Language/Nepali-individual-language/Grammar/Past-Tense-in-Nepali

Nepali (individual language) Grammar → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense in Nepali

As a Nepali language teacher, I have been teaching Nepali for the past 20 years. In this lesson, we will be discussing the past tense in Nepali and how to use it in different types of sentences. This is an essential lesson in learning the Nepali language, as it is used frequently in conversation.

Introduction to Past Tense

The past tense in Nepali is used to describe an action or event that has already happened in the past. In Nepali, the past tense is formed by adding different suffixes to the stem of the verb.

There are two types of past tense in Nepali: Simple past tense and Continuous past tense.

Simple Past Tense

The simple past tense is used to describe a completed action in the past. To form the simple past tense in Nepali, we add the suffix "-ya" to the stem of the verb. Let's look at some examples:

Nepali (individual language)	Pronunciation	English
खानु (khaanu)	/kʰaːnʊ/	to eat
खायो (khayo)	/kʰaːjo/	ate
थिए (thie)	/tʰɪe/	was/were
बोल्यो (bolyo)	/boːljo/	spoke

Here, we can see that the stem of the verb is "kha," "thi," and "bol." When we add "-ya" to the stem, we get "khayo," "thie," and "bolyo." This forms the simple past tense in Nepali.

Continuous Past Tense

The continuous past tense is used to describe an action or event that was ongoing in the past. To form the continuous past tense in Nepali, we add the suffix "-dai thiyo" to the stem of the verb. Let's look at some examples:

Nepali (individual language)	Pronunciation	English
खानु (khaanu)	/kʰaːnʊ/	to eat
खाँदै थिए (khaandai thie)	/kʰaːndai tʰɪe/	was eating
बोल्नु (bolnu)	/boːlnʊ/	to speak
बोलिरहेको थिए (boliraheko thie)	/boːlirahɛko tʰie/	was speaking

Here, we can see that the stem of the verb is "kha" and "bol." When we add "-dai thiyo" to the stem, we get "khaandai thie" and "boliraheko thie." This forms the continuous past tense in Nepali.

Usage of Past Tense

The past tense in Nepali is used in different types of sentences such as:

• Describing past events or actions

 * Example: मैले आज खानी खायो। (Maile aaj khaani khayo.) - I ate food today.

• Describing a past habitual action

 * Example: मेरो परिवार भिडियोखेल्दथ्यो। (Mero pariwar biddiyo kheldathyo.) - My family used to play volleyball.

• Indicating a time period in the past

 * Example: त्यो तीन हफ्ता अघि भएको थियो। (Tyo teen hafta agi bhaeko thie.) - That was three weeks ago.

• Describing a past continuous action

 * Example:हामी सबै एउटै गाडीमा बस्ने थियौं। (Hamī sabai auṭai gāḍīmā basne thiaun.) - We were all sitting in the same car.

Remember, the past tense suffixes "-ya" and "-dai thiyo" are only added to the verb stem and not the subject. To indicate who did the action, we use different Nepali pronouns such as "ma" (I), "timi" (you), or "usle" (he/she/they).

Conclusion

In conclusion, the past tense is an essential part of learning the Nepali language. By understanding how to form the simple and continuous past tense, and how it is used in different types of sentences, you can become more confident in communicating with Nepali speakers. Practice is key when learning any language, so take the time to practice using the past tense in your daily conversations.

Table of Contents - Nepali (individual language) Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

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Nouns and Pronouns

• Introduction to Nepali Nouns
• Noun Cases in Nepali
• Pronouns in Nepali

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Verbs and Tenses

• Introduction to Nepali Verbs
• Present Tense in Nepali
• Past Tense in Nepali
• Future Tense in Nepali

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Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjectives in Nepali
• Comparison of Adjectives in Nepali
• Adverbs in Nepali

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Negation and Interrogatives

• Negation in Nepali
• Interrogatives in Nepali

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Numbers in Nepali

• Cardinal Numbers
• Ordinal Numbers
• Plural and Fractional Numbers

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Words and Phrases

• Greetings and Introductions
• Common Nepali Words and Phrases

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Food and Drinks

• Food in Nepali
• Drinks in Nepali

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Festivals in Nepal

• Dashain Festival
• Tihar Festival
• Holi Festival

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Nepali Society

• Family and Marriage in Nepal
• Religion and Beliefs in Nepal

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Nepali Cuisine

• Traditional Nepali Dishes
• Nepali Spices and Herbs

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Nepali Arts and Crafts

• Nepali Handicrafts
• Nepali Music and Dance

Related Lessons

• Introduction to Nepali Nouns
• Conditional Mood
• Pronouns in Nepali
• Give your Opinion
• Interrogatives in Nepali
• Verbs kriyaharu क्रियाहरू
• Comparison of Adjectives in Nepali
• Adjectives
• How to Use Be