Difference between revisions of "Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/Wh-Questions"

Revision as of 01:18, 22 June 2023

◀️ Yes/No Questions — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Family Members ▶️

Central Pashto → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Questions → Wh-Questions

Introduction

In this lesson, we will learn how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto. Asking questions is an essential skill in any language, as it allows us to gather information and engage in conversations with others. Wh-questions are a specific type of question that require the use of question words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how. Mastering wh-questions will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Central Pashto.

In this lesson, we will explore the different question words, their usage, and how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto. We will provide numerous examples and practice exercises to ensure a thorough understanding of the topic. Additionally, we will delve into any regional variations in the usage or understanding of wh-questions in Central Pashto, as well as share interesting cultural facts and anecdotes related to the topic.

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently ask and answer wh-questions in Central Pashto, allowing you to engage in meaningful conversations and expand your language skills.

Wh-Questions in Central Pashto

Wh-questions in Central Pashto are formed by placing the appropriate question word at the beginning of the sentence. The question word is typically followed by the verb and then the subject. Let's explore each question word in detail and see how they are used in Central Pashto.

Who

The question word "who" is used to ask about a person or people. It can refer to both the subject and the object of the sentence. Here are some examples:

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
دی؟	de?	Who?
ده ویا؟	da wiya?	Who is he/she?
ده ویاونه؟	da wiyawna?	Who are they?
ده ویاه پوښتنه کوي؟	da wiya poṣṭana kawi?	Who is asking the question?
ده ویاه سترګه که واخلوي؟	da wiya sṭarga ke wakhlowi?	Who will join the party?

What

The question word "what" is used to ask about things or actions. It can refer to both the subject and the object of the sentence. Here are some examples:

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
څه دی؟	tsa de?	What?
څه دی وو؟	tsa di wo?	What is this?
څه دی وونه؟	tsa di wuna?	What are these?
څه دی ور کېدلو؟	tsa di war ke dlwo?	What are you doing?
څه لیدل نه ورکو؟	tsa ledal ne warko?	What did you eat?

Where

The question word "where" is used to ask about a location or place. Here are some examples:

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
ړه دی؟	ra de?	Where?
ړه دی وو؟	ra di wo?	Where is this?
ړه دی وونه؟	ra di wuna?	Where are these?
ړه دی ور کېدلو؟	ra di war ke dlwo?	Where are you going?
ړه کړو؟	ra karo?	Where to?

When

The question word "when" is used to ask about a specific time or period. Here are some examples:

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
کله دی؟	kala de?	When?
کله دی وو؟	kala di wo?	When is this?
کله دی وونه؟	kala di wuna?	When are these?
کله دی ور کېدلو؟	kala di war ke dlwo?	When will you come?
کله کړو؟	kala karo?	When to?

Why

The question word "why" is used to ask about the reason or purpose. Here are some examples:

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
څوک دی؟	tsook de?	Why?
څوک دی وو؟	tsook di wo?	Why is this?
څوک دی وونه؟	tsook di wuna?	Why are these?
څوک دی ور کېدلو؟	tsook di war ke dlwo?	Why are you crying?
څوک کړو؟	tsook karo?	Why?

How

The question word "how" is used to ask about the manner or way something is done. Here are some examples:

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
څوک دی؟	tsook de?	How?
څوک دی وو؟	tsook di wo?	How is this done?
څوک دی وونه؟	tsook di wuna?	How are these done?
څوک دی ور کېدلو؟	tsook di war ke dlwo?	How will you do it?
څوک کړو؟	tsook karo?	How?

Practice Exercises

Now that we have learned how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto, let's practice asking and answering some questions. Choose the appropriate question word and form a question based on the given prompt. Then, provide an answer to the question.

1. Prompt: ___________ is your name?

  Question: Who is your name?
  Answer: My name is John.

2. Prompt: ___________ are you going?

  Question: Where are you going?
  Answer: I am going to the store.

3. Prompt: ___________ did you eat for lunch?

  Question: What did you eat for lunch?
  Answer: I had a sandwich and some fruit.

4. Prompt: ___________ do you like to do in your free time?

  Question: What do you like to do in your free time?
  Answer: I enjoy reading and playing sports.

5. Prompt: ___________ were you born?

  Question: Where were you born?
  Answer: I was born in Kabul.

6. Prompt: ___________ did you go on vacation?

  Question: When did you go on vacation?
  Answer: I went on vacation last month.

7. Prompt: ___________ are you studying?

  Question: What are you studying?
  Answer: I am studying math and science.

8. Prompt: ___________ are you crying?

  Question: Why are you crying?
  Answer: I am crying because I am sad.

9. Prompt: ___________ will you do it?

  Question: How will you do it?
  Answer: I will do it with the help of my friends.

10. Prompt: ___________ is your favorite color?

   Question: What is your favorite color?
   Answer: My favorite color is blue.

Regional Variations and Cultural Insights

The usage and understanding of wh-questions in Central Pashto may vary slightly across different regions. In some areas, certain question words may be used more frequently or have specific cultural connotations. For example, in more traditional communities, the question word "why" may be used sparingly as questioning the reasons behind someone's actions can be considered disrespectful.

Additionally, it is important to note that Pashtun culture values politeness and indirectness in communication. This cultural trait can be observed in the way questions are asked and answered. Pashto speakers often use softening phrases or indirect language when asking sensitive or personal questions, especially when addressing elders or people of higher social status. This cultural nuance should be taken into consideration when interacting with Pashto speakers in formal or traditional settings.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto. By mastering the usage of question words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how, you can now engage in more meaningful conversations and gather information effectively. Remember to practice asking and answering questions in various contexts to further enhance your language skills.

In the next lesson, we will explore another aspect of Central Pashto grammar. Stay tuned and keep up the great work!

Table of Contents - Central Pashto Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Greetings and Introductions

Personal Pronouns

Numbers and Counting

Basic Sentence Structure

Common Verbs

Present Tense

Food and Drink

Questions

Family and Relationships

Possessive Pronouns and Adjectives

House and Home

Prepositions

Hobbies and Activities

Past Tense

Travel and Transportation

Pashtun Customs and Traditions

Other Lessons

◀️ Yes/No Questions — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Family Members ▶️

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 {{Central-pashto-Page-Top}}
 <div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Central-pashto|Central Pashto]]  → [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Questions → Wh-Questions</div>
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 == Introduction ==
-In this lesson, you will learn how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto using words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how. Wh-questions are questions that require more information than a simple yes or no answer. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to ask and answer questions using these question words, expanding your ability to communicate in Central Pashto.
+In this lesson, we will learn how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto. Asking questions is an essential skill in any language, as it allows us to gather information and engage in conversations with others. Wh-questions are a specific type of question that require the use of question words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how. Mastering wh-questions will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Central Pashto.
+In this lesson, we will explore the different question words, their usage, and how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto. We will provide numerous examples and practice exercises to ensure a thorough understanding of the topic. Additionally, we will delve into any regional variations in the usage or understanding of wh-questions in Central Pashto, as well as share interesting cultural facts and anecdotes related to the topic.
-<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/Gender|Gender]] & [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/Object-Pronouns|Object Pronouns]].</span>
+By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently ask and answer wh-questions in Central Pashto, allowing you to engage in meaningful conversations and expand your language skills.
-== Question Words in Central Pashto ==
-In Central Pashto, there are several question words that can be used to form wh-questions. These include:
+== Wh-Questions in Central Pashto ==
-* <b>څه (tsa) - What</b>
+Wh-questions in Central Pashto are formed by placing the appropriate question word at the beginning of the sentence. The question word is typically followed by the verb and then the subject. Let's explore each question word in detail and see how they are used in Central Pashto.
-* <b>کوم (kom) - Who</b>
-* <b>ځاى (zhay) - Where</b>
-* <b>څوک (tsok) - When</b>
-* <b>څنګه (tsanga) - Why</b>
-* <b>څوری (tsawri) - How</b>
-These question words function similarly to their English counterparts and can be combined with other parts of speech to form questions.
+=== Who ===
-=== Forming Wh-Questions in Central Pashto ===
+The question word "who" is used to ask about a person or people. It can refer to both the subject and the object of the sentence. Here are some examples:
-In Central Pashto, wh-questions are formed by placing the question word at the beginning of the sentence. The rest of the sentence follows the typical subject-object-verb word order. For example:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Central Pashto !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| دی؟ || de? || Who?
+|-
+| ده ویا؟ || da wiya? || Who is he/she?
+|-
+| ده ویاونه؟ || da wiyawna? || Who are they?
+|-
+| ده ویاه پوښتنه کوي؟ || da wiya poṣṭana kawi? || Who is asking the question?
+|-
+| ده ویاه سترګه که واخلوي؟ || da wiya sṭarga ke wakhlowi? || Who will join the party?
+|}
+=== What ===
+The question word "what" is used to ask about things or actions. It can refer to both the subject and the object of the sentence. Here are some examples:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Central Pashto !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| ځاې سترګې څه دی؟ || zhay starga tsa dai? || What is this chair?
+| څه دی؟ || tsa de? || What?
+|-
+| څه دی وو؟ || tsa di wo? || What is this?
+|-
+| څه دی وونه؟ || tsa di wuna? || What are these?
+|-
+| څه دی ور کېدلو؟ || tsa di war ke dlwo? || What are you doing?
+|-
+| څه لیدل نه ورکو؟ || tsa ledal ne warko? || What did you eat?
+|}
+=== Where ===
+The question word "where" is used to ask about a location or place. Here are some examples:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Central Pashto !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| کوم ته هلاک هو؟ || kom ta halak ho? || Who is that man?
+| ړه دی؟ || ra de? || Where?
 |-
-| آیا ځای په کوم یو؟ || aya zhay pa kom yo? || Where is the place?
+| ړه دی وو؟ || ra di wo? || Where is this?
 |-
-| څوک خوښه راتل؟ || tsok khocha ratl? || When did you wake up?
+| ړه دی وونه؟ || ra di wuna? || Where are these?
 |-
-| څنګه هغه کس دا بکښلېد؟ || tsanga hagha kas da bikhaleyed? || Why did that person leave?
+| ړه دی ور کېدلو؟ || ra di war ke dlwo? || Where are you going?
 |-
-| څوری خوندي کولی شې؟ || tsawri khwandai koli she? || How do you eat the food?
+| ړه کړو؟ || ra karo? || Where to?
 |}
-Notice that although the question words are at the beginning of the sentences, the word order for the rest of the sentence is the same as in declarative sentences.
+=== When ===
-=== Answering Wh-Questions in Central Pashto ===
+The question word "when" is used to ask about a specific time or period. Here are some examples:
-To answer a wh-question in Central Pashto, the answer must include the information being asked for in the question. For example:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Central Pashto !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| کله دی؟ || kala de? || When?
+|-
+| کله دی وو؟ || kala di wo? || When is this?
+|-
+| کله دی وونه؟ || kala di wuna? || When are these?
+|-
+| کله دی ور کېدلو؟ || kala di war ke dlwo? || When will you come?
+|-
+| کله کړو؟ || kala karo? || When to?
+|}
-Question: ځاې مېنه څه دي؟ (zhay mena tsa dey?)
+=== Why ===
-Translation: What is this table?
-Answer: دا پایه دي. (da paya dey.)
+The question word "why" is used to ask about the reason or purpose. Here are some examples:
-Translation: This is a table.
-In this example, the question is asking for the identity of the object (table), and the answer provides that information in a complete sentence.
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Central Pashto !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| څوک دی؟ || tsook de? || Why?
+|-
+| څوک دی وو؟ || tsook di wo? || Why is this?
+|-
+| څوک دی وونه؟ || tsook di wuna? || Why are these?
+|-
+| څوک دی ور کېدلو؟ || tsook di war ke dlwo? || Why are you crying?
+|-
+| څوک کړو؟ || tsook karo? || Why?
+|}
-== Using Wh-Questions in Conversation ==
+=== How ===
-Wh-questions are an essential part of communication, as they are used to gather information and clarify understanding. You can use wh-questions in many situations, such as when meeting new people, chatting about activities, or asking for directions. Here are some examples of how to use wh-questions in Central Pashto conversations:
+The question word "how" is used to ask about the manner or way something is done. Here are some examples:
-* کوم بیا؟ (kom bya?)
+{| class="wikitable"
-Translation: Who is coming?
+! Central Pashto !! Pronunciation !! English
-* څه پخواسته کولی شئ؟ (tsa pakhwaste koli she?)
+|-
-Translation: What do you want to eat?
+| څوک دی؟ || tsook de? || How?
-* ځای ته واړه؟ (zhay ta wara?)
+|-
-Translation: Where are you going?
+| څوک دی وو؟ || tsook di wo? || How is this done?
-* څوک سترګې خریدولې شم؟ (tsok starga khreedole sham?)
+|-
-Translation: When should we buy this chair?
+| څوک دی وونه؟ || tsook di wuna? || How are these done?
-* څنګه دندان پاک کړئ ؟ (tsanga dandan pak kare?)
+|-
-Translation: Why do you brush your teeth?
+| څوک دی ور کېدلو؟ || tsook di war ke dlwo? || How will you do it?
-* څوری کتنه دیر دې؟ (tsawri katanah deer de?)
+|-
-Translation: How late are you?
+| څوک کړو؟ || tsook karo? || How?
+|}
+== Practice Exercises ==
+Now that we have learned how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto, let's practice asking and answering some questions. Choose the appropriate question word and form a question based on the given prompt. Then, provide an answer to the question.
+. Prompt: ___________ is your name?
+   Question: Who is your name?
+   Answer: My name is John.
+. Prompt: ___________ are you going?
+   Question: Where are you going?
+   Answer: I am going to the store.
-By incorporating wh-questions into your conversations, you can gain more understanding and build relationships with Pashto speakers.
+. Prompt: ___________ did you eat for lunch?
+   Question: What did you eat for lunch?
+   Answer: I had a sandwich and some fruit.
+. Prompt: ___________ do you like to do in your free time?
+   Question: What do you like to do in your free time?
+   Answer: I enjoy reading and playing sports.
+. Prompt: ___________ were you born?
+   Question: Where were you born?
+   Answer: I was born in Kabul.
+. Prompt: ___________ did you go on vacation?
+   Question: When did you go on vacation?
+   Answer: I went on vacation last month.
+. Prompt: ___________ are you studying?
+   Question: What are you studying?
+   Answer: I am studying math and science.
+. Prompt: ___________ are you crying?
+   Question: Why are you crying?
+   Answer: I am crying because I am sad.
+. Prompt: ___________ will you do it?
+   Question: How will you do it?
+   Answer: I will do it with the help of my friends.
+. Prompt: ___________ is your favorite color?
+    Question: What is your favorite color?
+    Answer: My favorite color is blue.
+== Regional Variations and Cultural Insights ==
+The usage and understanding of wh-questions in Central Pashto may vary slightly across different regions. In some areas, certain question words may be used more frequently or have specific cultural connotations. For example, in more traditional communities, the question word "why" may be used sparingly as questioning the reasons behind someone's actions can be considered disrespectful.
+Additionally, it is important to note that Pashtun culture values politeness and indirectness in communication. This cultural trait can be observed in the way questions are asked and answered. Pashto speakers often use softening phrases or indirect language when asking sensitive or personal questions, especially when addressing elders or people of higher social status. This cultural nuance should be taken into consideration when interacting with Pashto speakers in formal or traditional settings.
 == Conclusion ==
-In this lesson, you learned about wh-questions in Central Pashto and how to form and answer them using question words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how. You also saw how to use questions in common conversations. Incorporate these new question words into your Pashto language practice and enhance your ability to communicate in Pashto. Congratulations on completing this lesson!
+Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto. By mastering the usage of question words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how, you can now engage in more meaningful conversations and gather information effectively. Remember to practice asking and answering questions in various contexts to further enhance your language skills.
+In the next lesson, we will explore another aspect of Central Pashto grammar. Stay tuned and keep up the great work!
-<span link>Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/Present-Continuous|Present Continuous]] & [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/Subject-Object-Verb|Subject Object Verb]].</span>
 {{#seo:
 |title=Central Pashto Grammar → Questions → Wh-Questions
-|keywords=Central Pashto, Pashto grammar, wh-questions, question words, Pashto course, Pashto beginners
+|keywords=Central Pashto, Pashto grammar, wh-questions, question words, Pashto language
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto using question words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how, to expand your ability to communicate in Pashto. Learn about wh-question formation and usage, and incorporate these skills into your Pashto language practice.
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form wh-questions in Central Pashto. Practice asking and answering questions using who, what, where, when, why, and how.
 }}
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 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
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 ==Other Lessons==
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 * [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
 * [[Language/Central-pashto/Grammar/Subject-Object-Verb|Subject Object Verb]]
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