /ˈpa.su.kan/ || a team
 
|-
|-
| buku || /ˈbuku/ || book
 
| herd || /hɜrd/ || herd
 
|-
|-
| dari buku || /ˈdari ˈbuku/ || from the book
 
| kumpulan || /kumˈpu.lan/ || collection
 
|}
|}


== Malay Pronouns ==
=== Gender and Number in Nouns ===


Pronouns in Malay are words that are used to replace nouns in a sentence. They help simplify sentence structure and avoid unnecessary repetition. Malay pronouns can be divided into several categories, including personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, and demonstrative pronouns. In this lesson, we will focus on personal pronouns, which are used to refer to specific individuals or groups of people.
In Malay, nouns do not have grammatical gender as in many other languages. This simplifies learning since you don’t need to worry about masculine or feminine forms.


=== Personal Pronouns ===
However, nouns can be singular or plural. The plural form is often created by repeating the noun or using specific plural markers.


Personal pronouns in Malay are used to refer to the first person (the speaker), the second person (the listener), and the third person (someone or something else). They can also indicate gender and number. Let's explore the different forms of personal pronouns in Malay:
Examples of singular and plural nouns:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| saya || /ˈsaja/ || I, me
 
| buku (singular) || /ˈbu.ku/ || book
 
|-
|-
| anda || /ˈanda/ || you (singular)
 
| buku-buku (plural) || /ˈbu.kuːˈbu.ku/ || books
 
|-
|-
| beliau || /bəˈlɪaʊ/ || he, she, him, her
 
| kucing (singular) || /ku.tʃiŋ/ || cat
 
|-
|-
| kami || /ˈkami/ || we, us (inclusive)
 
| kucing-kucing (plural) || /ku.tʃiŋˈku.tʃiŋ/ || cats
 
|}
 
== What are Pronouns? ==
 
Pronouns are words that replace nouns in a sentence to avoid repetition and make sentences less cumbersome. They are essential in everyday conversation and writing.
 
=== Types of Pronouns ===
 
==== Personal Pronouns ====
 
Personal pronouns represent specific people or things. In Malay, they can indicate singular or plural forms.
 
Examples of personal pronouns include:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| kita || /ˈkita/ || we, us (exclusive)
 
| saya || /ˈsa.ja/ || I
 
|-
|-
| mereka || /məˈrɛka/ || they, them
 
| kamu || /ˈka.mu/ || you
 
|-
 
| dia || /di.a/ || he/she
 
|-
 
| mereka || /məˈre.kə/ || they  
 
|}
|}


When using personal pronouns, it's important to consider the context and the relationship between the speaker and the listener. In formal settings or when addressing someone of higher status, it is common to use the pronoun "anda" to refer to the second person. However, in informal settings or among friends and family, it is more common to use the pronoun "kamu" instead.
==== Possessive Pronouns ====


=== Possessive Pronouns ===
Possessive pronouns express ownership. In Malay, they modify nouns to show possession.


Possessive pronouns in Malay are used to indicate ownership or possession. They can be used to replace nouns or adjectives to show who something belongs to. Possessive pronouns in Malay are formed by adding the possessive suffix "-nya" to the appropriate personal pronoun. Let's take a look at some examples:
Examples of possessive pronouns include:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| saya || /ˈsaja/ || mine
 
| saya punya || /ˈsa.ja ˈpu.nja/ || mine  
 
|-
|-
| anda || /ˈanda/ || yours
 
| kamu punya || /ˈka.mu ˈpu.nja/ || yours  
 
|-
 
| dia punya || /di.a ˈpu.nja/ || his/hers
 
|-
|-
| beliau || /bəˈlɪaʊ/ || his, hers
 
| mereka punya || /məˈre.kə ˈpu.nja/ || theirs
 
|}
 
==== Demonstrative Pronouns ====
 
Demonstrative pronouns point to specific items or people.
 
Examples of demonstrative pronouns include:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| kami || /ˈkami/ || ours (inclusive)
 
| ini || /ˈi.ni/ || this
 
|-
|-
| kita || /ˈkita/ || ours (exclusive)
 
| itu || /ˈi.tu/ || that
 
|-
|-
| mereka || /məˈrɛka/ || theirs
|}


For example, if you want to say "This book is mine," you would say "Buku ini milik saya" in Malay. The possessive pronoun "saya" replaces the noun "milik" (possession) and indicates ownership.
| ini semua || /ˈi.ni səˈmu.a/ || all of these
 
|-


=== Demonstrative Pronouns ===
| itu semua || /ˈi.tu səˈmu.a/ || all of those


Demonstrative pronouns in Malay are used to point out specific people, places, or things. They can be used to replace nouns in a sentence to avoid repetition. Malay has three demonstrative pronouns: "ini" (this), "itu" (that), and "yang" (which).
|}


For example, if you want to say "This is my house," you would say "Ini rumah saya" in Malay. The demonstrative pronoun "ini" replaces the noun "rumah" (house) and indicates proximity.
==== Interrogative Pronouns ====


Similarly, if you want to say "That is their car," you would say "Itu kereta mereka" in Malay. The demonstrative pronoun "itu" replaces the noun "kereta" (car) and indicates distance.
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions regarding nouns.
 
Examples of interrogative pronouns include:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
! Malay (individual language) !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ini || /ˈini/ || this
 
| siapa || /ˈsi.a.pa/ || who
 
|-
|-
| itu || /ˈitu/ || that
 
| apa || /ˈa.pa/ || what
 
|-
|-
| yang || /ˈjaŋ/ || which
 
| di mana || /di ˈma.na/ || where
 
|-
 
| bila || /ˈbi.la/ || when
 
|}
|}


== Exercises ==
=== Usage of Nouns and Pronouns in Sentences ===
 
Now that we understand nouns and pronouns, let’s see how they are used in sentences.
 
'''Nouns in Sentences:'''
 
* The book is on the table.
 
* Buku itu berada di atas meja.
 
* The cat is sleeping.
 
* Kucing itu sedang tidur.
 
'''Pronouns in Sentences:'''
 
* I like this book.
 
* Saya suka buku ini.
 
* They are going to the market.
 
* Mereka pergi ke pasar.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
To reinforce your understanding, let’s dive into some exercises!
 
''Exercise 1: Identify the Noun'' 
 
Read the following sentences and underline the nouns.
 
1. The car is fast. 
 
2. Maria is a teacher. 
 
3. The children are playing in the park. 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. The '''car''' is fast. 
 
2. '''Maria''' is a '''teacher'''. 
 
3. The '''children''' are playing in the '''park'''. 
 
''Exercise 2: Singular to Plural'' 
 
Convert the following singular nouns into their plural forms.
 
1. buku 
 
2. kucing 
 
3. meja 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. buku → buku-buku 
 
2. kucing → kucing-kucing 
 
3. meja → meja-meja 
 
''Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks with Pronouns'' 
 
Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentences.
 
1. ___ (I/You) want to go to the movies. 
 
2. ___ (He/They) are my friends. 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. '''I''' want to go to the movies. 
 
2. '''They''' are my friends. 
 
''Exercise 4: Possessive Pronouns'' 
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct possessive pronouns.


Now that you have learned about Malay nouns and pronouns, it's time to put your knowledge into practice. Complete the following exercises to reinforce what you have learned:
1. This book is ___. (my) 


1. Write the plural form of the following nouns:
2. That car is ___. (his) 
* buku
* rumah
* kerusi
* tangan


Solution:
''Solutions:'' 
* buku-buku
* rumah-rumah
* kerusi-kerusi
* tangan-tangan


2. Replace the underlined noun with the appropriate personal pronoun:
1. This book is '''saya punya'''.
* Saya suka kucing. (I)
* Anda beli buku. (You)
* Beliau datang kemarin. (He/She)
* Kami pergi ke pasar. (We)
* Mereka tinggal di sini. (They)


Solution:
2. That car is '''dia punya'''.
* Saya suka kucing. (I)
* Kamu beli buku. (You)
* Beliau datang kemarin. (He/She)
* Kita pergi ke pasar. (We)
* Mereka tinggal di sini. (They)


3. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate possessive pronoun:
''Exercise 5: Rewrite with Pronouns'' 
* Rumah itu milik _____.
* Buku ini bukan _____.
* Mobil kami berwarna merah. _____ sangat cantik.


Solution:
Rewrite the following sentences using pronouns instead of nouns.  
* Rumah itu milik mereka.
* Buku ini bukan milik saya.
* Mobil kami berwarna merah. Milik kami sangat cantik.


== Conclusion ==
1. Ahmad likes Ahmad's new shoes. 


Congratulations on completing this lesson on Malay nouns and pronouns! You have learned about the various aspects of Malay nouns, including gender, number, and case. Additionally, you have explored the usage of personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, and demonstrative pronouns in Malay. By mastering these concepts, you will be able to construct sentences more accurately and express yourself with greater fluency.
2. The teacher gave the students a test.


Continue practicing and applying what you have learned in real-life situations to further enhance your understanding of Malay grammar. In the next lesson, we will delve into the world of Malay verbs and tenses, building upon the foundation you have established in this lesson. Terima kasih dan selamat belajar! (Thank you and happy learning!)
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. '''He''' likes '''his''' new shoes. 
 
2. '''The teacher''' gave '''them''' a test. 
 
''Exercise 6: Matching Nouns and Pronouns'' 
 
Match the nouns to their corresponding pronouns.
 
1. Maria - a. They 
 
2. Buku - b. She 
 
3. Kucing - c. It 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. Maria - '''b. She''' 
 
2. Buku - '''c. It''' 
 
3. Kucing - '''c. It''' 
 
''Exercise 7: Translate Sentences'' 
 
Translate the following sentences into Malay.
 
1. This is my book. 
 
2. They are playing outside. 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. Ini adalah buku saya. 
 
2. Mereka sedang bermain di luar. 
 
''Exercise 8: Forming Questions'' 
 
Use interrogative pronouns to ask questions about the following statements.
 
1. Maria is my sister. 
 
2. The cat is on the roof. 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. '''Siapa''' Maria? 
 
2. '''Di mana''' kucing? 
 
''Exercise 9: Create Sentences'' 
 
Create sentences using the following nouns and pronouns.
 
1. book (buku) 
 
2. they (mereka) 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. Saya membaca buku. 
 
2. Mereka pergi ke sekolah. 
 
''Exercise 10: Fill in the Gaps'' 
 
Complete the sentences with the correct nouns or pronouns.
 
1. ___ (Ahmad/Maria) is a student. 
 
2. This is ___ (my/his) cat. 
 
''Solutions:'' 
 
1. '''Ahmad''' is a student. 
 
2. This is '''my''' cat. 
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on nouns and pronouns! Keep practicing, and you’ll find yourself using these essential parts of speech with ease in no time. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.


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Latest revision as of 08:18, 1 August 2024

◀️ Alphabet and Pronunciation — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Verbs and Tenses ▶️

Malaysia-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Malay (individual language) Grammar → Nouns and Pronouns

Welcome to the exciting world of Malay grammar! In this lesson, we’ll dive into the fundamental building blocks of the Malay language: nouns and pronouns. These components are essential for constructing sentences and expressing thoughts clearly. Understanding nouns and pronouns not only helps you communicate effectively but also enriches your grasp of the language as you progress toward fluency.

We’ll explore the following aspects in detail:

  • What are nouns?
  • Types of nouns: common, proper, and collective
  • Gender and number in nouns
  • What are pronouns?
  • Types of pronouns: personal, possessive, demonstrative, and interrogative
  • Usage of nouns and pronouns in sentences
  • Practice exercises to reinforce your learning

So, grab a notebook, and let’s embark on this linguistic journey together!

What are Nouns?[edit | edit source]

Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas. They are crucial in forming sentences, allowing us to convey meaning and context. In Malay, nouns can be categorized into different types, which we will explore further.

Types of Nouns[edit | edit source]

Common Nouns[edit | edit source]

Common nouns refer to general items or concepts. They do not denote a specific name.

Examples of common nouns include:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
buku /ˈbu.ku/ book
meja /ˈme.dʒa/ table
kucing /ku.tʃiŋ/ cat
rumah /ˈru.mah/ house

Proper Nouns[edit | edit source]

Proper nouns, on the other hand, refer to specific names of people, places, or organizations. They are always capitalized.

Examples of proper nouns include:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
Malaysia /maɪˈleɪ.ʒə/ Malaysia
Ahmad /aˈh.mad/ Ahmad
Kuala Lumpur /ˈkwɑː.lə ˈlumpʊr/ Kuala Lumpur
Universiti Malaya /ju.ni.vərˈsi.ti maˈla.ja/ University of Malaya

Collective Nouns[edit | edit source]

Collective nouns denote a group of individuals or items.

Examples of collective nouns include:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
sekumpulan /səˈku.mpu.lan/ a group
pasukan /ˈpa.su.kan/ a team
herd /hɜrd/ herd
kumpulan /kumˈpu.lan/ collection

Gender and Number in Nouns[edit | edit source]

In Malay, nouns do not have grammatical gender as in many other languages. This simplifies learning since you don’t need to worry about masculine or feminine forms.

However, nouns can be singular or plural. The plural form is often created by repeating the noun or using specific plural markers.

Examples of singular and plural nouns:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
buku (singular) /ˈbu.ku/ book
buku-buku (plural) /ˈbu.kuːˈbu.ku/ books
kucing (singular) /ku.tʃiŋ/ cat
kucing-kucing (plural) /ku.tʃiŋˈku.tʃiŋ/ cats

What are Pronouns?[edit | edit source]

Pronouns are words that replace nouns in a sentence to avoid repetition and make sentences less cumbersome. They are essential in everyday conversation and writing.

Types of Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Personal Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Personal pronouns represent specific people or things. In Malay, they can indicate singular or plural forms.

Examples of personal pronouns include:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
saya /ˈsa.ja/ I
kamu /ˈka.mu/ you
dia /di.a/ he/she
mereka /məˈre.kə/ they

Possessive Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Possessive pronouns express ownership. In Malay, they modify nouns to show possession.

Examples of possessive pronouns include:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
saya punya /ˈsa.ja ˈpu.nja/ mine
kamu punya /ˈka.mu ˈpu.nja/ yours
dia punya /di.a ˈpu.nja/ his/hers
mereka punya /məˈre.kə ˈpu.nja/ theirs

Demonstrative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Demonstrative pronouns point to specific items or people.

Examples of demonstrative pronouns include:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
ini /ˈi.ni/ this
itu /ˈi.tu/ that
ini semua /ˈi.ni səˈmu.a/ all of these
itu semua /ˈi.tu səˈmu.a/ all of those

Interrogative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions regarding nouns.

Examples of interrogative pronouns include:

Malay (individual language) Pronunciation English
siapa /ˈsi.a.pa/ who
apa /ˈa.pa/ what
di mana /di ˈma.na/ where
bila /ˈbi.la/ when

Usage of Nouns and Pronouns in Sentences[edit | edit source]

Now that we understand nouns and pronouns, let’s see how they are used in sentences.

Nouns in Sentences:

  • The book is on the table.
  • Buku itu berada di atas meja.
  • The cat is sleeping.
  • Kucing itu sedang tidur.

Pronouns in Sentences:

  • I like this book.
  • Saya suka buku ini.
  • They are going to the market.
  • Mereka pergi ke pasar.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

To reinforce your understanding, let’s dive into some exercises!

Exercise 1: Identify the Noun

Read the following sentences and underline the nouns.

1. The car is fast.

2. Maria is a teacher.

3. The children are playing in the park.

Solutions:

1. The car is fast.

2. Maria is a teacher.

3. The children are playing in the park.

Exercise 2: Singular to Plural

Convert the following singular nouns into their plural forms.

1. buku

2. kucing

3. meja

Solutions:

1. buku → buku-buku

2. kucing → kucing-kucing

3. meja → meja-meja

Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks with Pronouns

Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentences.

1. ___ (I/You) want to go to the movies.

2. ___ (He/They) are my friends.

Solutions:

1. I want to go to the movies.

2. They are my friends.

Exercise 4: Possessive Pronouns

Fill in the blanks with the correct possessive pronouns.

1. This book is ___. (my)

2. That car is ___. (his)

Solutions:

1. This book is saya punya.

2. That car is dia punya.

Exercise 5: Rewrite with Pronouns

Rewrite the following sentences using pronouns instead of nouns.

1. Ahmad likes Ahmad's new shoes.

2. The teacher gave the students a test.

Solutions:

1. He likes his new shoes.

2. The teacher gave them a test.

Exercise 6: Matching Nouns and Pronouns

Match the nouns to their corresponding pronouns.

1. Maria - a. They

2. Buku - b. She

3. Kucing - c. It

Solutions:

1. Maria - b. She

2. Buku - c. It

3. Kucing - c. It

Exercise 7: Translate Sentences

Translate the following sentences into Malay.

1. This is my book.

2. They are playing outside.

Solutions:

1. Ini adalah buku saya.

2. Mereka sedang bermain di luar.

Exercise 8: Forming Questions

Use interrogative pronouns to ask questions about the following statements.

1. Maria is my sister.

2. The cat is on the roof.

Solutions:

1. Siapa Maria?

2. Di mana kucing?

Exercise 9: Create Sentences

Create sentences using the following nouns and pronouns.

1. book (buku)

2. they (mereka)

Solutions:

1. Saya membaca buku.

2. Mereka pergi ke sekolah.

Exercise 10: Fill in the Gaps

Complete the sentences with the correct nouns or pronouns.

1. ___ (Ahmad/Maria) is a student.

2. This is ___ (my/his) cat.

Solutions:

1. Ahmad is a student.

2. This is my cat.

Congratulations on completing this lesson on nouns and pronouns! Keep practicing, and you’ll find yourself using these essential parts of speech with ease in no time. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.

Table of Contents - Malay (individual language) Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction


Basic Vocabulary


Malay Culture and Tradition


Intermediate Structures


Advanced Vocabulary


Modern Malaysia


A1 Exam Preparation


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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